Spring事务配置的五种方式
2011-11-09 16:12
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总结如下:
Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分,分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分,无论哪种配置方式,一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。
DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化,比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时,DataSource实际为SessionFactory,TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。
具体如下图:
![](http://www.blogjava.net/images/blogjava_net/robbie/WindowsLiveWriter/Spring_9C9C/Spring%E4%BA%8B%E5%8A%A1%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%20(2)_thumb.jpg)
根据代理机制的不同,总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式,配置文件如下:
第一种方式:每个Bean都有一个代理
<!--
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/
--><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
<beanid="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<propertyname="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
<propertyname="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务)-->
<bean
id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<propertyname="sessionFactory"
ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置DAO-->
<beanid="userDaoTarget"
class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
<propertyname="sessionFactory"
ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<beanid="userDao"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
<!-- 配置事务管理器-->
<propertyname="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
<propertyname="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />
<propertyname="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />
12c0b
;
<!-- 配置事务属性-->
<propertyname="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<propkey="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
第二种方式:所有Bean共享一个代理基类
<!--
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/
--><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
<beanid="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<propertyname="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
<propertyname="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务)-->
<bean
id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<propertyname="sessionFactory"
ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<beanid="transactionBase"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"
lazy-init="true" abstract="true">
<!-- 配置事务管理器-->
<propertyname="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
<!-- 配置事务属性-->
<propertyname="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<propkey="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置DAO
-->
<beanid="userDaoTarget"
class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
<propertyname="sessionFactory"
ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<beanid="userDao" parent="transactionBase" >
<propertyname="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />
</bean>
</beans>
第三种方式:使用拦截器
<!--
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/
--><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
<beanid="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<propertyname="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
<propertyname="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务)-->
<bean
id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<propertyname="sessionFactory"
ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<bean
id="transactionInterceptor"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">
<propertyname="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
<!-- 配置事务属性-->
<propertyname="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<propkey="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<beanclass="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">
<propertyname="beanNames">
<list>
<value>*Dao</value>
</list>
</property>
<propertyname="interceptorNames">
<list>
<value>transactionInterceptor</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置DAO
-->
<beanid="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
<propertyname="sessionFactory"
ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
</beans>
第四种方式:使用tx标签配置的拦截器
<!--
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/
--><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
<context:annotation-config/>
<context:component-scanbase-package="com.bluesky" />
<beanid="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<propertyname="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
<propertyname="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务)-->
<bean
id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<propertyname="sessionFactory"
ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<tx:adviceid="txAdvice"
transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:methodname="*"
propagation="REQUIRED" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcutid="interceptorPointCuts"
expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />
<aop:advisoradvice-ref="txAdvice"
pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />
</aop:config>
</beans>
第五种方式:全注解
<!--
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/
-->
<!--
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/
--><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
<context:annotation-config/>
<context:component-scanbase-package="com.bluesky" />
<tx:annotation-driventransaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
<beanid="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<propertyname="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
<propertyname="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务)-->
<bean
id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<propertyname="sessionFactory"
ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
</beans>
此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解,如下:
<!--
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/
-->package com.bluesky.spring.dao;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;
@Transactional
@Component("userDao")
public class UserDaoImplextends HibernateDaoSupportimplements
UserDao {
public List<User>
listUsers() {
return this.getSession().createQuery("from
User").list();
}
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/dot.gif)
}
Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分,分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分,无论哪种配置方式,一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。
DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化,比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时,DataSource实际为SessionFactory,TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。
具体如下图:
![](http://www.blogjava.net/images/blogjava_net/robbie/WindowsLiveWriter/Spring_9C9C/Spring%E4%BA%8B%E5%8A%A1%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%20(2)_thumb.jpg)
根据代理机制的不同,总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式,配置文件如下:
第一种方式:每个Bean都有一个代理
<!--
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/
--><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
<beanid="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<propertyname="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
<propertyname="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务)-->
<bean
id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<propertyname="sessionFactory"
ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置DAO-->
<beanid="userDaoTarget"
class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
<propertyname="sessionFactory"
ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<beanid="userDao"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
<!-- 配置事务管理器-->
<propertyname="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
<propertyname="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />
<propertyname="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />
12c0b
;
<!-- 配置事务属性-->
<propertyname="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<propkey="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
第二种方式:所有Bean共享一个代理基类
<!--
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/
--><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
<beanid="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<propertyname="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
<propertyname="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务)-->
<bean
id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<propertyname="sessionFactory"
ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<beanid="transactionBase"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"
lazy-init="true" abstract="true">
<!-- 配置事务管理器-->
<propertyname="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
<!-- 配置事务属性-->
<propertyname="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<propkey="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置DAO
-->
<beanid="userDaoTarget"
class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
<propertyname="sessionFactory"
ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<beanid="userDao" parent="transactionBase" >
<propertyname="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />
</bean>
</beans>
第三种方式:使用拦截器
<!--
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/
--><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
<beanid="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<propertyname="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
<propertyname="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务)-->
<bean
id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<propertyname="sessionFactory"
ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<bean
id="transactionInterceptor"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">
<propertyname="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
<!-- 配置事务属性-->
<propertyname="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<propkey="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<beanclass="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">
<propertyname="beanNames">
<list>
<value>*Dao</value>
</list>
</property>
<propertyname="interceptorNames">
<list>
<value>transactionInterceptor</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置DAO
-->
<beanid="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
<propertyname="sessionFactory"
ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
</beans>
第四种方式:使用tx标签配置的拦截器
<!--
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/
--><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
<context:annotation-config/>
<context:component-scanbase-package="com.bluesky" />
<beanid="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<propertyname="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
<propertyname="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务)-->
<bean
id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<propertyname="sessionFactory"
ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<tx:adviceid="txAdvice"
transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:methodname="*"
propagation="REQUIRED" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcutid="interceptorPointCuts"
expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />
<aop:advisoradvice-ref="txAdvice"
pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />
</aop:config>
</beans>
第五种方式:全注解
<!--
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/
-->
<!--
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/
--><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
<context:annotation-config/>
<context:component-scanbase-package="com.bluesky" />
<tx:annotation-driventransaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
<beanid="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<propertyname="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
<propertyname="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务)-->
<bean
id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<propertyname="sessionFactory"
ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
</beans>
此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解,如下:
<!--
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)
http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/
-->package com.bluesky.spring.dao;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;
@Transactional
@Component("userDao")
public class UserDaoImplextends HibernateDaoSupportimplements
UserDao {
public List<User>
listUsers() {
return this.getSession().createQuery("from
User").list();
}
![](http://www.blogjava.net/Images/dot.gif)
}
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