从 dll 程序集中动态加载窗体

转载：http://www.cnblogs.com/Infinity/archive/2006/10/26/540347.html 感谢原作者。

昨天晚上花了一晚上时间写了一个从程序集中动态加载窗体的程序．将任何包含窗体的代码编译成 dll 文件，再把 dll 文件拷贝到本程序的目录下，本程序运行时即可动态检查到 dll 文件中的窗体，将窗体类的类型在程序菜单中显示出来，点击菜单即可运行对应的窗体．

　　本程序主要用到了 Assembly 类动态加载程序集，再得到程序集中包含类的 Type 类型，动态生成类实例，动态调用类方法．个人觉得这是一种提供高度松耦合，可随意扩展的程序结构框架，希望和大家探讨一下这种框架的应用前景！

　　关键性代码如下：


using System;


using System.Drawing;


using System.IO;


using System.Reflection;


using System.Collections;


using System.ComponentModel;


using System.Windows.Forms;


using System.Data;




namespace WindowsFormTest






{





/**////
<summary>



/// Form1 的摘要说明。



///
</summary>



public class FrmMain : System.Windows.Forms.Form






{



private
int formNum;



private ArrayList formTypes =
new ArrayList();



private ArrayList formObjects =
new ArrayList();





private System.Windows.Forms.MainMenu mnuMain;



private System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem mnuItmRun;



private System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem mnuItemWindow;



private System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem mnuItmHelp;



private System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem mnuItmCascade;



private System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem mnuItmTileHorizontal;



private System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem mnuItmTileVertical;



private System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem menuItem1;



private System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem mnuItmAbout;



private System.Windows.Forms.StatusBar staBarMain;



private System.Windows.Forms.StatusBarPanel pnlInfo;



private System.Windows.Forms.StatusBarPanel pnlNum;





/**////
<summary>



/// 必需的设计器变量。



///
</summary>



private System.ComponentModel.Container components =
null;





public FrmMain()






{



//



// Windows 窗体设计器支持所必需的



//


InitializeComponent();





//



// TODO: 在 InitializeComponent 调用后添加任何构造函数代码



//


}







/**////
<summary>



/// 清理所有正在使用的资源。



///
</summary>



protected
override void Dispose(
bool disposing )






{



if( disposing )






{



if (components !=
null)






{


components.Dispose();


}


}



base.Dispose( disposing );


}







Windows 窗体设计器生成的代码#region Windows 窗体设计器生成的代码





/**////
<summary>



/// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代码编辑器修改



/// 此方法的内容。



///
</summary>



private
void InitializeComponent()






{



this.mnuMain =
new System.Windows.Forms.MainMenu();



this.mnuItmRun =
new System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem();



this.mnuItemWindow =
new System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem();



this.mnuItmCascade =
new System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem();



this.mnuItmTileHorizontal =
new System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem();



this.mnuItmTileVertical =
new System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem();



this.menuItem1 =
new System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem();



this.mnuItmHelp =
new System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem();



this.mnuItmAbout =
new System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem();



this.staBarMain =
new System.Windows.Forms.StatusBar();



this.pnlInfo =
new System.Windows.Forms.StatusBarPanel();



this.pnlNum =
new System.Windows.Forms.StatusBarPanel();


((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)(this.pnlInfo)).BeginInit();


((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)(this.pnlNum)).BeginInit();



this.SuspendLayout();



//



// mnuMain



//





this.mnuMain.MenuItems.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem[]


{



this.mnuItmRun,



this.mnuItemWindow,



this.mnuItmHelp});



//



// mnuItmRun



//



this.mnuItmRun.Index = 0;



this.mnuItmRun.Text = "运行窗体(&R)";



//



// mnuItemWindow



//



this.mnuItemWindow.Index = 1;





this.mnuItemWindow.MenuItems.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem[]


{



this.mnuItmCascade,



this.mnuItmTileHorizontal,



this.mnuItmTileVertical,



this.menuItem1});



this.mnuItemWindow.Text = "窗口(&W)";



//



// mnuItmCascade



//



this.mnuItmCascade.Index = 0;



this.mnuItmCascade.Text = "层叠窗口";



this.mnuItmCascade.Click +=
new System.EventHandler(this.mnuItmCascade_Click);



//



// mnuItmTileHorizontal



//



this.mnuItmTileHorizontal.Index = 1;



this.mnuItmTileHorizontal.Text = "横向平铺窗口";



this.mnuItmTileHorizontal.Click +=
new System.EventHandler(this.mnuItmTileHorizontal_Click);



//



// mnuItmTileVertical



//



this.mnuItmTileVertical.Index = 2;



this.mnuItmTileVertical.Text = "纵向平铺窗口";



this.mnuItmTileVertical.Click +=
new System.EventHandler(this.mnuItmTileVertical_Click);



//



// menuItem1



//



this.menuItem1.Index = 3;



this.menuItem1.Text = "-";



//



// mnuItmHelp



//



this.mnuItmHelp.Index = 2;





this.mnuItmHelp.MenuItems.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem[]


{



this.mnuItmAbout});



this.mnuItmHelp.Text = "帮助(&H)";



//



// mnuItmAbout



//



this.mnuItmAbout.Index = 0;



this.mnuItmAbout.Shortcut = System.Windows.Forms.Shortcut.F1;



this.mnuItmAbout.Text = "关于(&A)";



this.mnuItmAbout.Click +=
new System.EventHandler(this.mnuItmAbout_Click);



//



// staBarMain



//



this.staBarMain.Location =
new System.Drawing.Point(0, 343);



this.staBarMain.Name = "staBarMain";





this.staBarMain.Panels.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.StatusBarPanel[]


{



this.pnlInfo,



this.pnlNum});



this.staBarMain.ShowPanels =
true;



this.staBarMain.Size =
new System.Drawing.Size(584, 22);



this.staBarMain.TabIndex = 1;



//



// pnlInfo



//



this.pnlInfo.Width = 300;



//



// pnlNum



//



this.pnlNum.AutoSize = System.Windows.Forms.StatusBarPanelAutoSize.Spring;



this.pnlNum.Width = 268;



//



// FrmMain



//



this.AutoScaleBaseSize =
new System.Drawing.Size(6, 14);



this.ClientSize =
new System.Drawing.Size(584, 365);



this.Controls.Add(this.staBarMain);



this.IsMdiContainer =
true;



this.Menu =
this.mnuMain;



this.Name = "FrmMain";



this.StartPosition = System.Windows.Forms.FormStartPosition.CenterScreen;



this.Text = "动态加载窗体";



this.Load +=
new System.EventHandler(this.FrmMain_Load);


((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)(this.pnlInfo)).EndInit();


((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)(this.pnlNum)).EndInit();



this.ResumeLayout(false);




}



#endregion





private
void FrmMain_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)






{


Assembly assembly =
null;



string windowsPath = Path.Combine(Application.StartupPath, "Windows");





foreach (string dllFile
in Directory.GetFiles(windowsPath, "*.dll"))






{


assembly = Assembly.LoadFile(dllFile);


Type[] types = assembly.GetTypes();





foreach (Type t
in types)






{



if (t.BaseType ==
typeof(Form))






{



this.formTypes.Add(t);


MenuItem item =
this.mnuItmRun.MenuItems.Add(t.FullName);


item.Click +=
new EventHandler(menuItemNewItem_Click);


}


}


}


}





private
void menuItemNewItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)






{


MenuItem item = (MenuItem)sender;




Type t = (Type)(this.formTypes[item.Index]);




Object obj = Activator.CreateInstance(t);



this.formObjects.Add(obj);


formNum += 1;







t.InvokeMember("MdiParent", BindingFlags.SetProperty,
null, obj, new
object[]


{this});





t.InvokeMember("Text", BindingFlags.SetProperty,
null, obj, new
object[]


{t.FullName+" 窗体："+formNum});





t.InvokeMember ("Show", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod,
null, obj, new
object []


{});




((Form)obj).Closing +=
new CancelEventHandler(FrmWindow_Closing);


((Form)obj).Activated +=
new EventHandler(FrmWindow_Activated);


MenuItem menuItem =
this.mnuItemWindow.MenuItems.Add(((Form)obj).Text);


menuItem.Click +=
new EventHandler(menuItemWindow_Click);





this.pnlNum.Text = "当前装载了"+this.formObjects.Count+"个窗体";



this.pnlInfo.Text = "当前活动窗体："+this.ActiveMdiChild.Text;


}





private
void menuItemWindow_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)






{


MenuItem item = (MenuItem)sender;




((Form)(this.formObjects[item.Index-4])).Activate();





this.pnlNum.Text = "当前装载了"+this.formObjects.Count+"个窗体";



this.pnlInfo.Text = "当前活动窗体："+this.ActiveMdiChild.Text;


}





private
void FrmWindow_Activated(object sender, System.EventArgs e)






{



this.pnlNum.Text = "当前装载了"+this.formObjects.Count+"个窗体";



this.pnlInfo.Text = "当前活动窗体："+this.ActiveMdiChild.Text;


}





private
void FrmWindow_Closing(object sender, System.ComponentModel.CancelEventArgs e)






{



for (int i=0; i<this.formObjects.Count; i++)






{



if (((Form)this.formObjects[i]).Text == ((Form)sender).Text)






{



this.formObjects.RemoveAt(i);



this.mnuItemWindow.MenuItems.RemoveAt(i+4);





this.pnlNum.Text = "当前装载了"+this.formObjects.Count+"个窗体";



this.pnlInfo.Text = "当前活动窗体："+this.ActiveMdiChild.Text;



break;


}


}


}





private
void mnuItmCascade_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)






{



this.LayoutMdi(MdiLayout.Cascade);


}





private
void mnuItmTileHorizontal_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)






{



this.LayoutMdi(MdiLayout.TileHorizontal);


}





private
void mnuItmTileVertical_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)






{



this.LayoutMdi(MdiLayout.TileVertical);


}





private
void mnuItmAbout_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)






{



new FrmAbout().ShowDialog(this);


}


}


}



程序源码下载：/Files/Infinity/WindowsForm.rar

　　

　　程序截图：

单个 dll 文件包含一个窗体时：



当程序目录下的所有程序集中包含一个窗体类时，程序运行界面：



多个 dll 文件包含多个窗体时：



当程序目录下的所有程序集中包含多个窗体类时，程序运行界面：