mysql>命令行下可以使用的各种命令解析(使用help或者help contents查看更多信息)

mysql -u root -p

进入到mysql客户端应用程序mysql，通过它可以管理数据库
，访问数据库，执行SQL语句等等。

1. 获取帮助

mysql>help或者/?

2. 将在mysql>下输入的内容输出到文件中，使用

mysql>tee filename或者\T filename

mysql会提示你已经logging to file 'filename'

这样在mysql>下输入的命令及输出结果就会都保存到filename文件中

如果想取消挂载，输入 notee或者\t

mysql会提示outfile disabled

在进入mysql之前，也可以通过选项--tee或者--no-tee挂载外部文件或者取消

mysql -u root -p --tee outfile

或者

mysql -u root -p --no-tee

3.

mysql>tee mysql_help.txt

将输出挂载到mysql_help.txt文件上

输入mysql>help显示输出信息

mysql> help

For information about MySQL prod ts and services, visit:

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For developer information, incl ing the MySQL Reference Man l, visit:

http://dev.mysql.com/

To buy MySQL Network Support, training, or other prod ts, visit:

https://shop.mysql.com/

List of all MySQL commands:

Note that all text commands must be first on line and end with ';'

? (\?) Synonym for `help'.

help (\h) Display this help.

clear (\c) Clear command.

connect (\r) Reconnect to the server. Optional arguments are db and host.

delimiter (\d) Set statement delimiter. NOTE: Takes the rest of the line as new delimiter.

ego (\G) Send command to mysql server, display result vertically.

go (\g) Send command to mysql server.

tee (\T) Set outfile [to_outfile]. Append everything into given outfile.

notee (\t) Don't write into outfile.

print (\p) Print current command.

prompt (\R) Change your mysql prompt.

rehash (\#) Rebuild completion hash.

source (\.) Execute an SQL script file. Takes a file name as an argument.

status (\s) Get status information from the server.

use (\u) Use another database. Takes database name as argument.

charset (\C) Switch to another charset. Might be needed for processing binlog with multi-byte charsets. < type="text/javascript">

warnings (\W) Show warnings after every statement.

nowarning (\w) Don't show warnings after every statement.

exit (\q) Exit mysql. Same as quit.

quit (\q) Quit mysql.

For server side help, type 'help contents'

4. 常用命令示例

a. mysql>?或者help

b. mysql> show databases \G

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Database: information_schema

*************************** 2. row ***************************

Database: broker

*************************** 3. row ***************************

Database: gene2p med

*************************** 4. row ***************************

Database: mysql

*************************** 5. row ***************************

Database: test

5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

c.

mysql>tee [outfile] 不输入outfile，则使用上次挂载的文件

mysql>notee 取消挂载

d. mysql>status 显示状态信息

e. mysql>use database_name

f.

定义一个文件sql_script，内容为sql语句，使用source执行文件中的sql script

如sql_script文件中保存show databases;

mysql>source sql_script

会显示sql_script中show databases;执行的结果

此外注意，获取server side的帮助可以使用 help contents命令

mysql>下输入help contents查询各种帮助。

当要完成某项功能的时候，又不知道该用哪个命令的时候可以在mysql>下输入help contents查询帮助文档，了解各个命令的功能。

2.

mysql>help contents获取查询结果

mysql> help contents

You asked for help about help category: "Contents"

For more information, type 'help <item>', where <item> is one of the following

categories:

Account Management

Administration

Data Definition

Data Manipulation

Data Types

Functions

Functions and Modifiers for Use with GROUP BY

Geographic Features

Lang ge Str ture

Storage Engines

Stored Routines

Table Maintenance

Transactions

Triggers

//如下highlight的命令为常用命令，通过help item_name可以查看其具体功能

帐号管理

mysql> help account management

You asked for help about help category: " Account Management"

For more information, type 'help <item>', where <item> is one of the following

topics:

CREATE USER

//创建一个用户

DROP USER

//删除一个用户

GRANT

//为用户赋予权限

RENAME USER

REVOKE

SET PASSWORD

//为某个用户设置帐户

数据库管理

mysql> help administration

You asked for help about help category: " Administration"

For more information, type 'help <item>', where <item> is one of the following

topics:

DESCRIBE

//描述信息，可以用它输出数据表结构，help DESCRIBE查看更多信息

FLUSH QRY CACHE

HELP COMMAND

HELP STATEMENT

数据定义

mysql> help data definition

You asked for help about help category: "Data Definition"

For more information, type 'help <item>', where <item> is one of the following

topics:

ALTER DATABASE

//修改数据库

ALTER TABLE

//修改数据表结构

ALTER VIEW

CONSTRAINT

CREATE DATABASE

//创建一个数据库

CREATE INDEX

//创建一个索引，help create index了解更多

CREATE TABLE

//创建一个数据表

CREATE VIEW

DROP DATABASE

DROP INDEX

DROP TABLE

DROP VIEW

MERGE

RENAME TABLE

数据操作

mysql> help data manipulation

You asked for help about help category: " Data Manipulation"

For more information, type 'help <item>', where <item> is one of the following

topics:

CACHE INDEX

CHANGE MASTER TO

DEALLOCATE PREPARE

DELETE

DO

D L

EXECUTE STATEMENT

EXPLAIN

Syntax:

EXPLAIN tbl_name

//等同于DESCRIBE table_name，显示数据表定义结构

Or:

EXPLAIN [EXTENDED] SELECT select_options

//显示MySQL执行SELECT语句的细节，方便采取优化策略

The EXPLAIN statement can be used either as a synonym for DESCRIBE or as a way to
obtain information about how MySQL executes a SELECTstatement:

o EXPLAIN tbl_name is synonymous with DESCRIBE tbl_name or SHOW COLUMNS FROM tbl_name.

o When you precede a SELECT statement with the keyword EXPLAIN, MySQL displays information
from the optimizer about the qry execution plan. That is, MySQL explains how it would process the SELECT, incl
ing information about how tables are joined and in which order.

FLUSH

HANDLER

INSERT

//插入数据

INSERT DELAYED

INSERT SELECT

//使用INSERT SELECT可以将从一个或多个数据表SELECT的结果插入到另一个表格中

JOIN

//MySQL中的多表连接操作，详细情况help join

KILL

//客户端连接到mysql的server即mysqld，都是独立的线程thread，通过show processlist可以查看连接到mysqld server的各个线程的id，通过kill可以结束当前连接(CONNECTION)或者查询(QRY)的线程

LOAD DATA

//从指定目录导入数据，help load data了解更多信息

LOAD DATA FROM MASTER

LOAD INDEX

LOAD TABLE FROM MASTER

PREPARE

PURGE MASTER LOGS

REPLACE INTO

RESET

RESET MASTER

RESET SLAVE

SELECT

//SELECT除了用于从数据库中检索满足所定义条件的制定列之外，还可以返回和任何table都无关的数据信息，如SELECT 1+1

SET

SET GLOBAL SQL_SLAVE_SKIP_COUNTER

SET SQL_LOG_BIN

SHOW has many forms that provide information about databases, tables,

columns, or status information about the server. This section describes

//MySQL的SHOW功能很强大，通过help show可以查看更加详细的功能，显示数据库，数据表以及列，以及Server的状态信息

SHOW

SHOW BINARY LOGS

SHOW BINLOG EVENTS

SHOW CHARACTER SET

SHOW COLLATION

SHOW COLUMNS

SHOW CREATE DATABASE

SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE

SHOW CREATE TABLE

SHOW CREATE VIEW

SHOW DATABASES

SHOW ENGINE

SHOW ENGINES

SHOW ERRORS

SHOW GRANTS

SHOW INDEX

SHOW INNODB STATUS

SHOW LOGS

SHOW MASTER STATUS

SHOW MUTEX STATUS

SHOW OPEN TABLES

SHOW PRIVILEGES

SHOW PROCEDURE CODE

SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS

SHOW PROCESSLIST

SHOW PROFILES

SHOW SLAVE HOSTS

SHOW SLAVE STATUS

SHOW STATUS

SHOW TABLE STATUS

SHOW TABLES

SHOW TRIGGERS

SHOW VARIABLES

SHOW WARNINGS

START SLAVE

STOP SLAVE

TRUNCATE TABLE

UNION

UPDATE

MySQL支持的数据类型

mysql> help data types

You asked for help about help category: "Data Types"

For more information, type 'help <item>', where <item> is one of the following

topics:

AUTO_INCREMENT

BIGINT

BINARY

BIT

BLOB

BLOB DATA TYPE

BOOLEAN

CHAR

CHAR BYTE

DATE

DATETIME

DEC

DECIMAL

DO LE

DO LE PRECISION

ENUM

FLOAT

INT

INTEGER

LONGBLOB

LONGTEXT

MEDIUMBLOB

MEDIUMINT

MEDIUMTEXT

SET DATA TYPE

SMALLINT

TEXT

TIME

TIMESTAMP

TINYBLOB

TINYINT

TINYTEXT

VARBINARY

VARCHAR

YEAR DATA TYPE

函数

mysql> help functions

You asked for help about help category: " Functions"

For more information, type 'help <item>', where <item> is one of the following

topics:

CREATE FUNCTION

DROP FUNCTION

PROCEDURE ANALYSE

categories:

Bit Functions

Comparison operators

Control flow functions

Date and Time Functions

Encryption Functions

Information Functions

Logical operators

Miscellaneous Functions

Numeric Functions

String Functions

等等更多

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