【推荐】.NET(webform,MVC)使用NPOI组件将数据导出、导入Excel。 Aspose.Cell 控件报表

一、导出EXcel

【推荐】.NET使用NPOI组件将数据导出Excel

1、NPOI官方网站：http://npoi.codeplex.com/

   可以到此网站上去下载最新的NPOI组件版本

2、NPOI在线学习教程（中文版）：

      感谢Tony Qu分享出NPOI组件的使用方法

3、.NET调用NPOI组件导入导出Excel的操作类
　　此NPOI操作类的优点如下：

   （1）支持web及winform从DataTable导出到Excel； 

   （2）生成速度很快； 

   （3）准确判断数据类型，不会出现身份证转数值等问题； 

   （4）如果单页条数大于65535时会新建工作表； 

   （5）列宽自适应；

 

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using NPOI;
using NPOI.HPSF;
using NPOI.HSSF;
using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel;
using NPOI.HSSF.Util;
using NPOI.POIFS;
using NPOI.Util;

namespace Comm
{
public class NPOIHelper
{
/// <summary>
/// DataTable导出到Excel文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dtSource">源DataTable</param>
/// <param name="strHeaderText">表头文本</param>
/// <param name="strFileName">保存位置</param>
public static void Export(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText, string strFileName)
{
using (MemoryStream ms = Export(dtSource, strHeaderText))
{
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write))
{
byte[] data = ms.ToArray();
fs.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
fs.Flush();
}
}
}

/// <summary>
/// DataTable导出到Excel的MemoryStream
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dtSource">源DataTable</param>
/// <param name="strHeaderText">表头文本</param>
public static MemoryStream Export(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText)
{
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet();

#region 右击文件 属性信息
{
DocumentSummaryInformation dsi = PropertySetFactory.CreateDocumentSummaryInformation();
dsi.Company = "NPOI";
workbook.DocumentSummaryInformation = dsi;

SummaryInformation si = PropertySetFactory.CreateSummaryInformation();
si.Author = "文件作者信息"; //填加xls文件作者信息
si.ApplicationName = "创建程序信息"; //填加xls文件创建程序信息
si.LastAuthor = "最后保存者信息"; //填加xls文件最后保存者信息
si.Comments = "作者信息"; //填加xls文件作者信息
si.Title = "标题信息"; //填加xls文件标题信息
si.Subject = "主题信息";//填加文件主题信息
si.CreateDateTime = DateTime.Now;
workbook.SummaryInformation = si;
}
#endregion

HSSFCellStyle dateStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
HSSFDataFormat format = workbook.CreateDataFormat();
dateStyle.DataFormat = format.GetFormat("yyyy-mm-dd");

//取得列宽
int[] arrColWidth = new int[dtSource.Columns.Count];
foreach (DataColumn item in dtSource.Columns)
{
arrColWidth[item.Ordinal] = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(item.ColumnName.ToString()).Length;
}
for (int i = 0; i < dtSource.Rows.Count; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < dtSource.Columns.Count; j++)
{
int intTemp = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(dtSource.Rows[i][j].ToString()).Length;
if (intTemp > arrColWidth[j])
{
arrColWidth[j] = intTemp;
}
}
}
int rowIndex = 0;
foreach (DataRow row in dtSource.Rows)
{
#region 新建表，填充表头，填充列头，样式
if (rowIndex == 65535 || rowIndex == 0)
{
if (rowIndex != 0)
{
sheet = workbook.CreateSheet();
}

#region 表头及样式
{
HSSFRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(0);
headerRow.HeightInPoints = 25;
headerRow.CreateCell(0).SetCellValue(strHeaderText);

HSSFCellStyle headStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
headStyle.Alignment = CellHorizontalAlignment.CENTER;
HSSFFont font = workbook.CreateFont();
font.FontHeightInPoints = 20;
font.Boldweight = 700;
headStyle.SetFont(font);
headerRow.GetCell(0).CellStyle = headStyle;
sheet.AddMergedRegion(new Region(0, 0, 0, dtSource.Columns.Count - 1));
headerRow.Dispose();
}
#endregion

#region 列头及样式
{
HSSFRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(1);
HSSFCellStyle headStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
headStyle.Alignment = CellHorizontalAlignment.CENTER;
HSSFFont font = workbook.CreateFont();
font.FontHeightInPoints = 10;
font.Boldweight = 700;
headStyle.SetFont(font);
foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns)
{
headerRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal).SetCellValue(column.ColumnName);
headerRow.GetCell(column.Ordinal).CellStyle = headStyle;

//设置列宽
sheet.SetColumnWidth(column.Ordinal, (arrColWidth[column.Ordinal] + 1) * 256);
}
headerRow.Dispose();
}
#endregion

rowIndex = 2;
}
#endregion

#region 填充内容
HSSFRow dataRow = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex);
foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns)
{
HSSFCell newCell = dataRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal);

string drValue = row[column].ToString();

switch (column.DataType.ToString())
{
case "System.String"://字符串类型
newCell.SetCellValue(drValue);
break;
case "System.DateTime"://日期类型
DateTime dateV;
DateTime.TryParse(drValue, out dateV);
newCell.SetCellValue(dateV);

newCell.CellStyle = dateStyle;//格式化显示
break;
case "System.Boolean"://布尔型
bool boolV = false;
bool.TryParse(drValue, out boolV);
newCell.SetCellValue(boolV);
break;
case "System.Int16"://整型
case "System.Int32":
case "System.Int64":
case "System.Byte":
int intV = 0;
int.TryParse(drValue, out intV);
newCell.SetCellValue(intV);
break;
case "System.Decimal"://浮点型
case "System.Double":
double doubV = 0;
double.TryParse(drValue, out doubV);
newCell.SetCellValue(doubV);
break;
case "System.DBNull"://空值处理
newCell.SetCellValue("");
break;
default:
newCell.SetCellValue("");
break;
}

}
#endregion

rowIndex++;
}
using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
{
workbook.Write(ms);
ms.Flush();
ms.Position = 0;

sheet.Dispose();
//workbook.Dispose();//一般只用写这一个就OK了，他会遍历并释放所有资源，但当前版本有问题所以只释放sheet
return ms;
}
}

/// <summary>
/// 用于Web导出
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dtSource">源DataTable</param>
/// <param name="strHeaderText">表头文本</param>
/// <param name="strFileName">文件名</param>
public static void ExportByWeb(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText, string strFileName)
{
HttpContext curContext = HttpContext.Current;

// 设置编码和附件格式
curContext.Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel";
curContext.Response.ContentEncoding = Encoding.UTF8;
curContext.Response.Charset = "";
curContext.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition",
"attachment;filename=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(strFileName, Encoding.UTF8));

curContext.Response.BinaryWrite(Export(dtSource, strHeaderText).GetBuffer());
curContext.Response.End();
}

/// <summary>读取excel
/// 默认第一行为标头
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strFileName">excel文档路径</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static DataTable Import(string strFileName)
{
DataTable dt = new DataTable();

HSSFWorkbook hssfworkbook;
using (FileStream file = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
{
hssfworkbook = new HSSFWorkbook(file);
}
HSSFSheet sheet = hssfworkbook.GetSheetAt(0);
System.Collections.IEnumerator rows = sheet.GetRowEnumerator();

HSSFRow headerRow = sheet.GetRow(0);
int cellCount = headerRow.LastCellNum;

for (int j = 0; j < cellCount; j++)
{
HSSFCell cell = headerRow.GetCell(j);
dt.Columns.Add(cell.ToString());
}

for (int i = (sheet.FirstRowNum + 1); i <= sheet.LastRowNum; i++)
{
HSSFRow row = sheet.GetRow(i);
DataRow dataRow = dt.NewRow();

for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j < cellCount; j++)
{
if (row.GetCell(j) != null)
dataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).ToString();
}

dt.Rows.Add(dataRow);
}
return dt;
}

/// <summary>
/// 读取Excel
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strFileName">FileUpload控件</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static DataTable Import2(FileUpload strFileName)
{
DataTable table = new DataTable();
if (strFileName.HasFile)
{

//根据路径通过已存在的excel来创建HSSFWorkbook，即整个excel文档
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(strFileName.FileContent);

//获取excel的第一个sheet
HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt(0);

//获取sheet的首行
HSSFRow headerRow = sheet.GetRow(0);

//一行最后一个方格的编号 即总的列数
int cellCount = headerRow.LastCellNum;

for (int i = headerRow.FirstCellNum; i < cellCount; i++)
{
DataColumn column = new DataColumn(headerRow.GetCell(i).StringCellValue);
table.Columns.Add(column);
}
//最后一列的标号  即总的行数
int rowCount = sheet.LastRowNum;

for (int i = (sheet.FirstRowNum + 1); i <=sheet.LastRowNum; i++)
{
HSSFRow row = sheet.GetRow(i);
DataRow dataRow = table.NewRow();

for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j < cellCount; j++)
{
if (row.GetCell(j) != null)
dataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).ToString();
}

table.Rows.Add(dataRow);
}

workbook = null;
sheet = null;
return table;
}
else
{
return table;
}
}

}
}

4、NPOI操作类的调用方法
   DataTable dt_Grade = Tools.Data.GetDataTable(strSQL);

   filename += "绩效考核结果分数统计表";

   PMS.Common.NPOIHelper.ExportByWeb(dt_Grade, filename, filename+".xls");

//重新组装表
DataTable dt2 = new DataTable();//表
DataColumn dc = null;//列集合
dc = dt2.Columns.Add("序号", Type.GetType("System.String"));
dc = dt2.Columns.Add("用户姓名", Type.GetType("System.String"));
for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++)
{
DataRow newRow = dt2.NewRow();   //新行
newRow["序号"] = dt.Rows[i]["id"];
newRow["用户姓名"] = dt.Rows[i]["yhxm"];
dt2.Rows.Add(newRow);
}

 

二、导入Excel

1、方法一

             （1）上次Excel

               (2)  读取Excel

                      DataTable dt = NPOIHelper.Import(Request.ServerVariables[3] + "Uploads/student.xls");

              (3) 导入数据库

2、方法二

           （1）读取Excel

                  DataTable dt = NPOIHelper.Import2(FileUpload1);

            (2)  导入数据库

 

NPOI 类库下载：http://download.csdn.net/detail/tiz198183/5597953

 

Asp.Net MVC 使用FileResult导出Excel数据文件

public FileResult ExportExcel()
{
var sbHtml = new StringBuilder();
sbHtml.Append("<table border='1' cellspacing='0' cellpadding='0'>");
sbHtml.Append("<tr>");
var lstTitle = new List<string> { "编号", "姓名", "年龄", "创建时间" };
foreach (var item in lstTitle)
{
sbHtml.AppendFormat("<td style='font-size: 14px;text-align:center;background-color: #DCE0E2; font-weight:bold;' height='25'>{0}</td>", item);
}
sbHtml.Append("</tr>");

for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
{
sbHtml.Append("<tr>");
sbHtml.AppendFormat("<td style='font-size: 12px;height:20px;'>{0}</td>", i);
sbHtml.AppendFormat("<td style='font-size: 12px;height:20px;'>屌丝{0}号</td>", i);
sbHtml.AppendFormat("<td style='font-size: 12px;height:20px;'>{0}</td>", new Random().Next(20, 30) + i);
sbHtml.AppendFormat("<td style='font-size: 12px;height:20px;'>{0}</td>", DateTime.Now);
sbHtml.Append("</tr>");
}
sbHtml.Append("</table>");

//第一种:使用FileContentResult
byte[] fileContents = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(sbHtml.ToString());
return File(fileContents, "application/ms-excel", "fileContents.xls");

//第二种:使用FileStreamResult
//var fileStream = new MemoryStream(fileContents);
//return File(fileStream, "application/ms-excel", "fileStream.xls");

//第三种:使用FilePathResult
//服务器上首先必须要有这个Excel文件,然会通过Server.MapPath获取路径返回.
//var fileName = Server.MapPath("~/Files/fileName.xls");
//return File(fileName, "application/ms-excel", "fileName.xls");
}