添加外键出现There are no primary or candidate keys in the referenced table ×××××的错误

有时候在数据表中天叫一个外键的时候，居然弹出了：

There are no primary or candidate keys in the referenced table ×××××

的错误提示！！！

这时要怎么解决呢？？

我在网上看到了一篇博文（http://www.cnblogs.com/dmgactive/archive/2011/06/07/2074392.html），有些很好的解决办法：

SQL:Add foreign key in exist table

Error Message:

Server: Msg 1776, Level 16, State 1, Line 1

There are no primary or candidate keys in the referenced

table 'Table Name' that match the referencing

column list in the foreign key 'Foreign Key Constraint

Name'.

Causes:

This error is encountered when creating a FOREIGN KEY constraint on a table and the column being referenced as a FOREIGN KEY is not a PRIMARY KEY on the other table.

To illustrate, let’s say you have the following table definition:

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Department] (

[DepartmentID] INT NOT NULL IDENTITY,

[DepartmentName] VARCHAR(50)

)

GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Employee] (

[EmployeeID] INT NOT NULL IDENTITY,

[FirstName] VARCHAR(50),

[LastName] VARCHAR(50),

[DepartmentID] INT

)

Based on the business requirements, an employee can only belong to one department. To make sure that the DepartmentID assigned to the employee exists in the [dbo].[Department] table, you create a FOREIGN KEY constraint on the column:

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Employee]

ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_Employee_Department]

FOREIGN KEY ( [DepartmentID] ) REFERENCES [dbo].[Department] ( [DepartmentID] )

But since the DepartmentID in the [dbo].[Department] is not designated as a PRIMARY KEY on that table, the following error is encountered:

Server: Msg 1776, Level 16, State 1, Line 1

There are no primary or candidate keys in the referenced table 'dbo.Department'

that match the referencing column list in the foreign key 'FK_Employee_Department'.

Server: Msg 1750, Level 16, State 1, Line 1

Could not create constraint. See previous errors.

Solution/Workaround:

To avoid this error, you have to first create the PRIMARY KEY constraint in the table to be referenced in a FOREIGN KEY constraint.

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Department]

ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_Department] PRIMARY KEY ( [DepartmentID] )

GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Employee]

ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_Employee_Department]

FOREIGN KEY ( [DepartmentID] ) REFERENCES [dbo].[Department] ( [DepartmentID] )

GO

If the table to be referenced by the FOREIGN KEY constraint already has a PRIMARY KEY and it’s not the column to be referenced by the FOREIGN KEY, you can create a UNIQUE index or UNIQUE constraint on the column.

Using a UNIQUE index:

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX [IX_DepartmentID]

ON [dbo].[Department] ( [DepartmentID] )

GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Employee]

ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_Employee_Department]

FOREIGN KEY ( [DepartmentID] ) REFERENCES [dbo].[Department] ( [DepartmentID] )

GO

Using a UNIQUE constraint:

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Department]

ADD CONSTRAINT [IX_DepartmentID] UNIQUE ( [DepartmentID] )

GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Employee]

ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_Employee_Department]

FOREIGN KEY ( [DepartmentID] ) REFERENCES [dbo].[Department] ( [DepartmentID] )

GO