[SCM]源码管理 - perforce python的使用

一 p4的API支持几乎所有的常用的语言
1）查看p4 API 主页： http://www.perforce.com/perforce/loadsupp.html#api （包含下载 和 p4script.pdf）
2）支持几乎所有的语言：
Perforce C/C++ API
Perforce Java API
Perforce Perl API
Perforce Ruby API
Perforce Python API
Perforce PHP API
Perforce Objective-C API
P4COM, a COM Interface to the Perforce C++ API for Windows

二 p4python
1）安装（以windows为例）
下载和安装python2.6；（可以安装activepython）
下载和安装p4python26；（ftp://ftp.perforce.com/perforce/r09.2/bin.ntx86/p4python26.exe）
2）安装后（C:\Python26\Lib\site-packages）
文件：P4.py + P4.pyc + P4API.pyd + P4Python-2009.2-py2.6.egg-info。其中P4API.pyd为python对p4的extension模块，里面定义了 P4API.P4Adapter可惜看不到源码，P4.py 里面包含了p4 class的定义，p4class从P4API.P4Adapter继承。
3）p4.py
在p4.py中定义了
• P4
• P4Exception
• DepotFile
• Revision
• Integration
• MergeData
• Spec
其中主要的p4 class定义如下：
import P4API

class P4(P4API.P4Adapter):
"""Use this class to communicate with a Perforce server

Instances of P4 will use the environment settings (including P4CONFIG)
to determine the connection parameters such as P4CLIENT and P4PORT.

This attributes can also be set separately before connecting.

To run any Perforce commands, users of this class first need to run
the connect() method.

It is good practice to disconnect() after the program is complete.
"""
# Constants useful for exception_level
# RAISE_ALL: Errors and Warnings are raised as exceptions (default)
# RAISE_ERROR: Only Errors are raised as exceptions
# RAISE_NONE: No exceptions are raised, instead False is returned

RAISE_ALL = 2
RAISE_ERROR = 1
RAISE_NONE = 0

def __init__(self, *args, **kwlist):
P4API.P4Adapter.__init__(self, *args, **kwlist)

def __del__(self):
if self.debug > 3:
print >>sys.stderr, "P4.__del__()"

# store the references to the created lambdas as a weakref to allow Python
# to clean up the garbage. |The lambda as a closure stores a reference to self
# which causes a circular reference problem without the weakref

def __getattr__(self, name):
if name.startswith("run_"):
cmd = name[len("run_"):]
return lambda *args: self.run(cmd, *args)
elif name.startswith("delete_"):
cmd = name[len("delete_"):]
return lambda *args: self.run(cmd, "-d", *args)
elif name.startswith("fetch_"):
cmd = name[len("fetch_"):]
return lambda *args: self.run(cmd, "-o", *args)[0]
elif name.startswith("save_"):
cmd = name[len("save_"):]
return lambda *args: self.__save(cmd, *args)
elif name.startswith("parse_"):
cmd = name[len("parse_"):]
return lambda *args: self.parse_spec(cmd, *args)
elif name.startswith("format_"):
cmd = name[len("format_"):]
return lambda *args: self.format_spec(cmd, *args)
else:
raise AttributeError, name

def __save(self, cmd, *args):
self.input = args[0]
return self.run(cmd, "-i", args[1:])

def __repr__(self):
state = "disconnected"
if self.connected():
state = "connected"

return "P4 [%s@%s %s] %s" % \
(self.user, self.client, self.port, state)

def identify(cls):
return P4API.identify()
identify = classmethod(identify)

def run(self, *args):
"Generic run method"
return P4API.P4Adapter.run(self, *self.__flatten(args))

def run_submit(self, *args):
"Simplified submit - if any arguments is a dict, assume it to be the changeform"
nargs = list(args)
form = None
for n, arg in enumerate(nargs):
if isinstance( arg, dict):
self.input = arg
nargs.pop(n)
nargs.append("-i")
break
return self.run("submit", *nargs)

def run_login(self, *args):
"Simple interface to make login easier"
self.input = self.password
return self.run("login", *args)

def run_password( self, oldpass, newpass ):
"Simple interface to allow setting of the password"
if( oldpass and len(oldpass) > 0 ):
self.input = [ oldpass, newpass, newpass ]
else:
self.input = [ newpass, newpass ]

return self.run( "password" )

#
# run_filelog: convert "p4 filelog" responses into objects with useful
# methods
#
# Requires tagged output to be of any real use. If tagged output it not
# enabled then you just get the raw data back
#
def run_filelog( self, *args ):
raw = self.run( 'filelog', args )
if (not self.tagged):
# untagged mode returns simple strings, which breaks the code below
return raw
result = []
for h in raw:
r = None
if isinstance( h, dict ):
df = DepotFile( h[ "depotFile" ] )
for n, rev in enumerate( h[ "rev" ]):
# Create a new revision of this file ready for populating
r = df.new_revision()
# Populate the base attributes of each revision
r.rev = int( rev )
r.change = int( h[ "change" ][ n ] )
r.action = h[ "action" ][ n ]
r.type = h[ "type" ][ n ]
r.time = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp( int( h[ "time" ][ n ]) )
r.user = h[ "user" ][ n ]
r.client = h[ "client" ][ n ]
r.desc = h[ "desc" ][ n ]
if "digest" in h:
r.digest = h[ "digest" ][ n ]
if "fileSize" in h:
r.fileSize = h[ "fileSize" ][ n ]

# Now if there are any integration records for this revision,
# add them in too

if (not "how" in h) or (n >= len(h["how"]) or h["how"]
== None):
continue
else:
for m, how in enumerate( h[ "how" ][ n ] ):
file = h[ "file" ][ n ][ m ]
srev = string.lstrip(h[ "srev" ][ n ][ m ], '#')
erev = string.lstrip(h[ "erev" ][ n ][ m ], '#')

if srev == "none":
srev = 0
else:
srev = int( srev )

if erev == "none":
erev = 0
else:
erev = int( erev )

r.integration( how, file, srev, erev )
else:
r = h
result.append( df )
return result

def run_print(self, *args):
raw = self.run('print', args)
result = [raw.pop(0), ""]

for line in raw:
result[-1] += line
return result

def run_resolve(self, *args, **kargs):
myResolver = Resolver()
if "resolver" in kargs:
myResolver = kargs["resolver"]

savedResolver = self.resolver
self.resolver = myResolver
result = self.run("resolve", args)
self.resolver = savedResolver

return result

def __flatten(self, args):
result = []
if isinstance(args, tuple) or isinstance(args, list):
for i in args:
result.extend(self.__flatten(i))
else:
result.append(args)
return tuple(result)

def __enter__( self ):
return self

def __exit__( self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb ):
if self.connected():
self.disconnect()
return True

def connect( self ):
P4API.P4Adapter.connect( self )
return self

@contextmanager
def while_tagged( self, t ):
old = self.tagged
self.tagged = t
yield
self.tagged = old

@contextmanager
def at_exception_level( self, e ):
old = self.exception_level
self.exception_level = e
yield
self.exception_level = old

@contextmanager
def saved_context( self , **kargs):
"""Saves the context of this p4 object and restores it again at the end of the block"""

saved_context = {}
for attr in self.__members__:
saved_context[attr] = getattr(self, attr)

for (k,v) in kargs.items():
setattr( self, k, v)

yield

# now restore the context again. Ignore AttributeError exception
# Exception is expected because some attributes only have getters, no setters

for (k,v) in saved_context.items():
try:
setattr( self, k, v )
except AttributeError:
pass # expected for server_level and p4config_file
三 实例
1）p4info.py
from P4 import P4,P4Exception

p4 = P4()
p4.port = "localhost:1666"
p4.user = "AAA"
p4.password = "aaa"
p4.client = "TestProject_AAA"

try:
p4.connect()
info = p4.run("info")
for key in info[0]:
print key, "=", info[0][key]
p4.disconnect()
except P4Exception:
for e in p4.errors:
print e 结果：



2）p4sync.py
from P4 import P4, P4Exception

p4 = P4()
p4.port = "localhost:1666"
p4.user = "AAA"
p4.password = "aaa"
p4.client = "TestProject_AAA"

try:
p4.connect()
p4.exception_level = 1 # ignore "File(s) up-to-date"
files = p4.run_sync()
for file in files:
for key in file.keys():
print key,":",file[key]
print "----------"
except P4Exception:
for e in p4.errors:
print e
finally:
p4.disconnect() 结果：



3）p4submit.py
from P4 import P4

p4 = P4()
p4.host = "localhost"
p4.port = "1666"
p4.user = "AAA"
p4.password = "aaa"
p4.client = "TestProject_AAA"

p4.connect()
changeSpec = p4.run_change( "-o" )
change = changeSpec[0]
change["Description"] = "Autosubmitted changelist"

p4.run_edit("//depot/TestProject/addfile.txt")

change["Files"] = ["//depot/TestProject/addfile.txt"]
p4.input = change
p4.run_submit( "-i" )
p4.disconnect()
所有的p4 command 都可以使用p4.run_command()或p4.run(command)来调用。

四 超级详细的帮助文档： http://www.perforce.com/perforce/doc.current/manuals/p4script/03_python.html 完！