Oracle GoldenGate安装配置

Oracle GoldenGate软件基于数据库日志结构变化，通过解析源端在线日志或归档日志获得数据增量，再将这些变化应用到目标数据库，从而实现源库和目标库的数据同步。下面通过一个简单的示例，详细介绍利用GoldenGate实现Oracle数据库之间的同步。基本架构如下图所示： 1. 安装1.1 下载介质GoldenGate的安装介质可以从Oracle的官网上下载。http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/middleware/goldengate/downloads/index.html 1.2 配置GoldenGate用户下载完成后将其拷贝到源和目标的相应位置解压完成后，即可以开始进行配置。# useradd -g oinstall -G dba ggate# su – ggate$ mkdir /oracle/ggate$ cd /oracle/ggate$ unzip ……$tar ……$ vi ~/.bash_profile 添加如下的内容： export ORACLE_BASE=/oracleexport ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/dbexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/oracle/ggateexport GGATE=/oracle/ggate 1.3 创建目录 使用ggsci工具，创建必要的目录。$ cd /oracle/ggate$ ./ggsci Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for OracleVersion 11.1.1.0.0 Build 078Linux, x86, 32bit (optimized), Oracle 10 on Jul 282010 13:24:18Copyright (C) 1995, 2010, Oracle and/or itsaffiliates. All rights reserved.GGSCI (gridcontrol) 1> create subdirs至此，GoldenGate基本的安装完成。 注意： 此部分需要在源端和目标端完成。 2. 源数据库配置 GoldenGate主要通过抓取源端数据库重做日志进行分析，将获取的数据应用到目标端，实现数据同步。因此，为了让GoldenGate能够正常工作，源数据库需要进行一定配置。2.1 设置源库为归档模式 SQL> shutdown immediateSQL> startup mountSQL> alter database archivelog;SQL> alter database open; 2.2 开启minimal supplemental logging SQL> alter database add supplemental log data;SQL> select SUPPLEMENTAL_LOG_DATA_MIN fromv$database;SUPPLEME——–YES 2.3 关闭数据库的recyblebin SQL> alter system set recyclebin=off scope=spfile; 如果数据库是10g，需要关闭recyclebin并重启；或者手工purge recyclebin。 2.4 配置复制的DDL支持 SQL> create user ggate identified by ggate defaulttablespace users temporary tablespace temp; SQL> grant connect,resource,dba,unlimitedtablespace to ggate;SQL> grant execute on utl_file to ggate; SQL> @$GGATE/marker_setup.sql;SQL> @$GGATE/ddl_setup.sql;SQL> @$GGATE/role_setup.sql;SQL> grant GGS_GGSUSER_ROLE to ggate;SQL> @$GGATE/ddl_enable.sql; 2.5 创建源端和目标端的测试用户 sourceSQL> create user sender identified by oracledefault tablespace users temporary tablespace temp;SQL> grant connect,resource,unlimited tablespace tosender; destinationSQL> create user ggate identified by ggate defaulttablespace users temporary tablespace temp; SQL> grant connect,resource,dba,unlimitedtablespace to ggate;SQL> create user receiver identified by oracledefault tablespace users temporary tablespace temp;SQL> grant connect,resource,unlimited tablespace toreceiver; 3. 配置manager 在源端和目标端分别执行下面的步骤。 3.1 创建manager [ggate@gridcontrol gg]$ ./ggsci GGSCI (gridcontrol) 1> info all Program Status Group Lag Time Since ChkptMANAGER STOPPED GGSCI (gridcontrol) 2> edit params mgrPORT 7809ggate (gridcontrol) 3> start managerManager started. 4. 配置源端复制队列 GGSCI (gridcontrol) 1> add extract ext1, tranlog,begin nowEXTRACT added.GGSCI (gridcontrol) 2> add exttrail/oracle/ggate/dirdat/lt, extract ext1EXTTRAIL added.GGSCI (gridcontrol) 3> edit params ext1extract ext1userid ggate@testdg, password ggatetranlogoptions ASMUSER sys@+ASM,ASMPASSWORD 123456 (服务器用ASM增加此项，另listener.ora和tnsname.ora增加ASM，示例最后）rmthost centos4, mgrport 7809rmttrail /oracle/ggate/dirdat/ltddl include mapped objname sender.*;table sender.*;GGSCI (gridcontrol) 6> info allProgram Status Group Lag Time Since ChkptMANAGER STOPPEDEXTRACT STOPPED EXT1 00:00:00 00:10:55 5. 配置目标端同步队列 5.1 在目标端添加checkpoint表 [oracle@centos4 ggate]$ ./ggsciGGSCI (centos4) 1> edit params ./GLOBAL –添加下列内容GGSCHEMA ggateCHECKPOINTTABLE ggate.checkpoint GGSCI (centos4) 2> dblogin userid ggate@targetPassword:Successfully logged into database. GGSCI (centos4) 3> add checkpointtableggate.checkpointSuccessfully created checkpoint tableGGATE.CHECKPOINT.5.2 创建同步队列GGSCI (centos4) 4> add replicat rep1, exttrail/u01/app/oracle/ggate/dirdat/lt, checkpointtable ggate.checkpointREPLICAT added.GGSCI (centos4) 5> edit params rep1replicat rep1HANDLECOLLISIONSASSUMETARGETDEFSuserid ggate@testdg2, password ggatetranlogoptionsASMUSER sys@+ASM,ASMPASSWORD 123456 (客户端用ASM增加此项，另listener.ora和tnsname.ora增加ASM，示例如后）discardfile /oracle/ggate/dirdat/rep1_discard.txt,append, megabytes 10DDL INCLUDE ALLDDLERROR DEFAULT IGNORE RETRYOPmap sender.*, target receiver.*; discardfile /oracle/ggate/dirdat/rep1_discard.txt,append, megabytes 10DDL map sender.*, target receiver.*; 6. 开启同步 GGSCI (gridcontrol) 14> start extract ext1GGSCI (gridcontrol) 15> info all Program Status Group Lag Time Since Chkpt MANAGER RUNNINGEXTRACT RUNNING EXT1 00:00:00 00:00:05GGSCI (centos4) 7> start replicat rep1GGSCI (centos4) 8> info all Program Status Group Lag Time Since Chkpt MANAGER RUNNINGREPLICAT RUNNING REP1 00:00:00 00:00:00 7. 验证结果 源端： SQL> create table sender.test_tab_1 (idnumber,rnd_str varchar2(12));SQL> insert into sender.test_tab_1 values(1,'test_1');SQL> commit; 目标端： SQL> select * from receiver.test_tab_1;ID RND_STR———- ————1 test_1 listener.ora：LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS= (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oracledg)(PORT = 1521)) (ADDRESS= (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0)) ) ) ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /oracle SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = testdg1) (ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/db) (SID_NAME= tang) ) (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = +ASM) (ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/db) (SID_NAME= +ASM) ) ) tnsname.ora: +ASM = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS =(PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oracledg)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA= (SERVICE_NAME = +ASM) ) ) TESTDG1 = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS =(PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.60.60.35)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = testdg1) ) ) run { allocatechannel c1 device type disk; allocatechannel c2 device type disk; backupincremental level 0 format'/oracle/cad/db_full_%U.bkp' tag'2012-08-2-FULL' databaseplus archivelog; release channelc1; releasechannel c2; }