gpg加解密教程

我们输入下列命令查看本机是否安装
　　Linux$rpm-qa│grep gnupg 　　gnupg-1.4.5-11 　　说明已经安装 接下来生成密钥 [root@localhost tmp]# gpg --gen-key
gpg (GnuPG) 1.4.5; Copyright (C) 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions. See the file COPYING for details.
gpg: directory `/root/.gnupg' created
gpg: new configuration file `/root/.gnupg/gpg.conf' created
gpg: WARNING: options in `/root/.gnupg/gpg.conf' are not yet active during this run
gpg: keyring `/root/.gnupg/secring.gpg' created
gpg: keyring `/root/.gnupg/pubring.gpg' created
Please select what kind of key you want:
(1) DSA and Elgamal (default)
(2) DSA (sign only)
(5) RSA (sign only)
Your selection? 1
DSA keypair will have 1024 bits.
ELG-E keys may be between 1024 and 4096 bits long.
What keysize do you want? (2048)
Requested keysize is 2048 bits
Please specify how long the key should be valid.
0 = key does not expire
<n> = key expires in n days
<n>w = key expires in n weeks
<n>m = key expires in n months
<n>y = key expires in n years
Key is valid for? (0)
Key does not expire at all
Is this correct? (y/N) y
You need a user ID to identify your key; the software constructs the user ID
from the Real Name, Comment and Email Address in this form:
"Heinrich Heine (Der Dichter) <heinrichh@duesseldorf.de>"
Real name: kingsoft
Email address: zhangkai2@kingsoft.com
Comment: kingsoft
You selected this USER-ID:
"kingsoft (kingsoft) <zhangkai2@kingsoft.com>"
Change (N)ame, (C)omment, (E)mail or (O)kay/(Q)uit? o
You need a Passphrase to protect your secret key.
We need to generate a lot of random bytes. It is a good idea to perform
some other action (type on the keyboard, move the mouse, utilize the
disks) during the prime generation; this gives the random number
generator a better chance to gain enough entropy.
+++++++++++++++++++++++++.++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++..++++++++++..+++++++++++++++.++++++++++.+
+++++++++.++++++++++.++++++++++..++++++++++>++++++++++........................................>+++
++.......<+++++..>+++++<.+++++.>+++++..+++++
We need to generate a lot of random bytes. It is a good idea to perform
some other action (type on the keyboard, move the mouse, utilize the
disks) during the prime generation; this gives the random number
generator a better chance to gain enough entropy.
++++++++++.+++++++++++++++.++++++++++..++++++++++..++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++.+++++.
+++++++++++++++++++++++++..++++++++++.++++++++++.++++++++++>.++++++++++>..+++++>++++
+...........................+++++^^^
gpg: /root/.gnupg/trustdb.gpg: trustdb created
gpg: key ECA840EB marked as ultimately trusted
public and secret key created and signed.
gpg: checking the trustdb
gpg: 3 marginal(s) needed, 1 complete(s) needed, PGP trust model
gpg: depth: 0 valid: 1 signed: 0 trust: 0-, 0q, 0n, 0m, 0f, 1u
pub 1024D/ECA840EB 2012-07-02
Key fingerprint = 8090 3DC7 C054 ABD0 C51F 25DC 5FB6 882D ECA8 40EB
uid kingsoft (kingsoft) <zhangkai2@kingsoft.com>
sub 2048g/3DF27DB5 2012-07-02
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
cront.1427 kfs_result
导出公钥
[root@localhost tmp]# gpg --export --armor kingsoft > gpgkey.pub.asc (kingsoft根据自己前面取的real name 修改)
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
cront.1427 gpgkey.pub.asc kfs_result
导出私钥
[root@localhost tmp]# gpg -o seckey.asc --export-secret-keys kingsoft (kingsoft根据自己前面取的real name 修改)

在其他机器上面，上传gpgkey.pub.asc 与 seckey.asc
[root@localhost tmp]# gpg --import gpgkey.pub.asc
添加信任kingsoft名字
[root@localhost tmp]# gpg --edit-key kingsoft
gpg (GnuPG) 1.4.5; Copyright (C) 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions. See the file COPYING for details.
Secret key is available.
pub 1024D/ECA840EB created: 2012-07-02 expires: never usage: SC
trust: ultimate validity: ultimate
sub 2048g/3DF27DB5 created: 2012-07-02 expires: never usage: E
[ultimate] (1). kingsoft (kingsoft) <zhangkai2@kingsoft.com>
Command> trust
pub 1024D/ECA840EB created: 2012-07-02 expires: never usage: SC
trust: ultimate validity: ultimate
sub 2048g/3DF27DB5 created: 2012-07-02 expires: never usage: E
[ultimate] (1). kingsoft (kingsoft) <zhangkai2@kingsoft.com>
Please decide how far you trust this user to correctly verify other users' keys
(by looking at passports, checking fingerprints from different sources, etc.)
1 = I don't know or won't say
2 = I do NOT trust
3 = I trust marginally
4 = I trust fully
5 = I trust ultimately
m = back to the main menu
Your decision? 5
Do you really want to set this key to ultimate trust? (y/N) y
pub 1024D/ECA840EB created: 2012-07-02 expires: never usage: SC
trust: ultimate validity: ultimate
sub 2048g/3DF27DB5 created: 2012-07-02 expires: never usage: E
[ultimate] (1). kingsoft (kingsoft) <zhangkai2@kingsoft.com>
Command> quit

现在我们在这台机器上进行加密文件操作
[root@localhost tmp]# cat zk.txt
test
zhangkai
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
zk.txt
[root@localhost tmp]# gpg -e -r kingsoft zk.txt
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
zk.txt zk.txt.gpg
zk.txt.gpg即是加密后的文件

现在我们在这台机器上进行解密文件操作
[root@localhost tmp]# gpg --import seckey.asc
[root@localhost tmp]# gpg -o 123.txt -d zk.txt.gpg （-o 指定解密后的文件名）
You need a passphrase to unlock the secret key for
user: "kingsoft (kingsoft) <zhangkai2@kingsoft.com>"
2048-bit ELG-E key, ID 3DF27DB5, created 2012-07-02 (main key ID ECA840EB)
Enter passphrase:
输入自己的密语就可以解密了