分布式搜索Elasticsearch——QueryBuilders.multiMatchQuery

注：该文项目基础为分布式搜索Elasticsearch——项目过程（一）和分布式搜索Elasticsearch——项目过程（二），项目骨架可至这里下载。

ES中对multiMatchQuery的描述如下所示：

/**
* Creates a match query with type "BOOLEAN" for the provided field name and text.
*
* @param fieldNames The field names.
* @param text The query text (to be analyzed).
*/
public static MultiMatchQueryBuilder multiMatchQuery(Object text, String... fieldNames) {
return new MultiMatchQueryBuilder(text, fieldNames); // BOOLEAN is the default
}

相对于matchQuery，multiMatchQuery针对的是多个field，也就是说，当multiMatchQuery中，fieldNames参数只有一个时，其作用与matchQuery相当；而当fieldNames有多个参数时，如field1和field2，那查询的结果中，要么field1中包含text，要么field2中包含text。

示例代码如下所示：

/**
* @author Geloin
*/
package com.geloin.esample.util;

import java.util.UUID;

import junit.framework.Assert;

import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkRequestBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders;
import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHit;
import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHits;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.geloin.esample.BaseTest;
import com.geloin.esample.entity.Person;

/**
* @author Geloin
*
*/
public class MultiMatchQueryTest extends BaseTest {

@Test
public void multiMatchQueryTest() {
try {
// 创建索引
BulkRequestBuilder builder = client.prepareBulk();

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
Person p = new Person();
p.setId(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
p.setAge(20);
p.setIsStudent(false);
p.setSex("男");
p.setName("小别克听老别克讲别克的故事");

String source = ElasticSearchUtil.BeanToJson(p);

IndexRequest request = client
.prepareIndex(index, type, p.getId()).setSource(source)
.request();

builder.add(request);
}

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
Person p = new Person();
p.setId(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
p.setAge(20);
p.setIsStudent(false);
p.setSex("男装别克");
p.setName("名字里面没有查询的关键字");

String source = ElasticSearchUtil.BeanToJson(p);

IndexRequest request = client
.prepareIndex(index, type, p.getId()).setSource(source)
.request();

builder.add(request);
}

BulkResponse response = builder.execute().actionGet();

if (response.hasFailures()) {
Assert.fail("创建索引失败！");
}

String text = "别克";
// 检索
QueryBuilder qb = QueryBuilders
.multiMatchQuery(text, "name", "sex");
SearchResponse sResponse = client.prepareSearch(index)
.setTypes(type).setQuery(qb).setFrom(0).setSize(12)
.execute().actionGet();

SearchHits hits = sResponse.getHits();
if (null != hits && hits.totalHits() > 0) {
for (SearchHit hit : hits) {
String json = hit.getSourceAsString();
Person newPerson = mapper.readValue(json, Person.class);
System.out.println("name\t\t" + newPerson.getName());
System.out.println("sex\t\t" + newPerson.getSex());
System.out.println("age\t\t" + newPerson.getAge());
System.out.println("isStudent\t\t"
+ newPerson.getIsStudent());
}
} else {
log.info("没有查询到任何结果！");
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}