android 三种定位方式

最近在看android关于定位的方式，查了很多资料，也做了相关实验，在手机上做了测试，下面总结：

一共有三种定位方式，一种是GPS，一种是通过网络的方式，一种则是在基于基站的方式，但是，不管哪种方式，都需要开启网络或者GPS

首先添加权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>

在COARSE_LOCATION是用于基站定位的时候用的，没有这个权限，在获取getCellLocation的时候报错。

第一种方式通过JASON来实现，是通过基站方式的，引用文章地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/dartagnan/archive/2011/3/9.html，下载只是实现定位的代码

/**
* Google定位的实现.<br/>
* Geolocation的详细信息请参见：<br/>
* <a
* href="http://code.google.com/apis/gears/geolocation_network_protocol.html" mce_href="http://code.google.com/apis/gears/geolocation_network_protocol.html">
* http://code.google.com/apis/gears/geolocation_network_protocol.html</a>
*/
public class LocationAct extends Activity {
private TextView txtInfo;
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
Button btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnStart);
txtInfo = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txtInfo);
btn.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View view) {
getLocation();
}
});
}
private void getLocation() {
TelephonyManager tm = (TelephonyManager) getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
GsmCellLocation gsmCell = (GsmCellLocation) tm.getCellLocation();
int cid = gsmCell.getCid();
int lac = gsmCell.getLac();
String netOperator = tm.getNetworkOperator();
int mcc = Integer.valueOf(netOperator.substring(0, 3));
int mnc = Integer.valueOf(netOperator.substring(3, 5));
JSONObject holder = new JSONObject();
JSONArray array = new JSONArray();
JSONObject data = new JSONObject();
try {
holder.put("version", "1.1.0");
holder.put("host", "maps.google.com");
holder.put("address_language", "zh_CN");
holder.put("request_address", true);
holder.put("radio_type", "gsm");
holder.put("carrier", "HTC");
data.put("cell_id", cid);
data.put("location_area_code", lac);
data.put("mobile_countyr_code", mcc);
data.put("mobile_network_code", mnc);
array.put(data);
holder.put("cell_towers", array);
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://www.google.com/loc/json");
StringEntity stringEntity = null;
try {
stringEntity = new StringEntity(holder.toString());
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);
HttpResponse httpResponse = null;
try {
httpResponse = client.execute(httpPost);
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
InputStream is = null;
try {
is = httpEntity.getContent();
} catch (IllegalStateException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is);
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(isr);
StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
try {
String result = "";
while ((result = reader.readLine()) != null) {
stringBuffer.append(result);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
txtInfo.setText(stringBuffer.toString());
}
}

第二种通过严格的GPS来定位，引用文章地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/wisekingokok/archive/2011/09/06/2168479.html，这里只引用代码

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private LocationManager locationManager;
private GpsStatus gpsstatus;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);

//获取到LocationManager对象
locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(LOCATION_SERVICE);

//根据设置的Criteria对象，获取最符合此标准的provider对象
String currentProvider = locationManager.getProvider(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER).getName();

//根据当前provider对象获取最后一次位置信息
Location currentLocation = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(currentProvider);
//如果位置信息为null，则请求更新位置信息
if(currentLocation == null){
locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(currentProvider, 0, 0, locationListener);
}
//增加GPS状态监听器
locationManager.addGpsStatusListener(gpsListener);

//直到获得最后一次位置信息为止，如果未获得最后一次位置信息，则显示默认经纬度
//每隔10秒获取一次位置信息
while(true){
currentLocation = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(currentProvider);
if(currentLocation != null){
Log.d("Location", "Latitude: " + currentLocation.getLatitude());
Log.d("Location", "location: " + currentLocation.getLongitude());
break;
}else{
Log.d("Location", "Latitude: " + 0);
Log.d("Location", "location: " + 0);
}
try {
Thread.sleep(10000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
Log.e("Location", e.getMessage());
}
}
}

private GpsStatus.Listener gpsListener = new GpsStatus.Listener(){
//GPS状态发生变化时触发
@Override
public void onGpsStatusChanged(int event) {
//获取当前状态
gpsstatus=locationManager.getGpsStatus(null);
switch(event){
//第一次定位时的事件
case GpsStatus.GPS_EVENT_FIRST_FIX:
break;
//开始定位的事件
case GpsStatus.GPS_EVENT_STARTED:
break;
//发送GPS卫星状态事件
case GpsStatus.GPS_EVENT_SATELLITE_STATUS:
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "GPS_EVENT_SATELLITE_STATUS", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
Iterable<GpsSatellite> allSatellites = gpsstatus.getSatellites();
Iterator<GpsSatellite> it=allSatellites.iterator();
int count = 0;
while(it.hasNext())
{
count++;
}
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Satellite Count:" + count, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
//停止定位事件
case GpsStatus.GPS_EVENT_STOPPED:
Log.d("Location", "GPS_EVENT_STOPPED");
break;
}
}
};

//创建位置监听器
private LocationListener locationListener = new LocationListener(){
//位置发生改变时调用
@Override
public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
Log.d("Location", "onLocationChanged");
}

//provider失效时调用
@Override
public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {
Log.d("Location", "onProviderDisabled");
}

//provider启用时调用
@Override
public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {
Log.d("Location", "onProviderEnabled");
}

//状态改变时调用
@Override
public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {
Log.d("Location", "onStatusChanged");
}
};
}

第三种主要是通过网络的方式来定位，引用文章地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/wisekingokok/archive/2011/09/05/2167755.html，这里只写代码

package com.test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.location.Address;
import android.location.Criteria;
import android.location.Geocoder;
import android.location.Location;
import android.location.LocationListener;
import android.location.LocationManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);

//获取到LocationManager对象
LocationManager locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(LOCATION_SERVICE);
//创建一个Criteria对象
Criteria criteria = new Criteria();
//设置粗略精确度
criteria.setAccuracy(Criteria.ACCURACY_COARSE);
//设置是否需要返回海拔信息
criteria.setAltitudeRequired(false);
//设置是否需要返回方位信息
criteria.setBearingRequired(false);
//设置是否允许付费服务
criteria.setCostAllowed(true);
//设置电量消耗等级
criteria.setPowerRequirement(Criteria.POWER_HIGH);
//设置是否需要返回速度信息
criteria.setSpeedRequired(false);

//根据设置的Criteria对象，获取最符合此标准的provider对象
String currentProvider = locationManager.getBestProvider(criteria, true);
Log.d("Location", "currentProvider: " + currentProvider);
//根据当前provider对象获取最后一次位置信息
Location currentLocation = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(currentProvider);
//如果位置信息为null，则请求更新位置信息
if(currentLocation == null){
locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(currentProvider, 0, 0, locationListener);
}
//直到获得最后一次位置信息为止，如果未获得最后一次位置信息，则显示默认经纬度
//每隔10秒获取一次位置信息
while(true){
currentLocation = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(currentProvider);
if(currentLocation != null){
Log.d("Location", "Latitude: " + currentLocation.getLatitude());
Log.d("Location", "location: " + currentLocation.getLongitude());
break;
}else{
Log.d("Location", "Latitude: " + 0);
Log.d("Location", "location: " + 0);
}
try {
Thread.sleep(10000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
Log.e("Location", e.getMessage());
}
}

//解析地址并显示
Geocoder geoCoder = new Geocoder(this);
try {
int latitude = (int) currentLocation.getLatitude();
int longitude = (int) currentLocation.getLongitude();
List<Address> list = geoCoder.getFromLocation(latitude, longitude, 2);
for(int i=0; i<list.size(); i++){
Address address = list.get(i);
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, address.getCountryName() + address.getAdminArea() + address.getFeatureName(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,e.getMessage(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}

}

//创建位置监听器
private LocationListener locationListener = new LocationListener(){
//位置发生改变时调用
@Override
public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
Log.d("Location", "onLocationChanged");
Log.d("Location", "onLocationChanged Latitude" + location.getLatitude());
Log.d("Location", "onLocationChanged location" + location.getLongitude());
}

//provider失效时调用
@Override
public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {
Log.d("Location", "onProviderDisabled");
}

//provider启用时调用
@Override
public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {
Log.d("Location", "onProviderEnabled");
}

//状态改变时调用
@Override
public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {
Log.d("Location", "onStatusChanged");
}
};
}