您的位置:首页 > 运维架构 > Linux

Linux下线程的调度策略与优先级

2013-01-30 15:25 405 查看
Linux内核的三种调度策略:1,SCHED_OTHER 分时调度策略,2,SCHED_FIFO实时调度策略,先到先服务。一旦占用cpu则一直运行。一直运行直到有更高优先级任务到达或自己放弃3,SCHED_RR实时调度策略,时间片轮转。当进程的时间片用完,系统将重新分配时间片,并置于就绪队列尾。放在队列尾保证了所有具有相同优先级的RR任务的调度公平Linux线程优先级设置首先,可以通过以下两个函数来获得线程可以设置的最高和最低优先级,函数中的策略即上述三种策略的宏定义:  int sched_get_priority_max(int policy);  int sched_get_priority_min(int policy);  SCHED_OTHER是不支持优先级使用的,而SCHED_FIFO和SCHED_RR支持优先级的使用,他们分别为1和99,数值越大优先级越高。设置和获取优先级通过以下两个函数
int pthread_attr_setschedparam(pthread_attr_t *attr, const struct sched_param *param);

  int pthread_attr_getschedparam(const pthread_attr_t *attr, struct sched_param *param);

param.sched_priority = 51; //设置优先级

系统创建线程时,默认的线程是SCHED_OTHER。所以如果我们要改变线程的调度策略的话,可以通过下面的这个函数实现。

int pthread_attr_setschedpolicy(pthread_attr_t *attr, int policy);

上面的param使用了下面的这个数据结构:
struct sched_param

{

int __sched_priority; //所要设定的线程优先级

};

我们可以通过下面的测试程序来说明,我们自己使用的系统的支持的优先级:
#include <stdio.h>

#include <pthread.h>

#include <sched.h>

#include <assert.h>

static int get_thread_policy(pthread_attr_t *attr)

{

int policy;

int rs = pthread_attr_getschedpolicy(attr,&policy);

assert(rs==0);

switch(policy)

{

case SCHED_FIFO:

printf("policy= SCHED_FIFO\n");

break;

case SCHED_RR:

printf("policy= SCHED_RR");

break;

case SCHED_OTHER:

printf("policy=SCHED_OTHER\n");

break;

default:

printf("policy=UNKNOWN\n");

break;

}

return policy;

}

static void show_thread_priority(pthread_attr_t *attr,int policy)

{

int priority = sched_get_priority_max(policy);

assert(priority!=-1);

printf("max_priority=%d\n",priority);

priority= sched_get_priority_min(policy);

assert(priority!=-1);

printf("min_priority=%d\n",priority);

}

static int get_thread_priority(pthread_attr_t *attr)

{

struct sched_param param;

int rs = pthread_attr_getschedparam(attr,¶m);

assert(rs==0);

printf("priority=%d",param.__sched_priority);

return param.__sched_priority;

}

static void set_thread_policy(pthread_attr_t *attr,int policy)

{

int rs = pthread_attr_setschedpolicy(attr,policy);

assert(rs==0);

get_thread_policy(attr);

}

int main(void)

{

pthread_attr_t attr;

struct sched_param sched;

int rs;

rs = pthread_attr_init(&attr);

assert(rs==0);

int policy = get_thread_policy(&attr);

printf("Show current configuration of priority\n");

show_thread_priority(&attr,policy);

printf("show SCHED_FIFO of priority\n");

show_thread_priority(&attr,SCHED_FIFO);

printf("show SCHED_RR of priority\n");

show_thread_priority(&attr,SCHED_RR);

printf("show priority of current thread\n");

int priority = get_thread_priority(&attr);

printf("Set thread policy\n");

printf("set SCHED_FIFO policy\n");

set_thread_policy(&attr,SCHED_FIFO);

printf("set SCHED_RR policy\n");

set_thread_policy(&attr,SCHED_RR);

printf("Restore current policy\n");

set_thread_policy(&attr,policy);

rs = pthread_attr_destroy(&attr);

assert(rs==0);

return 0;

}

下面是测试程序的运行结果:
policy=SCHED_OTHER

Show current configuration of priority

max_priority=0

min_priority=0

show SCHED_FIFO of priority

max_priority=99

min_priority=1

show SCHED_RR of priority

max_priority=99

min_priority=1

show priority of current thread

priority=0Set thread policy

set SCHED_FIFO policy

policy= SCHED_FIFO

set SCHED_RR policy

policy= SCHED_RRRestore current policy

policy=SCHED_OTHER


内容来自用户分享和网络整理,不保证内容的准确性,如有侵权内容,可联系管理员处理 点击这里给我发消息
标签: