CentOS 5.2编译安装LNMP

系统：CentOS 5.2 64位
Nginx：0.9.5
php：5.3.5
MySQL：5.1.30
一. 安装Nginx
1. 首先确保有gcc环境
#yum install gcc gcc-c++
2. pcre的安装
#tar zxvf pcre-8.00.tar.gz
#cd pcre-8.00
#./configure ; make ;make install
3. nginx的安装
#tar zxvf nginx-0.9.5.tar.gz
#cd nginx-0.9.5
#./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module
#make ;make install
在这里我刚开始安装的时候使用了两个参数“ --with-http_
ssl_module ”“ --with-md5=/usr/lib”后来make的时候一直报错，查了好多资料，纠结了半天，后来去除了这两个参数就好了。
make[1]: *** [/server/openssl/openssl/include/openssl/ssl.h] Error 2
4. 安装gd和lib相关包。
所用包如下：
gd-2.0.35.tar.gz
libiconv-1.12.tar.gz

libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
mhash-0.9.9.tar.gz
1)安装GD
#tar zxvf gd-2.0.35.tar.gz
#cd gd-2.0.35
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gd2 ;make ;make install
2)安装libiconv
#tar zxvf libiconv-1.12.tar.gz ;cd libiconv-1.12
#./configure --prefix=/usr ;make ;make install
3)安装libmcrypt
#tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz ;cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
#./configure --prefix=/usr ;make ;make install
4)安装mhash
#tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.tar.gz ;cd mhash-0.9.9
#./configure --prefix=/usr ;make ;make install
5)编辑ld.so.conf文件
#vim /etc/ld.so.conf
改正后的文件内容如下：
/usr/lib
include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
/usr/lib
保存退出！

5. 安装好了之后，我们来测试nginx的安装结果：
#/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
返回如下结果，证明nginx没问题：

nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok

nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

我刚装完运行测试报了如下错误：

nginx [emerg]: getpwnam(“www”) failed

解决办法：

编辑nginx配置文件，去掉“user nobody”前面的注释即可！

＃vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

去掉#user nobody前面的“#”，保存退出就可以了！

启动nginx

#/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

查看80端口：

#netstat -tunlp |grep 80

ok

用ie访问出现如下画面：

Welcome to Nginx!

二。安装MySQL-5.1.30

#tar zxvf mysql-5.1.30.tar.gz

#cd mysql-5.1.30

#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --localstatedir=/data/mysqll/data --with-comment=Source --with-server-suffix=-Linuxtone.Org --with-mysqld-user=mysql --with-out-debug --with-big-tables --with-charset=utf8 --with-collation=utf8_general_ci --with-extra-charsets=all --with-pthread --enable-static --enable-thread-safe-client --with-client-ldflags=-all-static --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --enable-assembler --with-plugins=all --without-ndb-debug

出现如下画面证明编译成功：





#make ;make install

2. 报错解决：

1）错误1

我刚开始安装选择的参数有一个“--with-collation=utf8_chinese_ci”，在编译时报错如下：

Collation utf8_chinese_ci is not valid for character set utf8.

Valid collations are: utf8_general_ci utf8_bin utf8_czech_ci utf8_danish_ci utf8_esperanto_ci utf8_estonian_ci utf8_hungarian_ci utf8_icelandic_ci utf8_latvian_ci utf8_lithuanian_ci utf8_persian_ci utf8_polish_ci utf8_romanian_ci utf8_slovak_ci utf8_slovenian_ci utf8_spanish2_ci utf8_spanish_ci utf8_swedish_ci utf8_turkish_ci utf8_unicode_ci.

See the Installation chapter in the Reference Manual.

它的意思是对于character set utf8，utf8_chinese_ci 的定序是不可用的，可用的定序是：utf8_general_ci utf8_bin utf8_czech_ci utf8_danish_ci utf8_esperanto_ci utf8_estonian_ci utf8_hungarian_ci utf8_icelandic_ci utf8_latvian_ci utf8_lithuanian_ci utf8_persian_ci utf8_polish_ci utf8_romanian_ci utf8_slovak_ci utf8_slovenian_ci utf8_spanish2_ci utf8_spanish_ci utf8_swedish_ci utf8_turkish_ci utf8_unicode_ci中的任何一种。

解决的办法如下：

我将--with-collation=utf8_chinese_ci更改为“utf8_general_ci”后解决。

2）错误2

报错如下：

checking for termcap functions library... configure: error: No curses/termca

解决的办法：

用yum安装ncurses、ncurses-devel

#yum install ncurses ncurses-devel -y

再次编译就不会报相同的错误了！

3. 配置mysql

1）新建用户

#useradd mysql -d /data/mysql -s/sbin/nologin

2）安装默认数据库

#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

3）设定相关目录权限

#cd /usr/local/mysql

#chown -R root:mysql .

#mkdir -p /data/mysql/data

#chown -R mysql /data/mysql/data

复制配置文件：

#cp share/mysql/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf

复制启动文件：

#cp share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

#chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

添加服务

#chkconfig --add mysqld

启动服务：

#server mysqld start

检测mysql服务启动情况：

#netstat -tunlp |grep 3306

三。PHP的安装：

php和nginx的整合是通过php-FastCGI

FastCGI 是一个可伸缩、高速的在web server和脚本语言间通迅的接口。被许多脚本语言所支持，包括 php
多数流行的web server都支持 FastCGI。
正常情况下，nginx和php直接是完全不认识的，我们就是通过php-fastcgi将二者整合。
php5.3.0之前的版本，php-FastCGI 是需要单独安装的。但是在这之后，php-FastCGI 就整合在了php的源码包中，不必再去单独安装。我用的就是php5.3.5的版本，内置了php-fpm ，编译时开启，并且编译后不存在 php-cgi 文件了
1. 安装php

#tar zxvf php-5.3.5.tar.gz

#./buildconf --force

出现了如下所示的错误：

Forcing buildconf

buildconf: checking installation...

buildconf: autoconf not found.

You need autoconf version 2.13 or newer installed

to build PHP from SVN.

make: *** [buildmk.stamp] 错误 1

原因是安装未安装autoconf或者安装的版本不是2.13，用yum安装即可

#yum install autoconf213

设置环境变量：

#export PHP_AUTOCONF=/usr/bin/autoconf-2.13

然后再次./buildconf --force，出现如下的画面就可以了：





编译：

#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-discard-path --enable-force-cgi-redirect-with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --enable-zend-multibyte --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-libxml-dir --with-xmlrpc --with-gd=/usr/local/gd2/ --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-bz2 --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --with-openssl --with-mcrypt --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --disable-debug --disable-ipv6

make ;make install

2. 修改配置文件
安装完成之后，复制php.ini-production 到安装目录下的etc/目录下
#cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/
#cd /usr/local/php/etc/ 切换到安装目录下的配置文件目录
#cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
修改php-fpm.conf 启用如下几行，即去掉前面的分号(;)

pid = run/php-fpm.pid

error_log = log/php-fpm.log

log_level = notice

listen = 127.0.0.1:9000

listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1

pm = dynamic

pm.max_children = 50

pm.start_servers = 5

pm.min_spare_servers = 5

pm.max_spare_servers = 35

pm.max_requests = 500

env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME

env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin

env[TMP] = /tmp

env[TMPDIR] = /tmp

env[TEMP] = /tmp
3. 制作启动脚本
vim /etc/init.d/php-fpm

内容如下：

#! /bin/sh

### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: php-fpm
# Required-Start: $remote_fs $network
# Required-Stop: $remote_fs $network
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: starts php-fpm
# Description: starts the PHP FastCGI Process Manager daemon
### END INIT INFO

prefix=/usr/local/php
exec_prefix=${prefix}

php_fpm_BIN=${exec_prefix}/sbin/php-fpm
php_fpm_CONF=${prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
php_fpm_PID=${prefix}/var/run/php-fpm.pid

php_opts="--fpm-config $php_fpm_CONF"

wait_for_pid () {
try=0

while test $try -lt 35 ; do

case "$1" in
'created')
if [ -f "$2" ] ; then
try=''
break
fi
;;

'removed')
if [ ! -f "$2" ] ; then
try=''
break
fi
;;
esac

echo -n .
try=`expr $try + 1`
sleep 1

done

}

case "$1" in
start)
echo -n "Starting php-fpm "

$php_fpm_BIN $php_opts

if [ "$?" != 0 ] ; then
echo " failed"
exit 1
fi

wait_for_pid created $php_fpm_PID

if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
echo " failed"
exit 1
else
echo " done"
fi
;;

stop)
echo -n "Gracefully shutting down php-fpm "

if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"
exit 1
fi

kill -QUIT `cat $php_fpm_PID`

wait_for_pid removed $php_fpm_PID

if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
echo " failed. Use force-exit"
exit 1
else
echo " done"
fi
;;

force-quit)
echo -n "Terminating php-fpm "

if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"
exit 1
fi

kill -TERM `cat $php_fpm_PID`

wait_for_pid removed $php_fpm_PID

if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
echo " failed"
exit 1
else
echo " done"
fi
;;

restart)
$0 stop
$0 start
;;

reload)

echo -n "Reload service php-fpm "

if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"
exit 1
fi

kill -USR2 `cat $php_fpm_PID`

echo " done"
;;

*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|force-quit|restart|reload}"
exit 1
;;

esac

#chmod -R 777 /etc/init.d/php-fpm
启动 php-fpm
/etc/init.d/php-fpm start

4. 查看端口 9000
#netstat -tunlp |grep 9000

5. 最后 需要更改一下nginx的配置文件
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
去掉下面语句前的注释
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.default.log; #开启错误日志

pid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;

fastcgi_send_timeout 300;

fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000

#

location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$

{

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

include fastcgi.conf;

}
保存退出后 重启nginx
#ps aux |grep nginx
看一下nginx的pid
#kill -9 pid的号码
启动nginx
#/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

6. 报错

1）错误1

错误提示：

configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation

yum 安装libxml2和libxml2-devel两个包

#yum install libxml2 libxml2-devel -y

重新编译就不会出现这个问题了。

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