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Kickstart Pxe 自动批量安装Linux系统

2011-05-02 18:45 871 查看
远程安装系统过程:PXE网卡启动——DHCP服务器——获得IP——从TFTP上下载pxelinux.0、

vmlinuz、initrd——启动系统——通过PXElinux去nfs下载ks.cfg文件—–根据ks.cfg去nfs下载安装文件。

载RPM包及安装系统——完成安装

1. 搭建tftp,dhcpf服务器

#yum install tftp* dhcp*

#vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

1. service tftp

2. {

3. disable = no

4. socket_type = dgram

5. protocol = udp

6. wait = yes

7. user = root

8. server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd

9. server_args = -u nobody -s /tftpboot

10. per_source = 11

11. cps = 100 2

12. flags = IPv4

13. }

需要修改1个地方

disable = no 修改为yes
#cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-3.0.5/dhcpd.conf.sample /etc/dhcpd.conf

#vim /etc/dhcpd.conf (修改成如下)

ddns-update-style interim;

ignore client-updates;

next-server 192.168.0.100;

filename “pxelinux.0″;

authoritative;

allow booting;

allow bootp;

subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.252.0

{

option routers 192.168.0.1;

option subnet-mask 255.255.252.0;

option domain-name “mapbar.com”;

option domain-name-servers 192.168.0.10;

range dynamic-bootp 192.168.0.100 192.168.0.200;

default-lease-time 21600;

max-lease-time 43200;

}

ddns-update-style interim; /*dhcp支持的dns动态更新方式*/

ignore client-updates; /*忽略客户端DNS动态更新*/

authoritative; /*授权*/

allow booting; /*支持PXE启动*/

allow bootp; /*支持boottp*/

subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.252.0 /*作用域*/

option routers 192.168.0.1; 网关的IP地址

range dynamic-bootp 192.168.0.100 192.168.0.200; 分配给客户端的IP地址范围

default-lease-time 21600; /*租期,秒数*/

max-lease-time 43200; /*最大租期,秒数*/

next-server 192.168.0.100; /*TFTPServer的IP*/

filename “pxelinux.0″; /*Bootstrap文件*/

2.配置支持PXE

mount /dev/cdrom /mnt && mkdir /centosinstall && cp –rf /mnt/* /centosinstall &&

vi /etc/exports

/centosinstall *(rw,sync)

启动服务

service dhcpd start

service portmap start

service nfs start

mkdir /tftpboot tftp的根目录

cp /usr/lib/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /tftpboot

cp /mnt/images/pxeboot/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /tftpboot

mkdir /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg

cp /mnt/isolinux/isolinux.cfg pxelinux.cfg/default

vim /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default (修改配置如下:)

default linux

prompt 1

timeout 600

display boot.msg

F1 boot.msg

F2 options.msg

F3 general.msg

F4 param.msg

F5 rescue.msg

label linux

kernel vmlinuz

append ks=nfs:192.168.0.100:/centosinstall/ks.cfg initrd=initrd.img (需要修改的地方)

label text

kernel vmlinuz

append initrd=initrd.img text

label ks

kernel vmlinuz

append ks initrd=initrd.img

label local

localboot 1

label memtest86

kernel memtest

append -

设置timeout 10 /*超时时间为10S */

3.生成ks.cfg安装配置文件(拷贝到提供安装的目录 /centosinstall目录)

设置权限 chmod o+wx /centosinstall/ks.cfg

可以根据/root/目录下的anaconda-ks.cfg文件修改需要的系统需求。

(注意、clearpart –all –initlabel #如果ks.cfg脚本中不添加该语句,将不能实现自动化安装)

nfs –server=NFS服务器ip –dir=光盘的位置 或 系统安装文件存放的位置

network –device eth0 –bootproto dhcp(使用DHCP来实现自动分配IP地址)

启动客户端,加电+插上网线,设置网卡启动,等待安装完毕即可。

重启系统就可以了。

以下为我的ks.cfg参考配置:

# Kickstart file automatically generated by anaconda.cfg

install

text

nfs –server=192.168.0.100 –dir=/centosinstall

key –skip

lang zh_CN.UTF-8

keyboard us

network –device eth0 –bootproto dhcp

rootpw fsdf@sdfsd123

firewall –disabled

authconfig –enableshadow –enablemd5

selinux –disabled

timezone Asia/Shanghai

bootloader –location=mbr –driveorder=sda –append=”rhgb quiet”

# The following is the partition information you requested

# Note that any partitions you deleted are not expressed

# here so unless you clear all partitions first, this is

# not guaranteed to work

clearpart –all –initlabel

part /boot –fstype ext3 –size=200

part swap –size=2000

part /software –fstype ext3 –size=20000

part / –fstype ext3 –size=30000

part /home –fstype ext3 –size=20000

part /webapps –fstype ext3 –size=1 –grow

%packages

@admin-tools

@base

@core

@development-libs

@development-tools

@editors

@system-tools

@base-x

keyutils

kexec-tools

trousers

fipscheck

device-mapper-multipath

imake

audit

xorg-x11-server-Xnest

xorg-x11-server-Xvf
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