2012-12-25 11gR2 "Performance Tuning Guide" page 70 - 82

Operating System Statistics -- 操作系统的统计信息

CPU Statistics -- CPU信息

The V$OSSTAT view captures machine-level information in the database, making it

easier for you to determine if hardware-level resource issues exist. The

V$SYSMETRIC_HISTORY view shows a one-hour history of the Host CPU Utilization

metric, a representation of percentage of CPU usage at each one-minute interval. The

V$SYS_TIME_MODEL view supplies statistics on the CPU usage by the Oracle

database. Using both sets of statistics enable you to determine whether the Oracle

database or other system activity is the cause of the CPU problems.

Disk I/O Statistics -- 磁盘IO

Measure the normal performance of the I/O system; typical values for a single block

read range from 5 to 20 milliseconds, depending on the hardware used. If the

hardware shows response times much higher than the normal performance value, then

it is performing badly or is overworked. This is your bottleneck. If disk queues start to

exceed two, then the disk is a potential bottleneck of the system.

-- Consumer group

When Oracle Database Resource Manager is enabled, the

V$IOSTAT_CONSUMER_GROUP view captures I/O statistics for all consumer

groups that are part of the currently enabled resource plan. The database samples

cumulative statistics every hour and stores them as historical statistics in the AWR.

-- Database file

I/O statistics of database files that are or have been accessed are captured in the

V$IOSTAT_FILE view.

-- Database function

I/O statistics for database functions (such as the LGWR and DBWR) are captured

in the V$IOSTAT_FUNCTION view.

Operating System Data Gathering Tools -- 操作系统统计信息收集工具