Linux图形界面编程简单教程（附计算器源代码）

如何在linux下用gtk开发图形界面应用程序

最近爱上了Linux，尤其是在读了我博客转载到一篇文章之后，更加的决定这辈子要和linux做永远的情人。正好博主这学期也学习了Linux操作系统。当然了，在大学里就是随便的教教，我们也在下边随便的打打酱油而已。前天突然心血来潮，何不做一个图形界面的程序来练练手。说做就做，先声明，本人菜鸟，所以这个过程十分的漫长，花了整整一天的时间。
首先，就是搭建gtk开发环境。光是熟悉这个概念就用了好长时间。你可以自己百度或着查阅相关资料。这里我也推荐一些比较好的博文给大家。
http://wenku.baidu.com/view/f996fa563c1ec5da50e27099.html
我使用的是ubuntu，默认的是gnome，装gtk的时候可是花费了不少时间，因为老是提示说依赖关系不正确而安装不了开发环境。后来在一个博客上找到了解决方法，现在分享给大家。如果提示下面到问题：
下列软件包有未满足的依赖关系：
gnome-devel: 依赖: libgdl-1-dev (>= 2.28) 但是它将不会被安装
推荐: gnome-core-devel 但是它将不会被安装
E: 破损的软件包
那么可以使用下面到命令：
sudo aptitude install gnome-core-devel
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_3fbc1c610100lf91.html

安装好程序后，下面是计算器的源码：

glade_counter.c

View Code

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<interface>
<requires lib="gtk+" version="2.16"/>
<!-- interface-naming-policy project-wide -->
<object class="GtkWindow" id="window">
<signal name="destroy" handler="gtk_main_quit"/>
<signal name="delete_event" handler="gtk_main_quit"/>
<child>
<object class="GtkVBox" id="vbox">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="spacing">2</property>
<child>
<object class="GtkVBox" id="vbox1">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<child>
<object class="GtkLabel" id="label1">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="label" translatable="yes">李小超版权所有   网站：www.leeinn.info</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="position">0</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkHBox" id="hbox1">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<child>
<object class="GtkEntry" id="entry">
<property name="width_request">200</property>
<property name="height_request">40</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="invisible_char">●</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="position">0</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="button1">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">CE</property>
<property name="width_request">20</property>
<property name="height_request">20</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="position">1</property>
</packing>
</child>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="position">1</property>
</packing>
</child>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="position">0</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkTable" id="table">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="n_rows">4</property>
<property name="n_columns">4</property>
<property name="column_spacing">2</property>
<property name="row_spacing">2</property>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="button2">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">7</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
</object>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="button3">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">8</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="left_attach">1</property>
<property name="right_attach">2</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="button4">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">9</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="left_attach">2</property>
<property name="right_attach">3</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="button5">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">+</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="left_attach">3</property>
<property name="right_attach">4</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="button6">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">4</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="top_attach">1</property>
<property name="bottom_attach">2</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="button7">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">5</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="left_attach">1</property>
<property name="right_attach">2</property>
<property name="top_attach">1</property>
<property name="bottom_attach">2</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="button8">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">6</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="left_attach">2</property>
<property name="right_attach">3</property>
<property name="top_attach">1</property>
<property name="bottom_attach">2</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="button9">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">-</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="left_attach">3</property>
<property name="right_attach">4</property>
<property name="top_attach">1</property>
<property name="bottom_attach">2</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="button12">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">1</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="top_attach">2</property>
<property name="bottom_attach">3</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="button11">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">2</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="left_attach">1</property>
<property name="right_attach">2</property>
<property name="top_attach">2</property>
<property name="bottom_attach">3</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="button13">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">*</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="left_attach">3</property>
<property name="right_attach">4</property>
<property name="top_attach">2</property>
<property name="bottom_attach">3</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="button14">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">0</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="top_attach">3</property>
<property name="bottom_attach">4</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="button15">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">.</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="left_attach">1</property>
<property name="right_attach">2</property>
<property name="top_attach">3</property>
<property name="bottom_attach">4</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="button16">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">=</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="left_attach">2</property>
<property name="right_attach">3</property>
<property name="top_attach">3</property>
<property name="bottom_attach">4</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="button17">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">/</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="left_attach">3</property>
<property name="right_attach">4</property>
<property name="top_attach">3</property>
<property name="bottom_attach">4</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="button10">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">3</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="left_attach">2</property>
<property name="right_attach">3</property>
<property name="top_attach">2</property>
<property name="bottom_attach">3</property>
</packing>
</child>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="position">1</property>
</packing>
</child>
</object>
</child>
</object>
</interface>

编译命令makefile：

CC = gcc
all:
$(CC) `pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-2.0` -export-dynamic glade_counter.c -o glade_counter
clean:
rm -f glade_counter

glade界面设计大师截图：



程序运行截图：