NLS_SORT设置

Oracle数据库中文拼音排序问题，NLS_SORT设置

Oracle9i之前，中文是按照二进制编码进行排序的。在oracle9i中新增了按照拼音、部首、笔画排序功能。

1、设置NLS_SORT参数值

SCHINESE_RADICAL_M 按照部首（第一顺序）、笔划（第二顺序）排序

SCHINESE_STROKE_M 按照笔划（第一顺序）、部首（第二顺序）排序

SCHINESE_PINYIN_M 按照拼音排序

BINARY_CI 忽略大小写的排序

2、Session级别的设置，修改ORACLE字段的默认排序方式：

按拼音：alter session set nls_sort = SCHINESE_PINYIN_M;

按笔画：alter session set nls_sort = SCHINESE_STROKE_M;

按偏旁：alter session set nls_sort = SCHINESE_RADICAL_M；

忽略大小写：alter session set nls_sort = BINARY_CI；

3、语句级别设置排序方式：

按照笔划排序

select * from dept order by nlssort(name,'NLS_SORT=SCHINESE_STROKE_M');

按照部首排序

select * from dept order by nlssort(name,'NLS_SORT=SCHINESE_RADICAL_M');

按照拼音排序，此为系统的默认排序方式

select * from dept order by nlssort(name,'NLS_SORT=SCHINESE_PINYIN_M');

忽略大小写

select * from dept order by nlssort(name,'NLS_SORT=BINARY_CI');

4、修改系统参数（数据库所在操作系统）：

set NLS_SORT=SCHINESE_RADICAL_M ;export NLS_SORT （sh）

setenv NLS_SORT SCHINESE_RADICAL_M (csh)

HKLC\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\home0\NLS_SORT (win注册表)

5、设置查询时忽略大小写方法：

alter session set nls_sort='BINARY_CI';

alter session set nls_comp='LINGUISTIC';

Oracle 官方说明

NLS_SORT
NLS_SORT specifies the collating sequence for ORDER BY queries.
NLS_COMP
NLS_COMP specifies the collation behavior of the database session.

Property	Description
Parameter type	String
Syntax	NLS_SORT = { BINARY | linguistic_definition }
Default value	Derived from NLS_LANGUAGE
Modifiable	ALTER SESSION
Range of values	BINARY or any valid linguistic definition name

If the value is BINARY, then the collating sequence for ORDER BY queries is based on the numeric value of characters (a binary sort that requires less system overhead).

If the value is a named linguistic sort, sorting is based on the order of the defined linguistic sort. Most (but not all) languages supported by the NLS_LANGUAGE parameter also support a linguistic sort with the same name.

Note:

Setting NLS_SORT to anything other than BINARY causes a sort to use a full table scan, regardless of the path chosen by the optimizer. BINARY is the exception because indexes are built according to a binary order of keys. Thus the optimizer can use an index
to satisfy the ORDER BY clause when NLS_SORT is set to BINARY. If NLS_SORT is set to any linguistic sort, the optimizer must include a full table scan and a full sort in the execution plan.

You must use the NLS_SORT operator with comparison operations if you want the linguistic sort behavior.

Property	Description
Parameter type	String
Syntax	NLS_COMP = { BINARY | LINGUISTIC | ANSI }
Default value	BINARY
Modifiable	ALTER SESSION
Basic	No

Values:

BINARY

Normally, comparisons in the WHERE clause and in PL/SQL blocks is binary unless you specify the NLSSORT function.

LINGUISTIC

Comparisons for all SQL operations in the WHERE clause and in PL/SQL blocks should use the linguistic sort specified in the NLS_SORT parameter. To improve the performance, you can also define a linguistic index on the column for which you want linguistic
comparisons.

ANSI

A setting of ANSI is for backwards compatibility; in general, you should set NLS_COMP to LINGUISTIC

符合NLS_SORT所有的值请在v$nls_valid_values视图中找