python_在无须过多援引的情况下创建字典

1. 使用itertools模块

import itertools
the_key = ['ab','22',33]
the_vale = ['aaaa',"dddddddd",'22222222222']
d = dict(itertools.izip(the_key,the_vale))
print d

2.　加参数

dict = dict(red = 1,bule = 2,yellow = 3)
print dict

结果为：{'yellow': 3, 'bule': 2, 'red': 1}

3.使用内置的zip函数

zip([iterable,...])返回一个列表，

the_key = ['ab','22',33]
the_vale = ['aaaa',"dddddddd",'22222222222']
dict2 = dict(zip(the_key,the_vale))
print type(zip(the_key,the_vale))
print dict2

结果：

<type 'list'>

{33: '22222222222', 'ab': 'aaaa', '22': 'dddddddd'}

4.dict的fromkeys函数

创建的每个键有相同的value

fromkeys(seq[,value])
Create a new dictionary with keys from seq and values set to value.

the_key = ['ab','22',33]
the_vale = 0
d = dict.fromkeys(the_key,the_vale)
print

结果：{33: 0, 'ab': 0, '22': 0}

import string
count_by_letter = dict.fromkeys(string.ascii_lowercase,0)
print count_by_letter

结果：{'a': 0, 'c': 0, 'b': 0, 'e': 0, 'd': 0, 'g': 0, 'f': 0, 'i': 0, 'h': 0, 'k': 0, 'j': 0, 'm': 0, 'l': 0, 'o': 0, 'n': 0, 'q': 0, 'p': 0, 's': 0, 'r': 0, 'u': 0, 't': 0, 'w': 0, 'v': 0, 'y': 0, 'x': 0, 'z': 0}