jquery ui的css设计

jquery ui 是当前最强大的UI库之一，其两大卖点是对IE6的良好支持与换肤功能。为了构建avalon ui，今天起我将投入一部分精力来研究时下最流行的几个ＣＳＳ框架。它是首当其冲。

jquery ui的ＣＳＳ并没有打包一个文件，用户只要引入 jquery.ui.all.css，它就会将所有CSS文件通过@import语句引进来。单从@import来，它比JS高明多了，时至今天，JS的加载都需要我们来实现。

jquery.ui.all.css 的内容很简单：

/*!
* jQuery UI CSS Framework @VERSION
* http://jqueryui.com *
* Copyright 2013 jQuery Foundation and other contributors
* Released under the MIT license.
* http://jquery.org/license *
* http://api.jqueryui.com/category/theming/ */
@import "jquery.ui.base.css";
@import "jquery.ui.theme.css";

jquery.ui.base.css的内容也很简单，与上面一样，尽是@import语句

/*!
* jQuery UI CSS Framework @VERSION
* http://jqueryui.com *
* Copyright 2013 jQuery Foundation and other contributors
* Released under the MIT license.
* http://jquery.org/license *
* http://api.jqueryui.com/category/theming/ */
@import url("jquery.ui.core.css");

@import url("jquery.ui.accordion.css");
@import url("jquery.ui.autocomplete.css");
@import url("jquery.ui.button.css");
@import url("jquery.ui.datepicker.css");
@import url("jquery.ui.dialog.css");
@import url("jquery.ui.menu.css");
@import url("jquery.ui.progressbar.css");
@import url("jquery.ui.resizable.css");
@import url("jquery.ui.selectable.css");
@import url("jquery.ui.slider.css");
@import url("jquery.ui.spinner.css");
@import url("jquery.ui.tabs.css");
@import url("jquery.ui.tooltip.css");

jquery.ui.core.css与我预想的不一样，不做任何reset操作，也不提供什么分栏布局。可能考虑到用户已经引入自己的reset 吧。这里只有极少数的工具类，比如隐藏，清除浮动，将文本从容器中移出视野外……

/* Layout helpers
----------------------------------*/
.ui-helper-hidden {/* 隐藏*/
display: none;
}
.ui-helper-hidden-accessible {
border: 0;
clip: rect(0 0 0 0);
height: 1px;
margin: -1px;
overflow: hidden;
padding: 0;
position: absolute;
width: 1px;
}
.ui-helper-reset {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
border: 0;
outline: 0;
line-height: 1.3;
text-decoration: none;
font-size: 100%;
list-style: none;
}
.ui-helper-clearfix:before,/*不添加多余标签实现清除浮动*/
.ui-helper-clearfix:after {
content: "";
display: table;
border-collapse: collapse;
}
.ui-helper-clearfix:after {
clear: both;
}
.ui-helper-clearfix {
min-height: 0; /* support: IE7 */
}
.ui-helper-zfix {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
top: 0;
left: 0;
position: absolute;
opacity: 0;
filter:Alpha(Opacity=0);
}

.ui-front {
z-index: 100;
}

/* Interaction Cues
----------------------------------*/
.ui-state-disabled {/*不可用*/
cursor: default !important;
}

/* Icons
----------------------------------*/

/* states and images */
.ui-icon { /* 让ICON所在的标签的文本移出视野外 */
display: block;
text-indent: -99999px;
overflow: hidden;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
}

/* Misc visuals
----------------------------------*/

/* Overlays */
.ui-widget-overlay {
position: fixed;
top: 0;
left: 0;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
}

接着我们拿一个控件的CSS分析下吧

/* 每一个UI都有一个容器， 此容器必有这样的类名， “ui-”加UI名*/
.ui-slider {
position: relative;
text-align: left;
}
.ui-slider .ui-slider-handle {
position: absolute;
z-index: 2;
width: 1.2em;
height: 1.2em;
cursor: default;
}
.ui-slider .ui-slider-range {
position: absolute;
z-index: 1;
font-size: .7em;
display: block;
border: 0;
background-position: 0 0;
}

/* For IE8 - See #6727 */
.ui-slider.ui-state-disabled .ui-slider-handle,
.ui-slider.ui-state-disabled .ui-slider-range {
filter: inherit;
}

.ui-slider-horizontal {
height: .8em;
}
.ui-slider-horizontal .ui-slider-handle {
top: -.3em;
margin-left: -.6em;
}
.ui-slider-horizontal .ui-slider-range {
top: 0;
height: 100%;
}
.ui-slider-horizontal .ui-slider-range-min {
left: 0;
}
.ui-slider-horizontal .ui-slider-range-max {
right: 0;
}

.ui-slider-vertical {
width: .8em;
height: 100px;
}
.ui-slider-vertical .ui-slider-handle {
left: -.3em;
margin-left: 0;
margin-bottom: -.6em;
}
.ui-slider-vertical .ui-slider-range {
left: 0;
width: 100%;
}
.ui-slider-vertical .ui-slider-range-min {
bottom: 0;
}
.ui-slider-vertical .ui-slider-range-max {
top: 0;
}

为了适应用户的字体设置，它基本上不使用px。在这个文件中，它不涉及任何颜色长宽的设置。

换肤功能的实现在jquery.ui.theme.css,想换肤，将此文件替换就行。这里的类名都是以ui-widget-xxx, ui-state-xxx, ui-icon-xxx, ui-corner-xxx命名。主要处理文本颜色，文本缩进，背景颜色，背景图片，透明度与圆角。

/* Component containers
----------------------------------*/
.ui-widget {
font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif/*{ffDefault}*/;
font-size: 1.1em/*{fsDefault}*/;
}
.ui-widget .ui-widget {
font-size: 1em;
}
.ui-widget input,
.ui-widget select,
.ui-widget textarea,
.ui-widget button {
font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif/*{ffDefault}*/;
font-size: 1em;
}
.ui-widget-content {
border: 1px solid #aaaaaa/*{borderColorContent}*/;
background: #ffffff/*{bgColorContent}*/ url(images/ui-bg_flat_75_ffffff_40x100.png)/*{bgImgUrlContent}*/ 50%/*{bgContentXPos}*/ 50%/*{bgContentYPos}*/ repeat-x/*{bgContentRepeat}*/;
color: #222222/*{fcContent}*/;
}
.ui-widget-content a {
color: #222222/*{fcContent}*/;
}
.ui-widget-header {
border: 1px solid #aaaaaa/*{borderColorHeader}*/;
background: #cccccc/*{bgColorHeader}*/ url(images/ui-bg_highlight-soft_75_cccccc_1x100.png)/*{bgImgUrlHeader}*/ 50%/*{bgHeaderXPos}*/ 50%/*{bgHeaderYPos}*/ repeat-x/*{bgHeaderRepeat}*/;
color: #222222/*{fcHeader}*/;
font-weight: bold;
}
.ui-widget-header a {
color: #222222/*{fcHeader}*/;
}

/* Interaction states
----------------------------------*/
.ui-state-default,
.ui-widget-content .ui-state-default,
.ui-widget-header .ui-state-default {
border: 1px solid #d3d3d3/*{borderColorDefault}*/;
background: #e6e6e6/*{bgColorDefault}*/ url(images/ui-bg_glass_75_e6e6e6_1x400.png)/*{bgImgUrlDefault}*/ 50%/*{bgDefaultXPos}*/ 50%/*{bgDefaultYPos}*/ repeat-x/*{bgDefaultRepeat}*/;
font-weight: normal/*{fwDefault}*/;
color: #555555/*{fcDefault}*/;
}
.ui-state-default a,
.ui-state-default a:link,
.ui-state-default a:visited {
color: #555555/*{fcDefault}*/;
text-decoration: none;
}
.ui-state-hover,
.ui-widget-content .ui-state-hover,
.ui-widget-header .ui-state-hover,
.ui-state-focus,
.ui-widget-content .ui-state-focus,
.ui-widget-header .ui-state-focus {
border: 1px solid #999999/*{borderColorHover}*/;
background: #dadada/*{bgColorHover}*/ url(images/ui-bg_glass_75_dadada_1x400.png)/*{bgImgUrlHover}*/ 50%/*{bgHoverXPos}*/ 50%/*{bgHoverYPos}*/ repeat-x/*{bgHoverRepeat}*/;
font-weight: normal/*{fwDefault}*/;
color: #212121/*{fcHover}*/;
}
.ui-state-hover a,
.ui-state-hover a:hover,
.ui-state-hover a:link,
.ui-state-hover a:visited {
color: #212121/*{fcHover}*/;
text-decoration: none;
}
.ui-state-active,
.ui-widget-content .ui-state-active,
.ui-widget-header .ui-state-active {
border: 1px solid #aaaaaa/*{borderColorActive}*/;
background: #ffffff/*{bgColorActive}*/ url(images/ui-bg_glass_65_ffffff_1x400.png)/*{bgImgUrlActive}*/ 50%/*{bgActiveXPos}*/ 50%/*{bgActiveYPos}*/ repeat-x/*{bgActiveRepeat}*/;
font-weight: normal/*{fwDefault}*/;
color: #212121/*{fcActive}*/;
}
.ui-state-active a,
.ui-state-active a:link,
.ui-state-active a:visited {
color: #212121/*{fcActive}*/;
text-decoration: none;
}

/* Interaction Cues
----------------------------------*/
.ui-state-highlight,
.ui-widget-content .ui-state-highlight,
.ui-widget-header .ui-state-highlight {
border: 1px solid #fcefa1/*{borderColorHighlight}*/;
background: #fbf9ee/*{bgColorHighlight}*/ url(images/ui-bg_glass_55_fbf9ee_1x400.png)/*{bgImgUrlHighlight}*/ 50%/*{bgHighlightXPos}*/ 50%/*{bgHighlightYPos}*/ repeat-x/*{bgHighlightRepeat}*/;
color: #363636/*{fcHighlight}*/;
}
.ui-state-highlight a,
.ui-widget-content .ui-state-highlight a,
.ui-widget-header .ui-state-highlight a {
color: #363636/*{fcHighlight}*/;
}
.ui-state-error,
.ui-widget-content .ui-state-error,
.ui-widget-header .ui-state-error {
border: 1px solid #cd0a0a/*{borderColorError}*/;
background: #fef1ec/*{bgColorError}*/ url(images/ui-bg_glass_95_fef1ec_1x400.png)/*{bgImgUrlError}*/ 50%/*{bgErrorXPos}*/ 50%/*{bgErrorYPos}*/ repeat-x/*{bgErrorRepeat}*/;
color: #cd0a0a/*{fcError}*/;
}
.ui-state-error a,
.ui-widget-content .ui-state-error a,
.ui-widget-header .ui-state-error a {
color: #cd0a0a/*{fcError}*/;
}
.ui-state-error-text,
.ui-widget-content .ui-state-error-text,
.ui-widget-header .ui-state-error-text {
color: #cd0a0a/*{fcError}*/;
}
.ui-priority-primary,
.ui-widget-content .ui-priority-primary,
.ui-widget-header .ui-priority-primary {
font-weight: bold;
}
.ui-priority-secondary,
.ui-widget-content .ui-priority-secondary,
.ui-widget-header .ui-priority-secondary {
opacity: .7;
filter:Alpha(Opacity=70);
font-weight: normal;
}
.ui-state-disabled,
.ui-widget-content .ui-state-disabled,
.ui-widget-header .ui-state-disabled {
opacity: .35;
filter:Alpha(Opacity=35);
background-image: none;
}
.ui-state-disabled .ui-icon {
filter:Alpha(Opacity=35); /* For IE8 - See #6059 */
}

/* Icons
----------------------------------*/

/* states and images */
.ui-icon {
width: 16px;
height: 16px;
}
.ui-icon,
.ui-widget-content .ui-icon {
background-image: url(images/ui-icons_222222_256x240.png)/*{iconsContent}*/;
}
.ui-widget-header .ui-icon {
background-image: url(images/ui-icons_222222_256x240.png)/*{iconsHeader}*/;
}
.ui-state-default .ui-icon {
background-image: url(images/ui-icons_888888_256x240.png)/*{iconsDefault}*/;
}
.ui-state-hover .ui-icon,
.ui-state-focus .ui-icon {
background-image: url(images/ui-icons_454545_256x240.png)/*{iconsHover}*/;
}
.ui-state-active .ui-icon {
background-image: url(images/ui-icons_454545_256x240.png)/*{iconsActive}*/;
}
.ui-state-highlight .ui-icon {
background-image: url(images/ui-icons_2e83ff_256x240.png)/*{iconsHighlight}*/;
}
.ui-state-error .ui-icon,
.ui-state-error-text .ui-icon {
background-image: url(images/ui-icons_cd0a0a_256x240.png)/*{iconsError}*/;
}

/* positioning */
.ui-icon-blank { background-position: 16px 16px; }
.ui-icon-carat-1-n { background-position: 0 0; }
.ui-icon-carat-1-ne { background-position: -16px 0; }
/* 略，这里都是ICON，通过background-position来处理背景图片*/
.ui-icon-grip-diagonal-se { background-position: -80px -224px; }

/* Misc visuals
----------------------------------*/

/* Corner radius */
.ui-corner-all,
.ui-corner-top,
.ui-corner-left,
.ui-corner-tl {
border-top-left-radius: 4px/*{cornerRadius}*/;
}
.ui-corner-all,
.ui-corner-top,
.ui-corner-right,
.ui-corner-tr {
border-top-right-radius: 4px/*{cornerRadius}*/;
}
.ui-corner-all,
.ui-corner-bottom,
.ui-corner-left,
.ui-corner-bl {
border-bottom-left-radius: 4px/*{cornerRadius}*/;
}
.ui-corner-all,
.ui-corner-bottom,
.ui-corner-right,
.ui-corner-br {
border-bottom-right-radius: 4px/*{cornerRadius}*/;
}

/* Overlays */
.ui-widget-overlay {
background: #aaaaaa/*{bgColorOverlay}*/ url(images/ui-bg_flat_0_aaaaaa_40x100.png)/*{bgImgUrlOverlay}*/ 50%/*{bgOverlayXPos}*/ 50%/*{bgOverlayYPos}*/ repeat-x/*{bgOverlayRepeat}*/;
opacity: .3/*{opacityOverlay}*/;
filter: Alpha(Opacity=30)/*{opacityFilterOverlay}*/;
}
.ui-widget-shadow {
margin: -8px/*{offsetTopShadow}*/ 0 0 -8px/*{offsetLeftShadow}*/;
padding: 8px/*{thicknessShadow}*/;
background: #aaaaaa/*{bgColorShadow}*/ url(images/ui-bg_flat_0_aaaaaa_40x100.png)/*{bgImgUrlShadow}*/ 50%/*{bgShadowXPos}*/ 50%/*{bgShadowYPos}*/ repeat-x/*{bgShadowRepeat}*/;
opacity: .3/*{opacityShadow}*/;
filter: Alpha(Opacity=30)/*{opacityFilterShadow}*/;
border-radius: 8px/*{cornerRadiusShadow}*/;
}

over!