使用mapserver+qgis+openlayers搭建webGIS

自己今天一步一步做的，总结如下。

0. 检查

检查当前MS4W是否支持OGC WMS服务

使用DOS命令行进入MS4W的安装路径（如D:\ms4w\Apache\cgi-bin）， 执行mapserv -v

C:\ms4w\Apache\cgi-bin>mapserv-v

MapServerversion 5.2.1 OUTPUT=GIF OUTPUT=PNG OUTPUT=JPEG OUTPUT=WBMP OUTPUT=PDF

OUTPUT=SWF OUTPUT=SVG SUPPORTS=PROJSUPPORTS=AGG SUPPORTS=FREETYPE SUPPORTS=ICO

NVSUPPORTS=FRIBIDI SUPPORTS=WMS_SERVER SUPPORTS=WMS_CLIENT SUPPORTS=WFS_SERVER

SUPPORTS=WFS_CLIENTSUPPORTS=WCS_SERVER SUPPORTS=SOS_SERVER SUPPORTS=FASTCGI SUP

PORTS=THREADSSUPPORTS=GEOS SUPPORTS=RGBA_PNG INPUT=JPEG INPUT=POSTGIS INPUT=OGR

INPUT=GDAL INPUT=SHAPEFILE

1. 安装qgis

下载osgeo4w-setup.exe 最新版，直接运行，选择桌面GIS即可

安装完成后如下



2. 运行QGIS,生成*.map文件

在插件选项中，添加 mapserver export 插件



打开几个shp图层，右击每个图层，在属性中设置使用oldsymbology,否则不能导出到mapserver



选了3个图层，生成的map文件如下：

# Map file created from QGIS project file I:/GIS/freeGIS/QGIS/chianmap_final.qgs

# Edit this file to customize for your map interface

# (Created with PyQgis MapServer Export plugin)

MAP

NAME"QGIS-MAP"

# Map image size

SIZE 1200 800

UNITS meters



EXTENT 49.189774-3.159989 173.282634 76.327090

FONTSET'fontset.txt'

SYMBOLSET'symbols.txt'

PROJECTION

'proj=longlat'

'ellps=WGS84'

'towgs84=0,0,0,0,0,0,0'

'no_defs'

END



# Backgroundcolor for the map canvas -- change as desired

IMAGECOLOR 255255 255

IMAGEQUALITY 95

IMAGETYPE agg



OUTPUTFORMAT

NAME agg

DRIVER AGG/PNG

IMAGEMODE RGB

END

# Legend

LEGEND

IMAGECOLOR255 255 255

STATUS ON

KEYSIZE 18 12

LABEL

TYPE BITMAP

SIZE MEDIUM

COLOR 0 0 89

END

END



# Web interfacedefinition. Only the template parameter

# is required todisplay a map. See MapServer documentation

WEB

# Set IMAGEPATHto the path where MapServer should

# write itsoutput.

IMAGEPATH'/tmp/'



# Set IMAGEURLto the url that points to IMAGEPATH

# as defined inyour web server configuration

IMAGEURL'/tmp/'



# WMS serversettings

METADATA

'ows_title' 'QGIS-MAP'

'ows_onlineresource' 'http://192.168.1.94:8080/cgi-bin/mapserv.exe?map=I:/GIS/freeGIS/QGIS/tt.map'

'ows_srs' 'EPSG:4326'

END



#Scale range atwhich web interface will operate

# Template andheader/footer settings

# Only thetemplate parameter is required to display a map. See MapServer documentation

TEMPLATE'fooOnlyForWMSGetFeatureInfo'

END



LAYER

NAME 'bou2_4p'

TYPE POLYGON

DUMP true

TEMPLATEfooOnlyForWMSGetFeatureInfo

EXTENT 49.189774-3.159989 173.282634 76.327090

DATA'I:\GIS\maps\chinamap_final\bou2_4p.shp'

METADATA

'ows_title' 'bou2_4p'

END

STATUS OFF

TRANSPARENCY100

PROJECTION

'proj=longlat'

'ellps=WGS84'

'towgs84=0,0,0,0,0,0,0'

'no_defs'

END

CLASS

NAME'bou2_4p'

STYLE

WIDTH 1

OUTLINECOLOR 0 0 0

COLOR 21091 200

END

END

END



LAYER

NAME'chinaMapL'

TYPE LINE

DUMP true

TEMPLATEfooOnlyForWMSGetFeatureInfo

EXTENT 49.189774-3.159989 173.282634 76.327090

DATA'I:\GIS\maps\chinamap_final\chinaMapL.shp'

METADATA

'ows_title''chinaMapL'

END

STATUS OFF

TRANSPARENCY100

PROJECTION

'proj=longlat'

'ellps=WGS84'

'towgs84=0,0,0,0,0,0,0'

'no_defs'

END

CLASS

NAME'chinaMapL'

STYLE

WIDTH 1

COLOR 182134 241

END

END

END



LAYER

NAME 'railway'

TYPE LINE

DUMP true

TEMPLATEfooOnlyForWMSGetFeatureInfo

EXTENT 49.189774-3.159989 173.282634 76.327090

DATA'I:\GIS\maps\chinamap_final\railway.shp'

METADATA

'ows_title''railway'

END

STATUS OFF

TRANSPARENCY100

PROJECTION

'proj=longlat'

'ellps=WGS84'

'towgs84=0,0,0,0,0,0,0'

'no_defs'

END

CLASS

NAME'railway'

STYLE

WIDTH 1

COLOR 13595 134

END

END

END



END



注意需要把里面的WIDTH 改为1，之前是0.91，否则会出错

在apache目录的htdocs下新建一map文件夹，将字体、symbols等文件



并且把map文件里面的FONTSET 和SYMBOLSET修改如下：

FONTSET 'fontset.txt'
SYMBOLSET 'symbols.txt'


3. 用浏览器访问地图服务

http://192.168.1.94:8080/cgi-bin/mapserv.exe?MAP=C:/ms4w/Apache/htdocs/map/tt.map&LAYERS=ALL&MODE=MAP



4. 更改apache的设置

在\Apache\cgi-bin复制mapserv.exe一份，改名xmap.exe

打开ms4w安装目录\Apache\conf\httpd.conf编辑
最后一行添加：



#用于碰到url中有/cgi-bin/xmap.exe，就调用../htdocs/map/test.map作为地图
SetEnvIf Request_URI "/cgi-bin/xmap.exe"MS_MAPFILE=../htdocs/map/test.map
然后使用浏览器访问
http://192.168.1.94:8080/cgi-bin/xmap.exe?LAYERS=ALL&MODE=MAP
结果如下：



5. 在openlayers 中调用
在调用自己的mapserver发布的wms服务时，地图的option中，单位需要与wms的单位一致，如 units : "dd",否则距离量算不准确。
最大最小分辨率决定了地图在最小最大缩放时的大小

必须设置一个图层为基层图层，其他图层为非基基础图层，并且透明度设置为true，如下：
var layer1 = new OpenLayers.Layer.WMS("layer1", "http://localhost:8080/cgi-bin/xmap.exe?",{ layers: 'railway',transparent: "true",IMAGETYPE: 'PNG'}, { isBaseLayer: false});
var layer2 = new OpenLayers.Layer.WMS("layer2", "http://localhost:8080/cgi-bin/xmap.exe?",{ layers: 'chinaMapL',transparent: "true",IMAGETYPE: 'PNG'}, { isBaseLayer: false});
var layer3 = new OpenLayers.Layer.WMS("layer3", "http://localhost:8080/cgi-bin/xmap.exe?",{ layers: 'bou2_4p',IMAGETYPE: 'PNG'}, { isBaseLayer: true});
map.addLayers([layer1,layer2,layer3]);
如下：



6. Qgis中可以设置地图显示样式，比如polygon对象的颜色分级，label标注字段、字体，图层的显示比例尺范围等。
设置好以后，还是直接导出为mapserver所需的*.map文件，注意修改里面的
FONTSET 'fontset.txt'

SYMBOLSET 'symbols.txt'

以及WIDTH为1.
就可以用了，实时渲染就是非常慢，本机都慢。

7. 下一步用mapserver发布WFS。

add:
symbols.txt的内容如下，直接拷贝即可：
Symbol

Name 'tent'

Type VECTOR

Filled TRUE

Points

0 1

.5 0

1 1

.75 1

.5 .5

.25 1

0 1

END

END

Symbol

Name 'star'

Type VECTOR

Filled TRUE

Points

0 .375

.35 .375

.5 0

.65 .375

1 .375

.75 .625

.875 1

.5 .75

.125 1

.25 .625

END

END

Symbol

Name 'triangle'

Type VECTOR

Filled TRUE

Points

0 1

.5 0

1 1

0 1

END

END

Symbol

Name 'square'

Type VECTOR

Filled TRUE

Points

0 1

0 0

1 0

1 1

0 1

END

END

Symbol

Name 'plus'

Type VECTOR

Points

.5 0

.5 1

-99 -99

0 .5

1 .5

END

END

Symbol

Name 'cross'

Type VECTOR

Points

0 0

1 1

-99 -99

0 1

1 0

END

END

Symbol

Name 'circle'

Type ELLIPSE

Filled TRUE

Points

1 1

END

END

Symbol

Type VECTOR

TRANSPARENT 0

Points

0 1

1 1

END

END

Symbol

Type VECTOR

TRANSPARENT 0

Points

1 0

1 1

END

END

Symbol

Type VECTOR

TRANSPARENT 0

Points

0 0

1 1

END

END

Symbol

Type VECTOR

TRANSPARENT 0

Points

0 1

1 0

END

END

Symbol

Type VECTOR

Points

0 1

1 0

-99 -99

0 0

1 1

END

END

Symbol

Type ELLIPSE

Filled TRUE

Points

1 1

END

END

fontset.txt内容如下：
simhei Fonts\simhei.ttf

arial Fonts\arial.ttf

simfang Fonts\simfang.ttf

simkai Fonts\simkai.ttf

Fonts文件夹内容如下，你只拷贝fontset.txt中的字体文件进去即可：