linux安装jdk环境

转载自

http://www.java.com/en/download/help/linux_install.xml#install

This article applies to:

Platform(s): Red Hat Linux, SUSE Linux, Oracle Linux, Oracle Enterprise Linux, SLES

Browser(s): All Browsers

Java version(s): 6.0, 6u10+


Linux System Requirements

See supported System
Configurations for information about supported platforms, operating systems, desktop managers, and browsers.
You will also need a Pentium 166MHz or faster processor with a minimum of 75MB free disk space and a minimum of 32MB of RAM. 

Note:
For downloading Java for other flavors of Linux see Java
for Ubuntu, Java
for Fedora 

Follow
these steps to download and install Java for Linux.

Download

Install

Enable
and Configure


Download

Go to http://java.com and
click on the Download button

There are two types of installation packages. 

Linux self extracting binary file

This file can be used to install Java in a location chosen by the user and can be installed by anyone (not only root users). As long as you are not root user, it cannot displace the system version of the Java platform suppled by Linux. 

Linux RPM package

Linux RPM (Redhat Package Manager) uses RPM to install Java. In order to use this method, you need to have RPM available on your system. Otherwise use the other option.

Download the package that best suits your needs. You can download the file to any of the directories on your system.

Download and check the download file size to ensure that you have downloaded the full, uncorrupted software bundle.

Before you download the file, notice its byte size provided on the download page on the web site.

Once the download has completed, compare that file size to the size of the downloaded file to make sure they are equal.


Install

Linux
self extracting binary file

Linux
RPM package

Note: The instructions below are for installing Java 6. If you're-installing another version, make sure you change the version number appropriately when you type the commands at the terminal. 


To
install the Linux (self-extracting) file
Follow these instructions:

Change the permission of the file you downloaded to be executable. Type:

chmod
a+x jre-6u<version>-linux-i586.bin

Verify that you have permission to execute the file. Type:

ls
-l

Change to the directory in which you want to install. Type:

cd
<directory path name>

For example, to install the software in the /usr/java/ directory, Type:

cd
/usr/java/

Note about root access: To install Java in a system-wide location such as /usr/local, you must login as the root user to gain the necessary permissions. If you do not have root access, install the Java in your home directory or a subdirectory
for which you have write permissions.

Run the self-extracting binary Type:

./jre-6u<version>-linux-i586.bin

The license agreement is displayed. Review the agreement. Press the spacebar to display the next page. At the end, enter yes to proceed with the installation.

Java is installed into its own directory. In this example, it is installed in the

/usr/java/jre1.6.0_<version>

 directory.
When the installation has completed, you will see the word Done.



Verify that the 

jre1.6.0_<version>

 sub-directory
is listed under the current directory. Type:

ls

The installation is now complete. Skip to the Enable
and Configure section.


To
install the Linux RPM file
Follow these instructions:

Become the root user by running the su command and entering the super-user password.

At the terminal: Type:

su

Enter the root password.

Change to the directory in which you want to install. Type:

cd
<directory>

For example, to install the software in the /usr/java/ directory, Type:

cd
/usr/java

Note about root access: To install Java in a system-wide location such as/usr/local, you must login as the root user to gain the necessary permissions. If you do not have root access, install Java in your home directory
or a subdirectory for which you have write permissions.

Change the permission of the file you downloaded to be executable. Type:

chmod
a+x jre-6u<version>-linux-i586-rpm.bin

Start the installation process. Type:

./jre-6u<version>-linux-i586-rpm.bin

The license agreement is displayed. Review the agreement. Press the spacebar to display the next page. At the end, enter yes to proceed with the installation.

The installation file creates and runs the file 

jre-6<version>-linux-i586.rpm

 in
the current directory.



Verify that the 

jre1.6.0_<version>

 sub-directory
is listed under the current directory. Type:

ls

The installation is now complete. Go to the Enable
and Configure section.


Enable
and Configure

Firefox or Mozilla
To configure the Java Plugin follow these steps:

Exit Firefox browser if it is already running.

Uninstall any previous installations of Java Plugin.

Only one Java Plugin can be used at a time. When you want to use a different plugin, or version of a plugin, remove the symbolic links to any other versions and create a fresh symbolic link to the new one.

Create a symbolic link to the 

libnpjp2.so

 file
in the browser plugins directory

Go to the plugins sub-directory under the Firefox installation directory

cd
<Firefox installation directory>/plugins

Create the symbolic link 

ln
-s <Java installation directory>/lib/i386/libnpjp2.so

Note: If you are upgrading your Java version then before creating new symbolic link you should remove old symbolic link to enable latest downloaded Java.

To remove old symbolic link:

type 

cd
<Firefox installation directory>/plugins

rm
libjavaplugin_oji.so

Example

If Firefox is installed at this directory:

/usr/lib/<Firefox
installation directory>

And if the Java is installed at this directory:

/usr/java/<Java
installation directory>

Then type in the terminal window to go to the browser plug-in directory:

/usr/lib/<Firefox
installation directory>/plugin

Enter the following command to create a symbolic link to the Java Plug-in for the Mozilla browser.

ln
-s /usr/java/<Java installation directory>/lib/i386/libnpjp2.so

Start the Firefox browser, or restart it if it is already up. 

In Firefox, type about:plugins in the Location bar to confirm that the Java Plugin is loaded. You can also click the Tools menu to confirm that Java Console is there.