redhat Linux系统 6.1版本 安装系统桌面

RedHat6.1 系统安装完默认是不安装桌面的，需要单独安装。

一、配置yum库
Virtualbox下的虚拟光驱位于/dev/sr0，所以，向virtualbox加载RHEL6.1的镜像后，就可以配置yum库了
1.挂载镜像
[root@redhat~]# mkdir /media/rhel
[root@redhat~]# mount -o loop /dev/sr0/media/rhel
2.使镜像能开机自动挂载，也可以使用手动加载光驱。
在/etc/fstab的最下面添加下面一句
[root@redhat~]# vi /etc/fstab
/dev/sr0 /media/rhel iso9660 ro,loop 0 0
3.新建一个本地repo文件
紫色的部分可以不要添加，只要黑体那部分就行了。
[root@redhat~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
[Server]

name=Server

baseurl=file:///media/rhel/Server

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0
[HighAvailability]

name=HighAvailability

baseurl=file:///media/rhel/HighAvailability

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0
[LoadBalancer]

name=LoadBalancer

baseurl=file:///media/rhel/LoadBalancer

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0
二、安装桌面
1.检查软件组
查看一下桌面在哪个软件组里
[root@redhat ~]# yum grouplist

Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit

Setting up Group Process

HighAvailability/group_gz | 4.0 kB 00:00 ...

LoadBalancer/group_gz | 2.1 kB 00:00 ...

Installed Groups:

Additional Development

Base

Console internet tools

Desktop

Desktop Debugging and Performance Tools

Dial-up Networking Support

E-mail server

FCoE Storage Client

FTP server

Fonts

General Purpose Desktop

Graphical Administration Tools

Hardware monitoring utilities

Input Methods

Legacy UNIX compatibility

Legacy X Window System compatibility

NFS file server

Network Infrastructure Server

Network file system client

Networking Tools

Performance Tools

Perl Support

Remote Desktop Clients

Security Tools

Smart card support

Storage Availability Tools

System administration tools

X Window System

iSCSI Storage Client

Installed Language Groups:

Arabic Support [ar]

Armenian Support [hy]

Assamese Support [as]

Bengali Support [bn]

Bhutanese Support [dz]

Chinese Support [zh]

Ethiopic Support [am]

Georgian Support [ka]

Gujarati Support [gu]

Hebrew Support [he]

Hindi Support [hi]

Inuktitut Support [iu]

Japanese Support [ja]

Kannada Support [kn]

Khmer Support [km]

Konkani Support [kok]

Korean Support [ko]

Kurdish Support [ku]

Lao Support [lo]

Maithili Support [mai]

Malayalam Support [ml]

Marathi Support [mr]

Myanmar (Burmese) Support [my]

Oriya Support [or]

Punjabi Support [pa]

Sinhala Support [si]

Tajik Support [tg]

Tamil Support [ta]

Telugu Support [te]

Thai Support Urdu Support [ur]

Venda Support [ve]

Available Groups:

Backup Client

Backup Server

CIFS file server

Client management tools

Compatibility libraries

Debugging Tools

Desktop Platform

Desktop Platform Development

Development tools

Directory Client

Directory Server

Eclipse

Emacs

Enterprise Identity Server Base

Graphics Creation Tools

High Availability

High Availability Management

Infiniband Support

Internet Browser

Java Platform

KDE Desktop

Large Systems Performance

Load Balancer

Mainframe Access

Messaging Client Support

MySQL Database client

MySQL Database server

Network Storage Server

PHP Support

PostgreSQL Database client

PostgreSQL Database server

Print Server

Printing client

SNMP Support

Scientific support

Server Platform

Server Platform Development

Somali Support

System Management

Systems Management Messaging Server support

TeX support

Technical Writing

TurboGears application framework

Virtualization

Virtualization Client

Virtualization Platform

Virtualization Tools

Web Server

Web Servlet Engine

Web-Based Enterprise Management

Available Language Groups:

Afrikaans Support [af]

Albanian Support [sq]

Amazigh Support [ber]

Azerbaijani Support [az]

Basque Support [eu]

Belarusian Support [be]

Brazilian Portuguese Support [pt_BR]

Breton Support [br]

Bulgarian Support [bg]

Catalan Support [ca]

Chhattisgarhi Support [hne]

Chichewa Support [ny]

Coptic Support [cop]

Croatian Support [hr]

Czech Support [cs]

Danish Support [da]

Dutch Support [nl]

English (UK) Support [en_GB]

Esperanto Support [eo]

Estonian Support [et]

Faroese Support [fo]

Fijian Support [fj]

Filipino Support [fil]

Finnish Support [fi]

French Support [fr]

Frisian Support [fy]

Friulian Support [fur]

Gaelic Support [gd]

Galician Support [gl]

German Support [de]

Greek Support [el]

Hiligaynon Support [hil]

Hungarian Support [hu]

Icelandic Support [is]

Indonesian Support [id]

Interlingua Support [ia]

Irish Support [ga]

Italian Support [it]

Kashmiri Support [ks]

Kashubian Support [csb]

Kazakh Support [kk]

Kinyarwanda Support [rw]

Latin Support [la]

Latvian Support [lv]

Lithuanian Support [lt]

Low Saxon Support [nds]

Luxembourgish Support [lb]

Macedonian Support [mk]

Malagasy Support [mg]

Malay Support [ms]

Maltese Support [mt]

Manx Support [gv]

Maori Support [mi]

Mongolian Support [mn]

Nepali Support [ne]

Northern Sotho Support [nso]

Norwegian Support [nb]

Occitan Support [oc]

Persian Support [fa]

Polish Support [pl]

Portuguese Support [pt]

Romanian Support [ro]

Russian Support [ru]

Sanskrit Support [sa]

Sardinian Support [sc]

Serbian Support [sr]

Sindhi Support [sd]

Slovak Support [sk]

Slovenian Support [sl]

Southern Ndebele Support [nr]

Southern Sotho Support [st]

Spanish Support [es]

Swahili Support [sw]

Swati Support [ss]

Swedish Support [sv]

Tagalog Support [tl]

Tetum Support [tet]

Tibetan Support [bo]

Tsonga Support [ts]

Tswana Support [tn]

Turkish Support Turkmen Support [tk]

Ukrainian Support [uk]

Upper Sorbian Support [hsb]

Uzbek Support [uz]

Vietnamese Support [vi]

Walloon Support [wa]

Welsh Support [cy]

Xhosa Support [xh]

Zulu Support [zu]

Done

2.安装桌面
桌面在软件组desktop中，这和rhel5不太一样，rhel5里面好像为gnome
那么就开始安装桌面吧，但之前必须先安装Xwindow软件组
[root@redhat~]# yum groupinstall “X Window System”

[root@redhat ~]# yum groupinstall “Desktop”
3.虽然到此就可以启动桌面了，但是linux建议不要让root用户直接登录图形界面
所以，我们最好再创建一个普通用户
[root@redhat~]# useradd kevin
创建kevin的密码
[root@redhat~]# passwd kevin
4.启动X：

首先切换到普通用户
[root@redhat ~]# su- kevin
[kevin@redhat ~]$ startx
5.更改启动模式
这时如果重启的话还是会直接进入命令界面，所以必须调整开机进入桌面还是命令界面
[root@redhat~]#vim /etc/inittab

# System initialization is started by/etc/init/rcS.conf

#

# Individual runlevels are started by /etc/init/rc.conf

#

# Ctrl-Alt-Delete is handled by /etc/init/control-alt-delete.conf

#

# Terminal gettys are handled by /etc/init/tty.conf and /etc/init/serial.conf,

# with configuration in /etc/sysconfig/init.

#

# For information on how to write upstart event handlers, or how

# upstart works, see init(5), init(8), and initctl(8).

#

# Default runlevel. The runlevels used are:

# 0 - halt (Do NOT set initdefault to this)

# 1 - Single user mode

# 2 - Multiuser, without NFS (The same as 3, if you do not havenetworking)

# 3 - Full multiuser mode

# 4 - unused

# 5 - X11

# 6 - reboot (Do NOT set initdefault to this)

#

id:3:initdefault:

将上面红字部分的 3改成5
3为命令行界面 5为X window图形界面

5.删除redhat订阅：

rhel6.1新增了一个redhat订阅，没有用，可以删除
[root@redhat~]# yum remove subscription*
6.安装桌面右键终端：


[root@redhat ~]# yum install nautilus-open-terminal