[学习整理] VNC相关命令，配置gnome，以及常见错误处理

一、VNC相关命令：vncconfig vncpasswd vncserver vncviewer

1.检查vnc客户端(tscleint/vncviewer)和服务器是否已经安装在你的系统中
# rpm -qa|grep vnc
vnc-4.1.2-14.el5_3.1
vnc-server-4.1.2-14.el5_3.1
如果没有安装vncviewer，那么运行：
# yum install vnc
客户端我们也可以使用tscleint。
2.配置vncserver
vim /etc/sysconfig/vncservers
增加：VNCSERVERS="1:root"
3.vncpasswd创建一个vnc的口令
注意这将同时在你的home目录下，创建一个隐藏的目录.vnc，其中有一个文件passwd保存着你的vnc口令.
4. #service vncserver start

5. # vncserver
（第一次启动时，需要指定一个密码）
You will require a password to access your desktops.
Password:
Verify:
New 'lpi:1 (root)' desktop is lpi:1
Creating default startup script /root/.vnc/xstartup
Starting applications specified in /root/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /root/.vnc/lpi:1.log
可以以多个用户身份，启动多个VNC，共享多个用户的桌面：
# lsof -i:{5901,5904}
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE NODE NAME
Xvnc 2373 root 4u IPv4 6975 TCP *:5901 (LISTEN)
Xvnc 4236 test 4u IPv4 16231 TCP *:5904 (LISTEN)
可以手工指定display#,例如：
# vncserver :99
New 'lpi.123.com:99 (root)' desktop is server01.123.com:99
Starting applications specified in /root/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /root/.vnc/server01.123.com:99.log
6.停止 vncserver
(vncserver -kill :display#):
# vncserver -kill :1
Killing Xvnc process ID 2373
7.设置自动运行:ntsysv

8.VNC给浏览器的端口是5800+N，给vncviewer的端口是5900+N，N是设置的display号
http://192.168.1.1:5801/
ultravnc:192.168.1.1:5901
# lsof -i:5801,5901
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE NODE NAME
Xvnc 31742 root 4u IPv4 51969 TCP *:5901 (LISTEN)
Xvnc 31742 root 5u IPv4 51970 TCP *:5801 (LISTEN)
9.修改VNC密码
# vncpasswd /root/.vnc/passwd
Password:
Verify:
VNC日志文件位于：$HOME/.vnc下的log文件，此目录也包含了一个VNC的xstartup启动文件。
 
 

二、配置以GNOME方式显示，修改xstartup文件

#!/bin/sh
# Uncomment the following two lines for normal desktop:
unset SESSION_MANAGER
exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc
[ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] && exec /etc/vnc/xstartup
[ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources
xsetroot -solid grey
vncconfig -iconic &
xterm -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" &
gnome-session &
# tsclient
 

三、常见错误

1）出现错误：unable to connect to host: Connection refused (111)
一般是没有指定连接的display＃,例如地址输入：192.168.1.1出错，192.168.1.1:1就正确了
VNCserver auto run
2）启动vncserver服务时，出现no displays configured :此错误，请编辑vncservers文件
#vim /etc/sysconfig/vncservers
# The VNCSERVERS variable is a list of display:user pairs.
#
# Uncomment the lines below to start a VNC server on display :2
# as my 'myusername' (adjust this to your own). You will also
# need to set a VNC password; run 'man vncpasswd' to see how
# to do that.
#
# DO NOT RUN THIS SERVICE if your local area network is
# untrusted! For a secure way of using VNC, see
# URL:http://www.uk.research.att.com/archive/vnc/sshvnc.html.
# Use "-nolisten tcp" to prevent X connections to your VNC server via TCP.
# Use "-nohttpd" to prevent web-based VNC clients connecting.
# Use "-localhost" to prevent remote VNC clients connecting except when
# doing so through a secure tunnel. See the "-via" option in the
# `man vncviewer' manual page.
VNCSERVERS="1:root"
VNCSERVERARGS[2]="-geometry 800x600 -nolisten tcp -nohttpd -localhost"