数据导入导出 expdp/impdp
2013-03-23 14:05
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expdp/impdp使用限制： 1.Data Pump Import will not work with databases that are older than the Oracle Database 10g Release 1 (10.1) version. 2.Also note that the new Data Pump technology lets you export data only to disk. You cannot use a tape drive when performing a Data Pump export.1.创建dump directory 3.is a server-side infrastructure for fast data movement between Oracle databases。 优点： 提高速度，特别使用并行技术，很大的提高速度。 不同平台之间oracle 数据库 导入。 [oracle@julia01 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Mar 23 07:31:42 2013 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. SQL> conn /as sysdba Connected. SQL> create or replace directory expdir as '/u01/backup/' 2 ; Directory created. 2.赋予权限给impdp/expdp操作的用户 SQL> grant read,write on directory expdir to scott; Grant succeeded. 3.导出一个schema下的所有对象 [oracle@julia01 backup]$ expdp scott/julia033 dumpfile=scott.dmp directory=expdir; Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Mar 23 07:35:27 2013 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options FLASHBACK automatically enabled to preserve database integrity. Starting "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01": scott/******** dumpfile=scott.dmp directory=expdir Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method... Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 18 MB Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS . . exported "SCOTT"."TT" 6.986 MB 72135 rows . . exported "SCOTT"."TT_RECOV" 6.994 MB 72234 rows Master table "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded ****************************************************************************** Dump file set for SCOTT.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is: /u01/backup/scott.dmp Job "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at 07:36:08
按照查询条件导出：
scott/tiger@orcl directory=dpdata1 dumpfile=expdp.dmp Tables=emp query='WHERE deptno=20';
按照表空间导出：
expdp system/manager DIRECTORY=dpdata1 DUMPFILE=tablespace.dmp TABLESPACES=temp；
导出整个数据库：
expdp system/julia033 directory=expdir dumpfile=full_%U.dump full=yes
获取帮助文档
expdp help=y or impdp help=y
expdp排除部分对象的导出：
exclude:排除特定的对象类型，例如exclude=table:emp
注意：
"
,
(
前面都要加\,才可以在linux下。
写文档的人，该炒鱿鱼了。
expdp scott/julia033 dumpfile=dump%U directory=expdir exclude=table:\"IN\(\'TEST\'\)\"
Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Mar 23 20:33:04 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
FLASHBACK automatically enabled to preserve database integrity.
Starting "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01": scott/******** dumpfile=dump%U directory=expdir exclude=table:"IN('TEST')"
Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 18 MB
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS
. . exported "SCOTT"."TT" 6.986 MB 72135 rows
. . exported "SCOTT"."TT_RECOV" 6.994 MB 72234 rows
Master table "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
******************************************************************************
Dump file set for SCOTT.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is:
/u01/backup/dump01.dmp
Job "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at 20:33:28
[oracle@julia01 ~]$ expdp scott/julia033 dumpfile=dump_%U directory=expdir include=table:\"IN\(\'TEST\'\)\"
Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Mar 23 20:34:28 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
FLASHBACK automatically enabled to preserve database integrity.
Starting "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01": scott/******** dumpfile=dump_%U directory=expdir include=table:"IN('TEST')"
Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 7 MB
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
. . exported "SCOTT"."TEST" 5.450 MB 55627 rows
Master table "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
******************************************************************************
Dump file set for SCOTT.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is:
/u01/backup/dump_01.dmp
Job "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at 20:34:34把参数写到参数文件里
[oracle@julia01 ~]$ more parfile.par
DIRECTORY = expdir
DUMPFILE = exp_scott_%U.dmp
LOGFILE = exp_scott.log
SCHEMAS = scott
PARALLEL= 2
EXCLUDE = TABLE:"IN ('EMP', 'DEPT')" -------如果是写在参数文件里，就不需要在‘ “ ）前加转义字符。expdp \'/as sysdba \' parfile=parfile.par
EXCLUDE=SEQUENCE,VIEW --过滤所有的SEQUENCE,VIEW
EXCLUDE=TABLE:"IN ('EMP','DEPT')" --过滤表对象EMP,DEPT
EXCLUDE=SEQUENCE,VIEW,TABLE:"IN ('EMP','DEPT')" --过滤所有的SEQUENCE,VIEW以及表对象EMP,DEPT
EXCLUDE=INDEX:"= 'INDX_NAME'" --过滤指定的索引对象INDX_NAME
INCLUDE=PROCEDURE:"LIKE 'PROC_U%'" --包含以PROC_U开头的所有存储过程(_ 符号代表任意单个字符)
INCLUDE=TABLE:"> 'E' " --包含大于字符E的所有表对象
其它常用操作符 NOT IN, NOT LIKE, <, != 等等
直接将过滤操作符封装到参数文件中，如下面的例子
Parameter file:exp_scott.par
DIRECTORY = dump_scott
DUMPFILE = exp_scott_%U.dmp
LOGFILE = exp_scott.log
SCHEMAS = scott
PARALLEL= 2
EXCLUDE = TABLE:"IN ('EMP', 'DEPT')"
导出数据：
按照用户导出：
expdp \'/ as sysdba\' schemas=scott dumpfile=scottschedmas.all_%U.dmp directory=expdir ;按照查询条件导出：
scott/tiger@orcl directory=dpdata1 dumpfile=expdp.dmp Tables=emp query='WHERE deptno=20';
按照表空间导出：
expdp system/manager DIRECTORY=dpdata1 DUMPFILE=tablespace.dmp TABLESPACES=temp；
导出整个数据库：
expdp system/julia033 directory=expdir dumpfile=full_%U.dump full=yes
导入数据：
导入到指定用户下：
[oracle@julia01 backup]$ impdp \'/as sysdba\' directory=expdir dumpfile=scott.test_01.dump remap_schema=scott:julia Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Mar 24 02:37:23 2013 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options Master table "SYS"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" successfully loaded/unloaded Starting "SYS"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01": "/******** AS SYSDB b638 A" directory=expdir dumpfile=scott.test_01.dump remap_schema=scott:julia Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA . . imported "JULIA"."TEST" 5.450 MB 55627 rows Job "SYS"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" successfully completed at 02:37:25
在不同的数据库之间移动表空间。要确保两个数据库之间的字符编码要一样
传输表空间
http://blog.csdn.net/juliaputao/article/details/8728304
SQL> / PLATFORM_ID PLATFORM_NAME ENDIAN_FORMAT ----------- ------------------------------ -------------- 1 Solaris[tm] OE (32-bit) Big 2 Solaris[tm] OE (64-bit) Big 3 HP-UX (64-bit) Big 4 HP-UX IA (64-bit) Big 5 HP Tru64 UNIX Little 6 AIX-Based Systems (64-bit) Big 7 Microsoft Windows IA (32-bit) Little 8 Microsoft Windows IA (64-bit) Little 9 IBM zSeries Based Linux Big 10 Linux IA (32-bit) Little 11 Linux IA (64-bit) Little PLATFORM_ID PLATFORM_NAME ENDIAN_FORMAT ----------- ------------------------------ -------------- 12 Microsoft Windows x86 64-bit Little 13 Linux x86 64-bit Little 15 HP Open VMS Little 16 Apple Mac OS Big 17 Solaris Operating System (x86) Little 18 IBM Power Based Linux Big 19 HP IA Open VMS Little 20 Solaris Operating System (x86- Little 64) 21 Apple Mac OS (x86-64) Little 20 rows selected. SQL> l 1* select * from v$transportable_platform order by platform_id SQL>
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