Android 图片大小超过预算的VM：java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: bitmap size exceeds VM budget

Android 2.3.3
Eclipse Version: 3.7.0
LogCat

Activity显示图片，部分源代码：

// 图片
try {
bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile("/" + sdpath
+ htc.getBitmap(), opt);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
htcImageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);

使用过程中

LogCat 报错信息：

02-07 17:04:02.947: DEBUG/dalvikvm(15660): GC_EXTERNAL_ALLOC freed 75K, 61% free 3080K/7751K, external 14227K/16275K, paused 100ms
02-07 17:04:03.017: ERROR/dalvikvm-heap(15660): 4147200-byte external allocation too large for this process.
02-07 17:04:03.137: ERROR/GraphicsJNI(15660): VM won't let us allocate 4147200 bytes
02-07 17:04:03.148: DEBUG/dalvikvm(15660): GC_FOR_MALLOC freed 2K, 61% free 3078K/7751K, external 14227K/16275K, paused 37ms
02-07 17:04:03.191: DEBUG/skia(15660): --- decoder->decode returned false
02-07 17:04:03.191: DEBUG/AndroidRuntime(15660): Shutting down VM
02-07 17:04:03.191: WARN/dalvikvm(15660): threadid=1: thread exiting with uncaught exception (group=0x40015560)
02-07 17:04:03.218: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(15660): FATAL EXCEPTION: main
02-07 17:04:03.218: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(15660): java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: bitmap size exceeds VM budget
02-07 17:04:03.218: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(15660): at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.nativeDecodeStream(Native Method)
02-07 17:04:03.218: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(15660): at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeStream(BitmapFactory.java:470)
02-07 17:04:03.218: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(15660): at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeFile(BitmapFactory.java:284)
02-07 17:04:03.218: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(15660): at com.taobao.htc.Game.handerUI(Game.java:522)
02-07 17:04:03.218: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(15660): at com.taobao.htc.Game$1.run(Game.java:396)
02-07 17:04:03.218: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(15660): at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:587)
02-07 17:04:03.218: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(15660): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:92)
02-07 17:04:03.218: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(15660): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123)
02-07 17:04:03.218: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(15660): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:3683)
02-07 17:04:03.218: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(15660): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
02-07 17:04:03.218: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(15660): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:507)
02-07 17:04:03.218: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(15660): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:839)
02-07 17:04:03.218: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(15660): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:597)
02-07 17:04:03.218: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(15660): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
02-07 17:04:03.268: WARN/ActivityManager(61): Force finishing activity com.taobao.htc/.Game

发生错误原因分析：

bitmap图片尺寸较大，使用后超过预算的VM；

网上查找到两种解决办法：

一种是使用缩略图，缩小图片大小

opt = new BitmapFactory.Options();
……
opt.inSampleSize = 2; //使用缩略图，缩小倍数

另一种是增加VM大小

VMRuntime.getRuntime().setMinimumHeapSize(16 * 1024 * 1024);
VMRuntime.getRuntime().setTargetHeapUtilization(0.75f);

但测试无效。

最好的解决办法：显示的回收图片。