Linux下群集服务之LB集群-lvs-nat模式
2012-05-03 08:37
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O:\RHCA\群集_Cluster\Linux下群集服务之LB群集-lvs-nat模式.docx
Linux下群集服务之lvs在企业网络中的应用案例
案例应用拓扑图：
案例应用实现详细步骤如下：
1. Client-pc客户端配置
2. Director服务器配置
2.1 Director服务器ip地址配置
[root@junjie ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=none
ONBOOT=yes
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
IPADDR=10.106.6.254
GATEWAY=10.106.6.1
[root@junjie ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
DEVICE=eth1
BOOTPROTO=none
ONBOOT=yes
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
IPADDR=192.168.1.1
[root@junjie ~]# service network restart
Shutting down interface eth0: [ OK ]
Shutting down interface eth1: [ OK ]
Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth0: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth1: [ OK ]
[root@junjie ~]# ifconfig eth0
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:66:E1:DA
inet addr:10.106.6.254 Bcast:10.106.6.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
[root@junjie ~]# ifconfig eth1
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:66:E1:E4
inet addr:192.168.1.1 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
[root@junjie ~]# hostname director.junjie.com #注销重新登录
2.2 开启director数据包转发能力
[root@director ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
7 net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
[root@director ~]# sysctl -p
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
2.3 配置本地yum服务器：
[root@director ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/server.repo
[rhel-server]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux server
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/Server/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///mnt/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
[rhel-cluster]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux cluster
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/Cluster/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///mnt/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
[root@director ~]#mkdir /mnt/cdrom
[root@director ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom/
mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@director ~]#yum list all
2.4 安装配置dircetor服务器：
[root@director ~]# yum install -y ipvsadm
[root@director ~]# ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
[root@director ~]# ipvsadm -A -t 10.106.6.254:80 -s wrr
[root@director ~]# ipvsadm -a -t 10.106.6.254:80 -r 192.168.1.2 -m -w 1
[root@director ~]# ipvsadm -a -t 10.106.6.254:80 -r 192.168.1.3 -m -w 2
[root@director ~]# ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 10.106.6.254:80 wrr
-> 192.168.1.3:80 Masq 2 0 0
-> 192.168.1.2:80 Masq 1 0 0
[root@director ~]# service ipvsadm save
Saving IPVS table to /etc/sysconfig/ipvsadm: [ OK ]
[root@director ~]# service ipvsadm start
Clearing the current IPVS table: [ OK ]
Applying IPVS configuration: [ OK ]
3. 配置real-server-1的web服务器：
3.1 ip地址配置
[root@junjie ~]# hostname r1.junjie.com
注销重新登录
[root@r1 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=none
ONBOOT=yes
HWADDR=00:0c:29:1b:f1:ba
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
IPADDR=192.168.1.2
GATEWAY=192.168.1.1
[root@r1 ~]# service network restart
Shutting down interface eth0: [ OK ]
Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth0: [ OK ]
3.2 配置本地yum服务器：
[root@r1 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/server.repo
[rhel-server]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux server
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/Server/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///mnt/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
[root@r1 ~]#mkdir /mnt/cdrom
[root@r1 ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom/
mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@r1 ~]#yum list all
3.3 Real-server-1的Web服务器：
[root@r1 ~]# rpm -ivh /mnt/cdrom/Server/httpd-2.2.3-31.el5.i386.rpm
warning: /mnt/cdrom/Server/httpd-2.2.3-31.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing... #################################### [100%]
1:httpd ########################################### [100%]
[root@r1 ~]#echo "web1" > /var/www/html/index.html
[root@r1 ~]# service httpd start
Starting httpd: httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for r1.junjie.com
httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName
[ OK ]
3.4 客户端访问real-server-1的web服务：（使用vmnet1）
4. 配置real-server2的web服务器：
4.1 ip地址配置
[root@junjie ~]# hostname r2.junjie.com
注销重新登录
[root@r2 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=none
ONBOOT=yes
HWADDR=00:0c:29:1b:f1:ba
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
IPADDR=192.168.1.3
GATEWAY=192.168.1.1
[root@r2 ~]# service network restart
Shutting down interface eth0: [ OK ]
Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth0: [ OK ]
4.2 配置本地yum服务器：
[root@r2 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/server.repo
[rhel-server]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux server
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/Server/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///mnt/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
[root@r2 ~]#mkdir /mnt/cdrom
[root@r2 ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom/
mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@r2 ~]#yum list all
4.3 Real-server-2的Web服务器：
[root@r2 ~]# rpm -ivh /mnt/cdrom/Server/httpd-2.2.3-31.el5.i386.rpm
warning: /mnt/cdrom/Server/httpd-2.2.3-31.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing... #################################### [100%]
1:httpd ########################################### [100%]
[root@r2 ~]#echo "web2" > /var/www/html/index.html
[root@r2 ~]# service httpd start
Starting httpd: httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for r2.junjie.vom
httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName
[ OK ]
4.4 客户端访问real-server-2的web服务：（使用vmnet1）
5. 客户端测试：wrr
5.1 客户端访问director的群集服务服务：（网卡使用桥接模式）http：//10.106.6.254
5.2 客户端不断刷新，发现出现2次web2，一次web1界面，说明按权重轮询
5.3 在director上查看信息如下：轮询调度比几乎为2:1
[root@director ~]# ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 10.106.6.254:80 wrr
-> 192.168.1.2:80 Masq 1 0 12
-> 192.168.1.3:80 Masq 2 0 24
5.4 客户端测试-2：rr
[root@director ~]# ipvsadm –C #首先清空以前配置
[root@director ~]# ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
[root@director ~]# ipvsadm -A -t 10.106.6.254:80 -s rr
[root@director ~]# ipvsadm -a -t 10.106.6.254:80 -r 192.168.1.2 -m
[root@director ~]# ipvsadm -a -t 10.106.6.254:80 -r 192.168.1.3 –m
[root@director ~]# ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 10.106.6.254:80 rr
-> 192.168.1.3:80 Masq 1 0 0
-> 192.168.1.2:80 Masq 1 0 0
[root@director ~]# service ipvsadm save
Saving IPVS table to /etc/sysconfig/ipvsadm: [ OK ]
[root@director ~]# service ipvsadm restart
Clearing the current IPVS table: [ OK ]
Applying IPVS configuration: [ OK ]
客户端访问director的群集服务服务：（网卡使用桥接模式）http：//10.106.6.254
客户端不断刷新，发现web2和web1交替出现，比率为1:1，说明依次轮询rr
在director上查看信息如下：轮询调度比几乎为1:1；
说明lvs调度方法是用的是RR模式
[root@director ~]# ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 10.106.6.254:80 rr
-> 192.168.1.2:80 Masq 1 0 15
-> 192.168.1.3:80 Masq 1 0 15
《完》
关于Linux下集群服务简介和lvs的详解请参看我的博客：
http://xjzhujunjie.blog.51cto.com/3582724/850650
--xjzhujunjie
--2012/05/03
Linux下群集服务之lvs在企业网络中的应用案例
案例应用拓扑图：
案例应用实现详细步骤如下：
1. Client-pc客户端配置
2. Director服务器配置
2.1 Director服务器ip地址配置
[root@junjie ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=none
ONBOOT=yes
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
IPADDR=10.106.6.254
GATEWAY=10.106.6.1
[root@junjie ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
DEVICE=eth1
BOOTPROTO=none
ONBOOT=yes
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
IPADDR=192.168.1.1
[root@junjie ~]# service network restart
Shutting down interface eth0: [ OK ]
Shutting down interface eth1: [ OK ]
Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth0: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth1: [ OK ]
[root@junjie ~]# ifconfig eth0
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:66:E1:DA
inet addr:10.106.6.254 Bcast:10.106.6.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
[root@junjie ~]# ifconfig eth1
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:66:E1:E4
inet addr:192.168.1.1 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
[root@junjie ~]# hostname director.junjie.com #注销重新登录
2.2 开启director数据包转发能力
[root@director ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
7 net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
[root@director ~]# sysctl -p
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
2.3 配置本地yum服务器：
[root@director ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/server.repo
[rhel-server]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux server
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/Server/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///mnt/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
[rhel-cluster]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux cluster
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/Cluster/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///mnt/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
[root@director ~]#mkdir /mnt/cdrom
[root@director ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom/
mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@director ~]#yum list all
2.4 安装配置dircetor服务器：
[root@director ~]# yum install -y ipvsadm
[root@director ~]# ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
[root@director ~]# ipvsadm -A -t 10.106.6.254:80 -s wrr
[root@director ~]# ipvsadm -a -t 10.106.6.254:80 -r 192.168.1.2 -m -w 1
[root@director ~]# ipvsadm -a -t 10.106.6.254:80 -r 192.168.1.3 -m -w 2
[root@director ~]# ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 10.106.6.254:80 wrr
-> 192.168.1.3:80 Masq 2 0 0
-> 192.168.1.2:80 Masq 1 0 0
[root@director ~]# service ipvsadm save
Saving IPVS table to /etc/sysconfig/ipvsadm: [ OK ]
[root@director ~]# service ipvsadm start
Clearing the current IPVS table: [ OK ]
Applying IPVS configuration: [ OK ]
3. 配置real-server-1的web服务器：
3.1 ip地址配置
[root@junjie ~]# hostname r1.junjie.com
注销重新登录
[root@r1 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=none
ONBOOT=yes
HWADDR=00:0c:29:1b:f1:ba
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
IPADDR=192.168.1.2
GATEWAY=192.168.1.1
[root@r1 ~]# service network restart
Shutting down interface eth0: [ OK ]
Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth0: [ OK ]
3.2 配置本地yum服务器：
[root@r1 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/server.repo
[rhel-server]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux server
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/Server/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///mnt/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
[root@r1 ~]#mkdir /mnt/cdrom
[root@r1 ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom/
mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@r1 ~]#yum list all
3.3 Real-server-1的Web服务器：
[root@r1 ~]# rpm -ivh /mnt/cdrom/Server/httpd-2.2.3-31.el5.i386.rpm
warning: /mnt/cdrom/Server/httpd-2.2.3-31.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing... #################################### [100%]
1:httpd ########################################### [100%]
[root@r1 ~]#echo "web1" > /var/www/html/index.html
[root@r1 ~]# service httpd start
Starting httpd: httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for r1.junjie.com
httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName
[ OK ]
3.4 客户端访问real-server-1的web服务：（使用vmnet1）
4. 配置real-server2的web服务器：
4.1 ip地址配置
[root@junjie ~]# hostname r2.junjie.com
注销重新登录
[root@r2 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=none
ONBOOT=yes
HWADDR=00:0c:29:1b:f1:ba
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
IPADDR=192.168.1.3
GATEWAY=192.168.1.1
[root@r2 ~]# service network restart
Shutting down interface eth0: [ OK ]
Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth0: [ OK ]
4.2 配置本地yum服务器：
[root@r2 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/server.repo
[rhel-server]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux server
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/Server/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///mnt/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
[root@r2 ~]#mkdir /mnt/cdrom
[root@r2 ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom/
mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@r2 ~]#yum list all
4.3 Real-server-2的Web服务器：
[root@r2 ~]# rpm -ivh /mnt/cdrom/Server/httpd-2.2.3-31.el5.i386.rpm
warning: /mnt/cdrom/Server/httpd-2.2.3-31.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing... #################################### [100%]
1:httpd ########################################### [100%]
[root@r2 ~]#echo "web2" > /var/www/html/index.html
[root@r2 ~]# service httpd start
Starting httpd: httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for r2.junjie.vom
httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName
[ OK ]
4.4 客户端访问real-server-2的web服务：（使用vmnet1）
5. 客户端测试：wrr
5.1 客户端访问director的群集服务服务：（网卡使用桥接模式）http：//10.106.6.254
5.2 客户端不断刷新，发现出现2次web2，一次web1界面，说明按权重轮询
5.3 在director上查看信息如下：轮询调度比几乎为2:1
[root@director ~]# ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 10.106.6.254:80 wrr
-> 192.168.1.2:80 Masq 1 0 12
-> 192.168.1.3:80 Masq 2 0 24
5.4 客户端测试-2：rr
[root@director ~]# ipvsadm –C #首先清空以前配置
[root@director ~]# ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
[root@director ~]# ipvsadm -A -t 10.106.6.254:80 -s rr
[root@director ~]# ipvsadm -a -t 10.106.6.254:80 -r 192.168.1.2 -m
[root@director ~]# ipvsadm -a -t 10.106.6.254:80 -r 192.168.1.3 –m
[root@director ~]# ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 10.106.6.254:80 rr
-> 192.168.1.3:80 Masq 1 0 0
-> 192.168.1.2:80 Masq 1 0 0
[root@director ~]# service ipvsadm save
Saving IPVS table to /etc/sysconfig/ipvsadm: [ OK ]
[root@director ~]# service ipvsadm restart
Clearing the current IPVS table: [ OK ]
Applying IPVS configuration: [ OK ]
客户端访问director的群集服务服务：（网卡使用桥接模式）http：//10.106.6.254
客户端不断刷新，发现web2和web1交替出现，比率为1:1，说明依次轮询rr
在director上查看信息如下：轮询调度比几乎为1:1；
说明lvs调度方法是用的是RR模式
[root@director ~]# ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 10.106.6.254:80 rr
-> 192.168.1.2:80 Masq 1 0 15
-> 192.168.1.3:80 Masq 1 0 15
《完》
关于Linux下集群服务简介和lvs的详解请参看我的博客：
http://xjzhujunjie.blog.51cto.com/3582724/850650
--xjzhujunjie
--2012/05/03
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