处理因ASM实例异常导致RAC第一节点实例异常终止故障

遭遇RAC第一节点实例由于ASM实例异常导致数据库实例非正常停止，记录在此。

1.故障现象
两节点RAC第一节点实例停止，经检查ASM实例亦异常终止。

2.故障分析
检查数据库实例及ASM实例的的alert寻找处理思路。
1）alert日志内容
Sun May 8 06:59:06 2011
Errors in file /oracle/app/oracle/admin/racdb/bdump/racdb1_asmb_21478.trc:
ORA-15064: communication failure with ASM instance
ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel
Sun May 8 06:59:06 2011
ASMB: terminating instance due to error 15064
Sun May 8 06:59:06 2011
Errors in file /oracle/app/oracle/admin/racdb/bdump/racdb1_lms1_21275.trc:
ORA-15064: communication failure with ASM instance
Sun May 8 06:59:06 2011
Errors in file /oracle/app/oracle/admin/racdb/bdump/racdb1_lgwr_21283.trc:
ORA-15064: communication failure with ASM instance
Sun May 8 06:59:06 2011
Errors in file /oracle/app/oracle/admin/racdb/bdump/racdb1_lms0_21271.trc:
ORA-15064: communication failure with ASM instance
Sun May 8 06:59:06 2011
Errors in file /oracle/app/oracle/admin/racdb/bdump/racdb1_lmon_21267.trc:
ORA-15064: communication failure with ASM instance
Sun May 8 06:59:06 2011
Errors in file /oracle/app/oracle/admin/racdb/bdump/racdb1_lmd0_21269.trc:
ORA-15064: communication failure with ASM instance
Sun May 8 06:59:06 2011
System state dump is made for local instance
System State dumped to trace file /oracle/app/oracle/admin/racdb/bdump/racdb1_diag_21263.trc
Sun May 8 06:59:06 2011
Errors in file /oracle/app/oracle/admin/racdb/bdump/racdb1_mman_21279.trc:
ORA-15064: communication failure with ASM instance
Sun May 8 06:59:07 2011
Shutting down instance (abort)
License high water mark = 7
Sun May 8 06:59:07 2011
Trace dumping is performing id=[cdmp_20110508065906]
Sun May 8 06:59:11 2011
Instance terminated by ASMB, pid = 21478
Sun May 8 06:59:12 2011
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 4110
Mon May 9 13:44:05 2011

2）trace文件中截取到如下故障内容
kjctseventdump-end tail 14 heads 0 @ 0 14 @ -1115894656
DEFER MSG QUEUE ON LMS1 IS EMPTY
SEQUENCES:
0:0.0 1:2933.0
error 15064 detected in background process
ORA-15064: communication failure with ASM instance

3）ASM日志中记录了如下内容
Thu Feb 10 19:17:58 2011
NOTE: cache recovered group 1 to fcn 0.20162635
Thu Feb 10 19:17:58 2011
NOTE: opening chunk 1 at fcn 0.20162635 ABA
NOTE: seq=79 blk=1597
Thu Feb 10 19:17:58 2011
NOTE: cache mounting group 1/0xBA97DAE1 (ORADATA) succeeded
SUCCESS: diskgroup ORADATA was mounted
Thu Feb 10 19:18:01 2011
NOTE: recovering COD for group 1/0xba97dae1 (ORADATA)
SUCCESS: completed COD recovery for group 1/0xba97dae1 (ORADATA)
Thu Feb 10 19:18:01 2011
Starting background process ASMB
ASMB started with pid=17, OS id=7767
Thu Feb 10 19:21:06 2011
NOTE: ASMB process exiting due to lack of ASM file activity
Sun May 8 06:48:33 2011
Shutting down instance (abort)
License high water mark = 6
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 20819

初步判断是由于ASM出现异常导致的此次故障。但是和这里的提示“NOTE: ASMB process exiting due to lack of ASM file activity”没有关系。这个提示仅仅是一个提示而已，在ASM日志中的其他地方也有多次出现。

3.尝试故障处理
1）尝试启动ASM无果。

2）手工启动ASM实例可以成功
racdb1@racdb1 /home/oracle$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1
+ASM1@racdb1 /home/oracle$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on Sun May 8 13:43:06 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2006, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters and Data Mining options

NotConnected@> shutdown immediate;
ASM diskgroups dismounted
ASM instance shutdown
NotConnected@> startup;
ASM instance started

Total System Global Area 130023424 bytes
Fixed Size 2071000 bytes
Variable Size 102786600 bytes
ASM Cache 25165824 bytes

3）但启动数据库实例时抛出“ORA-01105”和“ORA-38767”错误。
racdb1@racdb1 /home/oracle$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on Sun May 8 13:43:53 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2006, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

NotConnected@> startup;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 8388608000 bytes
Fixed Size 2086096 bytes
Variable Size 1644170032 bytes
Database Buffers 6727663616 bytes
Redo Buffers 14688256 bytes
ORA-01105: mount is incompatible with mounts by other instances
ORA-38767: flashback retention target parameter mismatch

4.再次尝试故障处理
对除VIP之外的CRS资源进行重启，此时仍然无法启动ASM实例和数据库实例。

5.最后的处理方法
最后尝试重启第一个节点的所有CRS资源，终于将RAC的第一个节点的所有资源启动完毕。

6.小结
通过一系列的故障处理尝试，最终恢复了RAC数据库故障。

Good luck.

secooler
11.05.08

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