微软的未来之路
2013-03-26 15:48
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1、Mongod的启动
1.1、Mongod的启动选项
Mongod有许多可配置的选项,在命令行运行mongod --help可以查看所有选项,常用的选项如下:
示例1:查看进程
[root@gflinux102 data]# ps -ef|grep -v grep |grep mongod
root 3620 2132 0 14:05 pts/1 00:00:00 mongod --port 10001 --dbpath /opt/mongo/data/ --logpath /opt/mongo/logs/mongodb.log
[root@gflinux102 data]# cat mongod.lock
3620
[root@gflinux102 data]#
示例二:查看端口号
[root@gflinux102 data]# netstat -ntlp|grep 27017
[root@gflinux102 data]# netstat -ntlp|grep 10001
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10001 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3620/mongod
[root@gflinux102 data]#
root@gflinux102 logs]# more mongodb.log
2015-02-10T14:05:14.531+0800 [initandlisten] MongoDB starting : pid=3620 port=10001 dbpath=/opt/mongo/data/ 32-bit host=gflinux102
2015-02-10T14:05:14.531+0800 [initandlisten]
2015-02-10T14:05:14.531+0800 [initandlisten] ** NOTE: This is a 32 bit MongoDB binary.
2015-02-10T14:05:14.531+0800 [initandlisten] ** 32 bit builds are limited to less than 2GB of data (or less with --journal).
2015-02-10T14:05:14.531+0800 [initandlisten] ** Note that journaling defaults to off for 32 bit and is currently off.
2015-02-10T14:05:14.531+0800 [initandlisten] ** See http://dochub.mongodb.org/core/32bit 启动示例:
[root@gflinux102 bin]# mongod --port 10001 --dbpath /opt/mongo/data/ --logpath /opt/mongo/logs/mongodb.log
2015-02-10T14:05:14.516+0800
2015-02-10T14:05:14.517+0800 warning: 32-bit servers don't have journaling enabled by default. Please use --journal if you want durability.
2015-02-10T14:05:14.517+0800
在32bit下,mongod只能处理2Gb的数据,注意生产中要使用64bit的机器。
1.2MongoDB的配置文件
MongoDB支持从文件获取配置信息。当需要的配置非常多或者要自动化运维时,就会用到这个,指定配置文件可以用-f或者--config选项。
[root@gflinux102 logs]# mongod --help|grep " -f"
-f [ --config ] arg configuration file specifying additional options
[root@gflinux102 logs]#
示例:
mongod --config ~/.mongodb.conf
配置文件模板如下,注意这个是手工编辑的:
[root@gflinux102 bin]# mongod -f /opt/mongo/data/mongod.conf
2015-02-10T15:06:28.199+0800
2015-02-10T15:06:28.200+0800 warning: 32-bit servers don't have journaling enabled by default. Please use --journal if you want durability.
2015-02-10T15:06:28.200+0800
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 3854
child process started successfully, parent exiting
[root@gflinux102 data]# vi mongod.conf
注意:命令行中哪些如--fork的开关选项,其值要设为true。
1.3、停止MongoDB
1.3.1前台进程运行在中断
如果服务器进程作为前台进程运行在终端,直接CTL-C。
1.3.2kill杀死
[root@gflinux102 bin]# ps -ef|grep -v grep |grep mongod
root 3854 1 0 15:06 ? 00:00:00 mongod -f /opt/mongo/data/mongod.conf
或者这样查看pid:
[root@gflinux102 bin]# cat /opt/mongo/data/mongod.lock
3854
杀死进程:
[root@gflinux102 bin]# kill `cat /opt/mongo/data/mongod.lock` (SIGTERM)
[root@gflinux102 bin]# kill -2 `cat /opt/mongo/data/mongod.lock` (SIGINT)
当mongod收到SIGINT或者SIGTERM时,会稳妥退出,即会等到当前运行的操作或者文件预分配完成(需要一些时间),关闭所有打开的连接,将缓存的数据刷新到磁盘,最后停止。
【禁止】:千万不要向运行中的mongodb发送SIGKILL(kill -9),这样会导致数据库直接关闭,可能会使数据文件损坏。
1.3.3使用shutdown命令
使用shutdown命令,{"shutdown":1}。这要在admin数据库下使用,shell提供了辅助函数,来简化这一过程。
[root@gflinux102 bin]# mongo localhost:10001
MongoDB shell version: 2.6.6
connecting to: localhost:10001/test
Server has startup warnings:
2015-02-10T15:37:43.973+0800 [initandlisten]
2015-02-10T15:37:43.973+0800 [initandlisten] ** NOTE: This is a 32 bit MongoDB binary.
2015-02-10T15:37:43.973+0800 [initandlisten] ** 32 bit builds are limited to less than 2GB of data (or less with --journal).
2015-02-10T15:37:43.973+0800 [initandlisten] ** Note that journaling defaults to off for 32 bit and is currently off.
2015-02-10T15:37:43.973+0800 [initandlisten] ** See http://dochub.mongodb.org/core/32bit 2015-02-10T15:37:43.973+0800 [initandlisten]
> show dbs
admin (empty)
local 0.078GB
> use admin
switched to db admin
> db.shutdownServer()
2015-02-10T15:39:04.616+0800 DBClientCursor::init call() failed
server should be down...
2015-02-10T15:39:04.624+0800 trying reconnect to localhost:10001 (127.0.0.1) failed
2015-02-10T15:39:04.626+0800 warning: Failed to connect to 127.0.0.1:10001, reason: errno:111 Connection refused
2015-02-10T15:39:04.627+0800 reconnect localhost:10001 (127.0.0.1) failed failed couldn't connect to server localhost:10001 (127.0.0.1), connection attempt failed
1.1、Mongod的启动选项
Mongod有许多可配置的选项,在命令行运行mongod --help可以查看所有选项,常用的选项如下:
序号 | 选项 | 含义 |
1 | --dbpath | 指定数据目录,默认值是/data/db(Windows下是C:\data\db)。每个mongod进程都需要独立的数据目录,所以要是有3个mongod的实例,必须要有独立的数据目录。当mongod启动时,会在数据目录中创建mongod.lock文件,这个文件用于防止其他mongod进程使用该数据目录,其文件内容为mongod线程的pid号。 |
2 | --port | 指定服务器监听的端口号,默认的端口号是27017,是个其他进程不怎么用的端口,要是运行多个mongod的进程,则要给每个指定不同的端口号 |
3 | --fork | 以守护进程的方式运行Mongod,创建服务器进程 |
4 | --logpath | 指定日志输出路径,而不是输出到命令行,如果对文件夹有写权限的话,系统会在文件不存在时创建它。它将覆盖已有文件,清除所有原来的日志记录,如果想保留原来的日志,还需使用--logappend选项。 |
5 | --config | 指定配置文件,加载命令行未指定的各种选项。 |
6 | --httpinterface | 启用http接口 |
[root@gflinux102 data]# ps -ef|grep -v grep |grep mongod
root 3620 2132 0 14:05 pts/1 00:00:00 mongod --port 10001 --dbpath /opt/mongo/data/ --logpath /opt/mongo/logs/mongodb.log
[root@gflinux102 data]# cat mongod.lock
3620
[root@gflinux102 data]#
示例二:查看端口号
[root@gflinux102 data]# netstat -ntlp|grep 27017
[root@gflinux102 data]# netstat -ntlp|grep 10001
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10001 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3620/mongod
[root@gflinux102 data]#
root@gflinux102 logs]# more mongodb.log
2015-02-10T14:05:14.531+0800 [initandlisten] MongoDB starting : pid=3620 port=10001 dbpath=/opt/mongo/data/ 32-bit host=gflinux102
2015-02-10T14:05:14.531+0800 [initandlisten]
2015-02-10T14:05:14.531+0800 [initandlisten] ** NOTE: This is a 32 bit MongoDB binary.
2015-02-10T14:05:14.531+0800 [initandlisten] ** 32 bit builds are limited to less than 2GB of data (or less with --journal).
2015-02-10T14:05:14.531+0800 [initandlisten] ** Note that journaling defaults to off for 32 bit and is currently off.
2015-02-10T14:05:14.531+0800 [initandlisten] ** See http://dochub.mongodb.org/core/32bit 启动示例:
[root@gflinux102 bin]# mongod --port 10001 --dbpath /opt/mongo/data/ --logpath /opt/mongo/logs/mongodb.log
2015-02-10T14:05:14.516+0800
2015-02-10T14:05:14.517+0800 warning: 32-bit servers don't have journaling enabled by default. Please use --journal if you want durability.
2015-02-10T14:05:14.517+0800
在32bit下,mongod只能处理2Gb的数据,注意生产中要使用64bit的机器。
1.2MongoDB的配置文件
MongoDB支持从文件获取配置信息。当需要的配置非常多或者要自动化运维时,就会用到这个,指定配置文件可以用-f或者--config选项。
[root@gflinux102 logs]# mongod --help|grep " -f"
-f [ --config ] arg configuration file specifying additional options
[root@gflinux102 logs]#
示例:
mongod --config ~/.mongodb.conf
配置文件模板如下,注意这个是手工编辑的:
[root@gflinux102 bin]# mongod -f /opt/mongo/data/mongod.conf
2015-02-10T15:06:28.199+0800
2015-02-10T15:06:28.200+0800 warning: 32-bit servers don't have journaling enabled by default. Please use --journal if you want durability.
2015-02-10T15:06:28.200+0800
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 3854
child process started successfully, parent exiting
[root@gflinux102 data]# vi mongod.conf
# Start MongoDB as a daemon on port 10001port = 10001fork = truelogappend = truedbpath = /opt/mongo/datalogpath = /opt/mongo/logs/mongodb.log |
1.3、停止MongoDB
1.3.1前台进程运行在中断
如果服务器进程作为前台进程运行在终端,直接CTL-C。
1.3.2kill杀死
[root@gflinux102 bin]# ps -ef|grep -v grep |grep mongod
root 3854 1 0 15:06 ? 00:00:00 mongod -f /opt/mongo/data/mongod.conf
或者这样查看pid:
[root@gflinux102 bin]# cat /opt/mongo/data/mongod.lock
3854
杀死进程:
[root@gflinux102 bin]# kill `cat /opt/mongo/data/mongod.lock` (SIGTERM)
[root@gflinux102 bin]# kill -2 `cat /opt/mongo/data/mongod.lock` (SIGINT)
当mongod收到SIGINT或者SIGTERM时,会稳妥退出,即会等到当前运行的操作或者文件预分配完成(需要一些时间),关闭所有打开的连接,将缓存的数据刷新到磁盘,最后停止。
【禁止】:千万不要向运行中的mongodb发送SIGKILL(kill -9),这样会导致数据库直接关闭,可能会使数据文件损坏。
1.3.3使用shutdown命令
使用shutdown命令,{"shutdown":1}。这要在admin数据库下使用,shell提供了辅助函数,来简化这一过程。
[root@gflinux102 bin]# mongo localhost:10001
MongoDB shell version: 2.6.6
connecting to: localhost:10001/test
Server has startup warnings:
2015-02-10T15:37:43.973+0800 [initandlisten]
2015-02-10T15:37:43.973+0800 [initandlisten] ** NOTE: This is a 32 bit MongoDB binary.
2015-02-10T15:37:43.973+0800 [initandlisten] ** 32 bit builds are limited to less than 2GB of data (or less with --journal).
2015-02-10T15:37:43.973+0800 [initandlisten] ** Note that journaling defaults to off for 32 bit and is currently off.
2015-02-10T15:37:43.973+0800 [initandlisten] ** See http://dochub.mongodb.org/core/32bit 2015-02-10T15:37:43.973+0800 [initandlisten]
> show dbs
admin (empty)
local 0.078GB
> use admin
switched to db admin
> db.shutdownServer()
2015-02-10T15:39:04.616+0800 DBClientCursor::init call() failed
server should be down...
2015-02-10T15:39:04.624+0800 trying reconnect to localhost:10001 (127.0.0.1) failed
2015-02-10T15:39:04.626+0800 warning: Failed to connect to 127.0.0.1:10001, reason: errno:111 Connection refused
2015-02-10T15:39:04.627+0800 reconnect localhost:10001 (127.0.0.1) failed failed couldn't connect to server localhost:10001 (127.0.0.1), connection attempt failed
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