您的位置:首页 > 其它

DWR Server Push(服务器推技术) 实现即时聊天

2011-05-11 11:13 741 查看
当你有QQ消息时,QQ小图标会晃动,我们甚至还可以设定QQ有消息时,自动弹出来!
这些在C/S模式下很容易实现!如果要在B/S模式如何来实现呢?
我们肯定会想到在客服端调用ajax在后台不断查询服务器.看是否有关于自己消息.如果有则查询返回.这种做法肯定会大量占用系统资源!不可取!
现在DWR反转AJAX功能.允许我们从服务器端来控制客服端.而不需要客户端来请求.服务器可以自动把消息发给指定客户端!

以下DEMO,已经实现了对指定用户发送消息功能,并且即时显示在指定用户界面上面.当然你可以修改这些,让它弹出来显示,或者像QQ一样在你页面某个角落让消息图标闪动:)
下面我做一个简单说明:

用户JAVABEAN User.java
package com.chat;

/**
* 用户
*
*
*/
public class User {

private String userid;

private String username;

public String getUserid() {
return userid;
}

public void setUserid(String userid) {
this.userid = userid;
}

public String getUsername() {
return username;
}

public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}

public User(String userid, String username) {
super();
this.userid = userid;
this.username = username;
}

}

聊天处理类 ChatManager.java

package com.chat;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.directwebremoting.ScriptSession;
import org.directwebremoting.ServerContext;
import org.directwebremoting.ServerContextFactory;
import org.directwebremoting.WebContextFactory;
import org.directwebremoting.proxy.dwr.Util;

/**
* 处理聊天相关
*
*
*/
public class ChatManager {

/** 保存当前在线用户列表 */
public static List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();

/**
* 更新在线用户列表
* @param username 待添加到列表用户名
* @param flag 是添加用户到列表,还是只获得当前列表
* @param request
* @return 用户userid
*/
public String updateUsersList(String username, boolean flag, HttpServletRequest request) {
User user = null;
if (flag) {
// 这里取会话(HttpSession)id为用户id
user = new User(request.getSession().getId(), username);
//保存用户到列表
users.add(user);
//将用户id和页面脚本session绑定
this.setScriptSessionFlag(user.getUserid());
}
//获得DWR上下文
ServletContext sc = request.getSession().getServletContext();
ServerContext sctx = ServerContextFactory.get(sc);
//获得当前浏览 index.jsp 页面所有脚本session
Collection sessions = sctx.getScriptSessionsByPage("/chat/index.jsp");
Util util = new Util(sessions);
//处理这些页面中一些元素
util.removeAllOptions("users");
util.addOptions("users", users, "username");
util.removeAllOptions("receiver");
util.addOptions("receiver", users,"userid","username");
if(!flag){
return null;
}
return user.getUserid();
}

/**
* 将用户id和页面脚本session绑定
* @param userid
*/
public void setScriptSessionFlag(String userid) {
WebContextFactory.get().getScriptSession().setAttribute("userid", userid);
}

/**
* 根据用户id获得指定用户页面脚本session
* @param userid
* @param request
* @return
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public ScriptSession getScriptSession(String userid, HttpServletRequest request) {
ScriptSession scriptSessions = null;
Collection<ScriptSession> sessions = new HashSet<ScriptSession>();
sessions.addAll(ServerContextFactory.get(request.getSession().getServletContext())
.getScriptSessionsByPage("/chat/index.jsp"));
for (ScriptSession session : sessions) {
String xuserid = (String) session.getAttribute("userid");
if (xuserid != null && xuserid.equals(userid)) {
scriptSessions = session;
}
}
return scriptSessions;
}

/**
* 发送消息
* @param sender 发送者
* @param receiverid 接收者id
* @param msg 消息内容
* @param request
*/
public void send(String sender,String receiverid,String msg,HttpServletRequest request){
ScriptSession session = this.getScriptSession(receiverid, request);
Util util = new Util(session);
util.setStyle("showMessage", "display", "");
util.setValue("sender", sender);
util.setValue("msg", msg);
}
}

聊天主页面 index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="GBK"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>chat</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<script type='text/javascript' src='dwr/interface/ChatManager.js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='dwr/engine.js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='dwr/util.js'></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="chat/chat.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<input type="hidden" name="userid" />
<br>
昵称:
<input type="text" name="username" />
<input type="button" value="注册" onclick="register(this);" />
<br />
<br />
我要对
<select name="receiver" id="receiver" disabled=true" >
</select>
说:
<input type="text" name="message" id="message" disabled="true" />
<input type="button" value="发送" id="send" name="send" disabled="true"
onclick="send();" />
<br />
<br />
在线用户列表:
<ul id="users">
</ul>

<div id="showMessage" style="display: none">
<span id="sender"></span>对你说:
<span id="msg"></span>
</div>
</body>
</html>

JAVASCRIPT 文件 chat.js

/**
* 注册帐号
*/
function register(button) {
if ($('username').value == "" || $('username').value.length <= 0) {
alert("请输入昵称");
return;
}

/* 下面是对一些按钮禁用和激活操作 */
$('username').disabled = true;
button.disabled = true;
$('message').disabled = false;
$('send').disabled = false;
$('receiver').disabled = false;

/* 把我输入用户名注册到服务器,并获得用户id(这里用session id 代替) */
ChatManager.updateUsersList($('username').value, true, function(data) {
if (data != null && data.length > 0) {
$('userid').value = data; // 注册成功,把userid放到当前页面
}
});
}

/**
* 页面初始化
*/
function init() {
dwr.engine.setActiveReverseAjax(true); // 激活反转 重要
ChatManager.updateUsersList(null, false); // 当你打开界面时候,先获得在线用户列表.
}

/**
* 发送消息
*/
function send() {
var sender = dwr.util.getValue('username'); // 获得发送者名字
var receiver = dwr.util.getValue('receiver'); // 获得接受者id
var msg = dwr.util.getValue('message'); // 获得消息内容
ChatManager.send(sender, receiver, msg); // 发送消息
}

window.onload = init;//页面加载完毕后执行初始化方法init

配置文件 web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dwr-invoker</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>
org.directwebremoting.servlet.DwrServlet
</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<description>调试DWR,发布系统时应将其设为false</description>
<param-name>debug</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<description>使用服务器推技术(反转AJAX)</description>
<param-name>activeReverseAjaxEnabled</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>
initApplicationScopeCreatorsAtStartup
</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>maxWaitAfterWrite</param-name>
<param-value>100</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>4</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dwr-invoker</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/dwr/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

DWR配置文件 dwr.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE dwr PUBLIC "-//GetAhead Limited//DTD Direct Web Remoting 2.0//EN" "http://getahead.org/dwr/dwr20.dtd">
<dwr>
<allow>
<convert converter="bean" match="com.chat.User" />
<create creator="new" javascript="ChatManager">
<param name="class" value="com.chat.ChatManager" />
</create>
</allow>
</dwr>

engine.js 和 util.js 是 dwr 自带,在 dwr.jar 包中可以找到。 ChatManager.js 是由 DWRServlet 根据 dwr.xml 中定义自动生成。要想查看可以在浏览器地址栏输入:

http://localhost:8080/chat/dwr/interface/ChatManager.js 结果如下

// Provide a default path to dwr.engine
if (dwr == null) var dwr = {};
if (dwr.engine == null) dwr.engine = {};
if (DWREngine == null) var DWREngine = dwr.engine;
if (ChatManager == null) var ChatManager = {};
ChatManager._path = '/chat/dwr';
ChatManager.send = function(p0, p1, p2, callback) {
dwr.engine._execute(ChatManager._path, 'ChatManager', 'send', p0, p1, p2, false, callback);
}
ChatManager.getScriptSession = function(p0, callback) {
dwr.engine._execute(ChatManager._path, 'ChatManager', 'getScriptSession', p0, false, callback);
}
ChatManager.updateUsersList = function(p0, p1, callback) {
dwr.engine._execute(ChatManager._path, 'ChatManager', 'updateUsersList', p0, p1, false, callback);
}
ChatManager.setScriptSessionFlag = function(p0, callback) {
dwr.engine._execute(ChatManager._path, 'ChatManager', 'setScriptSessionFlag', p0, callback);
}

内容来自用户分享和网络整理,不保证内容的准确性,如有侵权内容,可联系管理员处理 点击这里给我发消息
标签: