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利用NSXMLParser来解析xml文件

2012-03-31 20:06 351 查看
要解析xml文件,当然要先了解一下什么是xml文件啦,在这里就不说了,接上一篇文章,由于是要获取新浪的新闻,我是新浪的rss中心里面找到相应的新闻类别,比如 体育新闻,然后点击xml,此时打开的是浏览器显示的xml文件,而我们要解析这个文件,是需要看它的源代码的,看看主要是有哪些标签,我要提取的主要是新闻的标题,发表时间,以及详细内容的链接,所以就找出这三个标签,分别是title、pubdate、link。

objective-c解析xml文件在网上有很多很强大的第三方库,因为我要的功能很简单,所以只需要用NSXMLParser来解析就可以了,在这个类的delegate中,有三个重要的函数需要去实现

#pragma NSXMLParserDelegate

-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didStartElement:(NSString *)elementName
namespaceURI:(NSString *)namespaceURI
qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName
attributes:(NSDictionary *)attributeDict
{
if([elementName isEqualToString:@"title"])
{
if(self.newsTitle == nil)
self.newsTitle = [[NSMutableArray alloc]init];
}
else if([elementName isEqualToString:@"link"])
{
if(self.newsLink == nil)
self.newsLink = [[NSMutableArray alloc]init];
}
else if([elementName isEqualToString:@"pubDate"])
{
if(self.newsPubdate == nil)
self.newsPubdate = [[NSMutableArray alloc]init];
}
}

-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser foundCharacters:(NSString *)string
{
if(self.tempString == nil)
self.tempString = [[NSMutableString alloc]init];
[self.tempString appendString:string];
}

-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didEndElement:(NSString *)elementName
namespaceURI:(NSString *)namespaceURI
qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName
{
if([elementName isEqualToString:@"title"])
{
[self.newsTitle addObject:self.tempString];
}
else if([elementName isEqualToString:@"link"])
{
[self.newsLink addObject:self.tempString];
}
else if([elementName isEqualToString:@"pubDate"])
{
[self.newsPubdate addObject:self.tempString];
}
self.tempString = nil;
}


就是这三个函数,遇到开始标签时会调用第一个函数,在读取开始标签和结束标签之间的内容时,会反复调用第二个函数,在遇到结束标签时,会调用最后一个函数。
实现了这三个函数,一俄就可以解析xml文件了。

当然要实现上面的三个函数,需要将我现在的这个类作为NSXMLParserDelegate的delegator,而且在创建完NSXMLparser的对象后,要调用setDelegate方法,声明自己就是delegator,然后再调用parser方法,就会开始解析xml文件了,也就是反复调用上面的三个函数。

好了,下面是这个UITbaleViewController的完整代码

//
// sportNewsTableViewController.m
// myNewsApplication
//
// Created by mac11 on 12-3-22.
// Copyright (c) 2012年 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved.
//

#import "sportNewsTableViewController.h"
#import "newsWebViewController.h"

@interface sportNewsTableViewController() <NSXMLParserDelegate>

@property (nonatomic,strong) NSMutableArray *newsTitle;
@property (nonatomic,strong) NSMutableArray *newsLink;
@property (nonatomic,strong) NSMutableArray *newsPubdate;
@property (nonatomic,strong) NSMutableString *tempString;

@end

@implementation sportNewsTableViewController

@synthesize newsTitle = _newsTitle;
@synthesize newsLink = _newsLink;
@synthesize newsPubdate = _newsPubdate;
@synthesize tempString = _tempString;

#pragma mark - View lifecycle

- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];

NSXMLParser *xmlParser = [[NSXMLParser alloc]initWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://rss.sina.com.cn/roll/sports/hot_roll.xml"]];
self.tempString = nil;
[xmlParser setDelegate:self];
[xmlParser parse];

}

- (BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)interfaceOrientation
{
return (interfaceOrientation != UIInterfaceOrientationPortraitUpsideDown);
}

#pragma NSXMLParserDelegate

-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didStartElement:(NSString *)elementName
namespaceURI:(NSString *)namespaceURI
qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName
attributes:(NSDictionary *)attributeDict
{
if([elementName isEqualToString:@"title"])
{
if(self.newsTitle == nil)
self.newsTitle = [[NSMutableArray alloc]init];
}
else if([elementName isEqualToString:@"link"])
{
if(self.newsLink == nil)
self.newsLink = [[NSMutableArray alloc]init];
}
else if([elementName isEqualToString:@"pubDate"])
{
if(self.newsPubdate == nil)
self.newsPubdate = [[NSMutableArray alloc]init];
}
}

-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser foundCharacters:(NSString *)string
{
if(self.tempString == nil)
self.tempString = [[NSMutableString alloc]init];
[self.tempString appendString:string];
}

-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didEndElement:(NSString *)elementName
namespaceURI:(NSString *)namespaceURI
qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName
{
if([elementName isEqualToString:@"title"])
{
[self.newsTitle addObject:self.tempString];
}
else if([elementName isEqualToString:@"link"])
{
[self.newsLink addObject:self.tempString];
}
else if([elementName isEqualToString:@"pubDate"])
{
[self.newsPubdate addObject:self.tempString];
}
self.tempString = nil;
}

#pragma mark - sportNewsTableViewControllerDataSource

- (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section
{
return ([self.newsPubdate count]-2);
}

- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath
{
static NSString *CellIdentifier = @"sportsNewsCell";

UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:CellIdentifier];
if (cell == nil) {
cell = [[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleDefault reuseIdentifier:CellIdentifier];
}

// Configure the cell...
NSString *title = [self.newsTitle objectAtIndex:indexPath.row+2];
NSString *pubdate = [self.newsPubdate objectAtIndex:indexPath.row+1];
cell.textLabel.text = title;
cell.detailTextLabel.text = pubdate;
return cell;
}

#pragma mark - segue

-(void) prepareForSegue:(UIStoryboardSegue *)segue sender:(id)sender
{
//do someting for the news content
if([segue.identifier isEqualToString:@"sportNews"])
{
NSMutableString *str = [[NSMutableString alloc] init];
[str appendString:[self.newsLink objectAtIndex:self.tableView.indexPathForSelectedRow.row+2]];
[str deleteCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, 4)];
[segue.destinationViewController setWebURL:str];
[segue.destinationViewController setNewsTitle:@"体育新闻"];
}
}

@end

下面是我这次做的小项目的完整代码ios小程序——解析xml,读取新闻
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