Android开发教程：shape和selector的结合使用

shape和selector是Android UI设计中经常用到的，比如我们要自定义一个圆角Button，点击Button有些效果的变化，就要用到shape和selector。可以这样说，shape和selector在美化控件中的作用是至关重要的。1.Shape简介作用：XML中定义的几何形状位置：res/drawable/文件的名称.xml使用的方法：Java代码中：R.drawable.文件的名称XML中：Android:background="@drawable/文件的名称"属性：<shape> Android:shape=["rectangle" | "oval" | "line" | "ring"]其中rectagle矩形，oval椭圆，line水平直线，ring环形<shape>中子节点的常用属性：<gradient> 渐变Android:startColor 起始颜色Android:endColor 结束颜色 Android:angle 渐变角度，0从上到下，90表示从左到右，数值为45的整数倍默认为0；Android:type 渐变的样式 liner线性渐变 radial环形渐变 sweep<solid > 填充Android:color 填充的颜色<stroke > 描边Android:width 描边的宽度Android:color 描边的颜色Android:dashWidth 表示'-'横线的宽度Android:dashGap 表示'-'横线之间的距离<corners > 圆角Android:radius 圆角的半径 值越大角越圆Android:topRightRadius 右上圆角半径Android:bottomLeftRadius 右下圆角角半径Android:topLeftRadius 左上圆角半径Android:bottomRightRadius 左下圆角半径2.Selector简介位置：res/drawable/文件的名称.xml使用的方法：Java代码中：R.drawable.文件的名称XML中：Android:background="@drawable/文件的名称"<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <selector xmlns:Android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <!-- 默认时的背景图片--> <item Android:drawable="@drawable/pic1" /> <!-- 没有焦点时的背景图片 --> <item Android:state_window_focused="false" android:drawable="@drawable/pic_blue" /> <!-- 非触摸模式下获得焦点并单击时的背景图片 --> <item Android:state_focused="true" android:state_pressed="true" android:drawable= "@drawable/pic_red" /> <!-- 触摸模式下单击时的背景图片--> <item Android:state_focused="false" Android:state_pressed="true" Android:drawable="@drawable/pic_pink" /> <!--选中时的图片背景--> <item Android:state_selected="true" android:drawable="@drawable/pic_orange" /> <!--获得焦点时的图片背景--> <item Android:state_focused="true" Android:drawable="@drawable/pic_green" /> </selector> 第一个例子：圆角的Button第二个例子：shape+selector综合使用的例子 漂亮的ListViewselector.xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <selector xmlns:Android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <item Android:state_selected="true"> <shape> <gradient Android:angle="270" android:endColor="#99BD4C" android:startColor="#A5D245" /> <size Android:height="60dp" android:width="320dp" /> <corners android:radius="8dp" /> </shape> </item> <item Android:state_pressed="true"> <shape> <gradient Android:angle="270" android:endColor="#99BD4C" android:startColor="#A5D245"/> <size Android:height="60dp" android:width="320dp" /> <corners android:radius="8dp" /> </shape> </item> <item> <shape> <gradient Android:angle="270" android:endColor="#A8C3B0" android:startColor="#C6CFCE" /> <size Android:height="60dp" android:width="320dp" /> <corners android:radius="8dp" /> </shape> </item> </selector> list_item.xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:Android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="horizontal" Android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" Android:background="@drawable/selector" > <ImageView Android:id="@+id/img" Android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" Android:layout_gravity="center_vertical" android:layout_marginLeft="20dp" /> <TextView Android:text="data" android:id="@+id/title" Android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" Android:gravity="center_vertical" android:layout_marginLeft="20dp" Android:layout_marginTop="20dp" android:textSize="14sp" Android:textStyle="bold" android:textColor="@color/black" > </TextView> </LinearLayout> main.xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:Android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" Android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" Android:background="#253853" > <ListView Android:id="@+id/list" Android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" Android:cacheColorHint="#00000000" android:divider="#2A4562" Android:dividerHeight="3px" android:listSelector="#264365" Android:drawSelectorOnTop="false" > </ListView> </LinearLayout> colors.xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <color name="white">#FFFFFFFF</color> <color name="transparency">#00000000</color> <color name="title_bg">#1C86EE</color> <color name="end_color">#A0cfef83</color> <color name="black">#464646</color> </resources> MainActivity.xmlpackage com.lingdududu.customlist; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.HashMap; import xb.customlist.R; import Android.R.array; import android.app.Activity; import Android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.ArrayAdapter; import Android.widget.ListView; import android.widget.SimpleAdapter; public class MainActivity extends Activity { ListView list; String data[] = new String[]{ "China","UK","USA","Japan","German","Canada","ET","Narotu" }; /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); list =(ListView) findViewById(R.id.list); SimpleAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(this, getData(), R.layout.list_item, new String[]{"title","img"}, new int[]{R.id.title,R.id.img}); list.setAdapter(adapter); } private ArrayList<HashMap<String, Object>> getData() { ArrayList<HashMap<String, Object>> dlist = new ArrayList<HashMap<String,Object>>(); for(int i =0;i<data.length;i++){ HashMap<String, Object>map = new HashMap<String, Object>(); map.put("title", data[i]); map.put("img", R.drawable.item_left2); dlist.add(map); } return dlist; } }