mysql 读写分离笔记

环境：
mysqlmaster:192.168.1.94
mysqlslave:192.168.1.95
mysql-proxy:192.168.1.91
拓扑图如下：



所需软件：

yum -y install gcc* gcc-c++* autoconf* automake* zlib* libxml* ncurses-devel* libmcrypt* libtool* flex* pkgconfig* libevent* glib*
wget http://www.lua.org/ftp/lua-5.1.4.tar.gz
wget http://mysql.cdpa.nsysu.edu.tw/Downloads/MySQL-Proxy/mysql-proxy-0.8.1-linux-rhel5-x86-32bit.tar.gz ##此包为编译好的二进制包
wget http://mysql.cdpa.nsysu.edu.tw/Downloads/MySQL-Proxy/mysql-proxy-0.8.1.tar.gz

在建立读写分离之前需要配置mysql的主从复制。
步骤：
1.mysqlmaster端，编辑my.cnf 加入以下几行

server-id=1 #这里的ID一定要唯一
log-bin=mysql-bin #开启binlog
#binlog-do-db=data #这行我注释了，如果要是去掉注释，则指定同步那一个库
binlog-ignore-db=mysql #mysql库不需要同步
log-slave-updates

进入mysql执行授权：

mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* to rep1@'%' identified by 'www';
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000005 | 514 | | mysql |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

记录File,Position

2.mysqlslave端，编辑my.cnf加入以下几行：

server-id=2
log-bin=mysql-bin
master-host=192.168.1.94
master-user=rep1
master-password=www
master-port=3306
master-connect-retry=60
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
#replicate-do-db=data
log-slave-update

启动slave

mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.1.94' ,master_user='rep1',master_password='www',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000005',master_log_pos=514;
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.1.94
Master_User: rep1
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 514
Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 235
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql

3.验证效果在mysqlmaster建立一个库，看mysqlslave是否同步过去。

mysql读写分离配置：
1.安装lua

tar zvfx lua-5.1.4.tar.gz
cd lua-5.1.4

vim src/Makefile

将CFLAGS= -O2 -Wall $(MYCFLAGS)
改为
CFLAGS= -O2 -Wall -fPIC $(MYCFLAGS)
cd src
make linux
cd ..
make install
cp etc/lua.pc /usr/lib/pkgconfig/
vim /etc/profile
在最后加入
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=$PKG_CONFIG_PATH:/usr/lib/pkgconfig
执行
source /etc/profile

2.安装mysql-proxy

tar xzvf mysql-proxy-0.8.1-linux-rhel5-x86-32bit.tar.gz
mv mysql-proxy-0.8.1-linux-rhel5-x86-32bit /usr/local/mysql-proxy/

建立mysql-proxy启动脚本
vim /etc/init.d/mysql-proxy

#!/bin/sh
#
# mysql-proxy This script starts and stops the mysql-proxy daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 78 30
# processname: mysql-proxy
# description: mysql-proxy is a proxy daemon to mysql

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

PROXY_PATH=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin

prog="mysql-proxy"

# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.
[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0

# Set default mysql-proxy configuration.
#PROXY_OPTIONS="--daemon"
PROXY_OPTIONS="--admin-username=root --admin-password=www --proxy-read-only-backend-addresses=192.168.1.95:3306 --proxy-backend-addresses=192.168.1.94:3306 --admin-lua-script=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/lib/mysql-proxy/lua/admin.lua --proxy-lua-script=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/scripts/rw-splitting.lua"
PROXY_PID=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/run/mysql-proxy.pid

# Source mysql-proxy configuration.
if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/mysql-proxy ]; then
. /etc/sysconfig/mysql-proxy
fi

PATH=$PATH:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:$PROXY_PATH

# By default it's all good
RETVAL=0

# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
# Start daemon.
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
$NICELEVEL $PROXY_PATH/mysql-proxy $PROXY_OPTIONS --daemon --pid-file=$PROXY_PID --user=mysql --log-level=warning --log-file=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/log/mysql-proxy.log
RETVAL=$?
echo
if [ $RETVAL = 0 ]; then
touch /var/lock/subsys/mysql-proxy
fi
;;
stop)
# Stop daemons.
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog
RETVAL=$?
echo
if [ $RETVAL = 0 ]; then
rm -f /var/lock/subsys/mysql-proxy
rm -f $PROXY_PID
fi
;;
restart)
$0 stop
sleep 3
$0 start
;;
condrestart)
[ -e /var/lock/subsys/mysql-proxy ] && $0 restart
;;
status)
status mysql-proxy
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|status|condrestart}"
RETVAL=1
;;
esac

exit $RETVAL

注释：

PROXY_PATH=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin //定义mysql-proxy服务二进制文件路径

PROXY_OPTIONS="--admin-username=root \ //定义内部管理服务器账号
--admin-password=password \ //定义内部管理服务器密码
--proxy-read-only-backend-addresses=192.168.1.95:3306 \ //定义后端只读从服务器地址
--proxy-backend-addresses=192.168.1.94:3306 \ //定义后端主服务器地址
admin-lua-script=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/lib/mysql-proxy/lua/admin.lua \ //定义lua管理脚本路径
--proxy-lua-script= /usr/local/mysql-proxy/scripts/rw-splitting.lua" \ //定义lua读写分离脚本路径

PROXY_PID=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/run/mysql-proxy.pid //定义mysql-proxy PID文件路径

$NICELEVEL $PROXY_PATH/mysql-proxy $PROXY_OPTIONS \
--daemon \ //定义以守护进程模式启动
--keepalive \ //使进程在异常关闭后能够自动恢复
--pid-file=$PROXY_PID \ //定义mysql-proxy PID文件路径
--user=mysql \ //以mysql用户身份启动服务
--log-level=warning \ //定义log日志级别，由高到低分别有(error|warning|info|message|debug)
--log-file=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/log/mysql-proxy.log //定义log日志文件路径

mkdir /usr/local/mysql-proxy/run
mkdir /usr/local/mysql-proxy/log
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql-proxy
tar xzvf mysql-proxy-0.8.1.tar.gz
cd mysql-proxy-0.8.1
cp lib/rw-splitting.lua /usr/local/mysql-proxy/scripts
vim /usr/local/mysql-proxy/script/rw-splitting.lua
改为：

min_idle_connections = 1, //默认为4
max_idle_connections = 1, //默认为8

然后启动：
service mysql-proxy start
然后
netstat -lntp
会看到：

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:4040 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 22961/mysql-proxy
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:4041 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 22961/mysql-proxy

3.测试效果：

mysql -uroot -ppassword -h 192.168.1.91 -P 4041
mysql> SELECT * FROM backends;
+-------------+-------------------+-------+------+------+-------------------+
| backend_ndx | address | state | type | uuid | connected_clients |
+-------------+-------------------+-------+------+------+-------------------+
| 1 | 192.168.1.94:3306 | up | rw | NULL | 0 |
| 2 | 192.168.1.95:3306 | up | ro | NULL | 0 |
+-------------+-------------------+-------+------+------+-------------------+

进入mysqlslave，关闭同步进程
mysql>stop slave;
登陆mysql-proxy

mysql -uroot -ppassword -h 192.168.1.91 -P 4040
mysql> use datatest
Database changed
mysql> select * from proxy;
+------+-------+
| id | name |
+------+-------+
| 3 | first |
| 4 | first |
| 6 | first |
| 7 | first |
+------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into proxy values(88,'second');
mysql> select * from proxy;
+------+-------+
| id | name |
+------+-------+
| 3 | first |
| 4 | first |
| 6 | first |
| 7 | first |
+------+-------+

进入slave，查看

mysql> use datatest
mysql> select * from proxy;
+------+-------+
| id | name |
+------+-------+
| 3 | first |
| 4 | first |
| 6 | first |
| 7 | first |
+------+-------+
由此看来无数据，因为如果是读操作，会读取slave服务器的数据

mysql> select * from proxy;
+------+--------+
| id | name |
+------+--------+
| 3 | first |
| 4 | first |
| 6 | first |
| 7 | first |
| 12 | first |
| 88 | second |
+------+--------+
由此看来写是正常的。
因此配置成功 本文出自 “mcshell学习博客” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://mcshell.blog.51cto.com/803455/912669