MonoDroid学习笔记（十三）—— 自制任务管理器，获取正在运行的程序与服务

Android操作系统并没有提供任务管理程序，无从得知后台有哪些程序正在运行，但提供了正在运行的服务列表。这次我们来用MonoDroid来获取手机中正在运行的程序及服务，用ListView列出来，点击ListView的项可以实现关闭程序或服务。

这里我没有实现实时获取，而是通过点击两个按钮时才进行获取，布局文件如下：

[xhtml] view
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="fill_parent">

<Button android:id="@+id/btnGetTask"

android:text="正在运行的程序"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

<Button android:id="@+id/btnGetService"

android:text="正在运行的服务"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_toRightOf="@id/btnGetTask"/>

<ListView android:id="@+id/lvTasks"

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="fill_parent"

android:layout_below="@id/btnGetTask"></ListView>

</RelativeLayout>

要获取正在运行的程序，需使用ActivityManager类的GetRunningTasks方法，它的参数指定需要取出的任务数，由于资源有限，所以我们这里设置了最多取出30条任务：

[c-sharp] view
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public class Activity1 : Activity

{

List<string> list = new List<string>();

IList<ActivityManager.RunningTaskInfo> listRunningTasks;

ActivityManager am;

protected override void OnCreate(Bundle bundle)

{

base.OnCreate(bundle);

SetContentView(Resource.Layout.Main);

Button btnGetTask = FindViewById<Button>(Resource.Id.btnGetTask);

Button btnGetService = FindViewById<Button>(Resource.Id.btnGetService);

ListView lvTasks = FindViewById<ListView>(Resource.Id.lvTasks);

am = this.GetSystemService(ActivityService) as ActivityManager;

btnGetTask.Click += (sender, e) =>

{

contentShown = 1;

try

{

list.Clear();

lvTasks.Adapter = null;

listRunningTasks = am.GetRunningTasks(30);

int index = 1;

foreach (ActivityManager.RunningTaskInfo task in listRunningTasks)

{

list.Add(string.Format("{0}:{1}(ID={2})", index++, task.BaseActivity.ClassName, task.Id));

}

ArrayAdapter<string> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<string>(this, Android.Resource.Layout.SimpleListItem1, list);

if (adapter.Count == 0)

{

Toast.MakeText(this, "当前没有任何程序运行", ToastLength.Long).Show();

}

else

{

lvTasks.Adapter = adapter;

}

}

catch (SecurityException)

{

Toast.MakeText(this, "没有获取运行程序的权限", ToastLength.Long).Show();

}

catch (System.Exception ex)

{

MessageBox.ShowErrorMessage(this, ex);

}

};

lvTasks.ItemClick += (sender, e) =>

{

MessageBox.Confirm(this, "提示", "确定关闭此程序吗?", (s2, e2) =>

{

am.RestartPackage(listRunningTasks[e.Position].BaseActivity.PackageName);

btnGetTask.PerformClick();

}, (s3, e3) => { });

};

}

}

注意要获取任务，必需要在AndroidManifest.xml中添加GET_Tasks权限，而要关闭程序，我们这里使用的是ActivityManager类的RestartPackage方法，根据程序的包名称来关闭，所以要添加RESTART_PACKAGES权限：

[xhtml] view
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<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.GET_TASKS" />

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RESTART_PACKAGES" />

效果图：



下面我们来实现获取运行中服务的效果。获取服务与获取程序差不多，只要把GetRunningTasks改为GetRunningServices即可，同样我们还是取出30条。由于是在同一个ListView中显示，在单击列表项时需要区分单击的是程序还是服务，所以我们增加一个字段contentShown加以区分，contentShown=1时表示程序，contentShown=2时表示服务，完整的代码如下：

[c-sharp] view
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public class Activity1 : Activity

{

List<string> list = new List<string>();

IList<ActivityManager.RunningTaskInfo> listRunningTasks;

IList<ActivityManager.RunningServiceInfo> listRunningServices;

ActivityManager am;

int contentShown = 0;

protected override void OnCreate(Bundle bundle)

{

base.OnCreate(bundle);

SetContentView(Resource.Layout.Main);

Button btnGetTask = FindViewById<Button>(Resource.Id.btnGetTask);

Button btnGetService = FindViewById<Button>(Resource.Id.btnGetService);

ListView lvTasks = FindViewById<ListView>(Resource.Id.lvTasks);

am = this.GetSystemService(ActivityService) as ActivityManager;

btnGetTask.Click += (sender, e) =>

{

contentShown = 1;

try

{

list.Clear();

lvTasks.Adapter = null;

listRunningTasks = am.GetRunningTasks(30);

int index = 1;

foreach (ActivityManager.RunningTaskInfo task in listRunningTasks)

{

list.Add(string.Format("{0}:{1}(ID={2})", index++, task.BaseActivity.ClassName, task.Id));

}

ArrayAdapter<string> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<string>(this, Android.Resource.Layout.SimpleListItem1, list);

if (adapter.Count == 0)

{

Toast.MakeText(this, "当前没有任何程序运行", ToastLength.Long).Show();

}

else

{

lvTasks.Adapter = adapter;

}

}

catch (SecurityException)

{

Toast.MakeText(this, "没有获取运行程序的权限", ToastLength.Long).Show();

}

catch (System.Exception ex)

{

MessageBox.ShowErrorMessage(this, ex);

}

};

btnGetService.Click += (sender, e) =>

{

contentShown = 2;

try

{

lvTasks.Adapter = null;

listRunningServices = am.GetRunningServices(30);

int index = 1;

list.Clear();

foreach (ActivityManager.RunningServiceInfo service in listRunningServices)

{

list.Add(string.Format("{0}:{1}(ID={2})", index++, service.Process, service.Pid));

}

ArrayAdapter<string> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<string>(this, Android.Resource.Layout.SimpleListItem1, list);

if (adapter.Count == 0)

{

Toast.MakeText(this, "当前没有任何服务运行", ToastLength.Long).Show();

}

else

{

lvTasks.Adapter = adapter;

}

}

catch (SecurityException)

{

Toast.MakeText(this, "没有获取运行服务的权限", ToastLength.Long).Show();

}

catch (System.Exception ex)

{

MessageBox.ShowErrorMessage(this, ex);

}

};

lvTasks.ItemClick += (sender, e) =>

{

if (contentShown == 1)

{

MessageBox.Confirm(this, "提示", "确定关闭此程序吗?", (s2, e2) =>

{

am.RestartPackage(listRunningTasks[e.Position].BaseActivity.PackageName);

btnGetTask.PerformClick();

}, (s3, e3) => { });

}

else if (contentShown == 2)

{

MessageBox.Confirm(this, "提示", "确定关闭此服务吗?", (s2, e2) =>

{

am.RestartPackage(listRunningServices[e.Position].Service.PackageName);

btnGetService.PerformClick();

}, (s3, e3) => { });

}

};

}

}