配置yum 等出错一系统解决方法

实验环境：CentOS linux 5.4 32位

系统已安装的组件包：开发工具，其他都没装

[root@wellpie ~]# rpm -qa yum

yum-3.2.22-20.el5.centos

用命令查了一下原来我在装开发工具时原来已经有装了yum了。

不过我还是删了，来重新安装一下做一下笔记。

首先我要下载我配置yum的一个软件包，我先试一下有没有wget这个软件，原来我我只装开发工具的时候，里面服务器配置工具什么都没有。所以wget也只能通过yum先装一下再来配置。如果你没有yum，也没有wget，那只能通过ftp或其他途径上传一个wget或yum的安装包。

下面是我们以下载好的yum包，如下：

[root@RedHat soft]# ls

DenyHosts-2.6.tar.gz libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.bz2 vnstat_php.tar.gz

down.txt mysql-5.0.91.tar.gz vsftpd-2.0.6.tar.gz

gd-2.0.32.tar.gz php-5.2.14.tar.gz yum_forAS4.tar.gz

httpd-2.2.4.tar.gz vnstat-1.10.tar.gz ZendOptimizer-3.2.2-linux.tar.gz

#解压yum安装包。

[root@RedHat soft]# tar zxvf yum_forAS4.tar.gz

yum_forAS4/

yum_forAS4/CentOS-Base.repo

yum_forAS4/python-elementtree-1.2.6-7.el4.rf.i386.rpm

yum_forAS4/python-urlgrabber-2.9.7-1.2.el4.rf.noarch.rpm

yum_forAS4/yum-2.4.2-0.4.el4.rf.noarch.rpm

yum_forAS4/sqlite-2.8.16-1.2.el4.rf.i386.rpm

yum_forAS4/python-sqlite-1.0.1-1.2.el4.rf.i386.rpm

[root@RedHat soft]# cd yum_forAS4

[root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# ls

CentOS-Base.repo

python-elementtree-1.2.6-7.el4.rf.i386.rpm

python-sqlite-1.0.1-1.2.el4.rf.i386.rpm

python-urlgrabber-2.9.7-1.2.el4.rf.noarch.rpm

sqlite-2.8.16-1.2.el4.rf.i386.rpm

yum-2.4.2-0.4.el4.rf.noarch.rpm

[root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -ivh *.rpm

warning: python-elementtree-1.2.6-7.el4.rf.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 6b8d79e6

error: Failed dependencies:

libreadline.so.4 is needed by sqlite-2.8.16-1.2.el4.rf.i386

yum < 3.2.0 conflicts with yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos.i386

#看来原来安装的yum包还没卸载。

[root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -qa |grep yum

yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos

yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-13.el5.centos

yum-3.2.22-20.el5.centos

[root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -e yum-3.2.22

error: Failed dependencies:

yum >= 3.0 is needed by (installed) yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-13.el5.centos.noarch

[root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -e yum-\*

error: Failed dependencies:

yum >= 3.0 is needed by (installed) yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-13.el5.centos.noarch

#看来这样卸载还不行。只能一个一个卸载了。

[root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -e yum-3.2.22 --nodeps

[root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -qa|grep yum

yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos

yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-13.el5.centos

#看来用--nodeps参数，就可以卸载了，只剩下2个了。现在再安装一下我们下载的yum包看如何。

[root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -ivh *.rpm

warning: python-elementtree-1.2.6-7.el4.rf.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 6b8d79e6

error: Failed dependencies:

libreadline.so.4 is needed by sqlite-2.8.16-1.2.el4.rf.i386

yum < 3.2.0 conflicts with yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos.i386

#晕，还不行。可能那2个没卸载还真不行。

[root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -e yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2

[root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -e yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16

[root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -qa|grep yum

[root@RedHat yum_forAS4]#

#现在查不到有yum包了

[root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -ivh *.rpm

warning: python-elementtree-1.2.6-7.el4.rf.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 6b8d79e6

error: Failed dependencies:

libreadline.so.4 is needed by sqlite-2.8.16-1.2.el4.rf.i386

[root@RedHat yum_forAS4]#

#看来之前有安装过的yum包还真不行。问题多，其实是因为我目前环境是CentOS 5.4而那yum包适合AS4的，所以不适合。

--------------------------------------------------------------------------错误解决过程开始

#到网上查一下资料，安装一个readline-4.3.5.2.i386.rpm

[root@RedHat ~]# rpm -ivh readline-4.3-5.2.i386.rpm

warning: readline-4.3-5.2.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 025e513b

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

package readline-5.1-3.el5.i386 (which is newer than readline-4.3-5.2.i386) is already installed

file /usr/share/info/history.info.gz from install of readline-4.3-5.2.i386 conflicts with file from package readline-5.1-3.el5.i386

file /usr/share/info/readline.info.gz from install of readline-4.3-5.2.i386 conflicts with file from package readline-5.1-3.el5.i386

file /usr/share/info/rluserman.info.gz from install of readline-4.3-5.2.i386 conflicts with file from package readline-5.1-3.el5.i386

file /usr/share/man/man3/history.3.gz from install of readline-4.3-5.2.i386 conflicts with file from package readline-5.1-3.el5.i386

file /usr/share/man/man3/readline.3.gz from install of readline-4.3-5.2.i386 conflicts with file from package readline-5.1-3.el5.i386

[root@RedHat ~]#

#安装后不知道是否还会出现错误。

[root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -ivh *.rpm

warning: python-elementtree-1.2.6-7.el4.rf.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 6b8d79e6

error: Failed dependencies:

libreadline.so.4 is needed by sqlite-2.8.16-1.2.el4.rf.i386

[root@RedHat yum_forAS4]#

唉，还不行。

最后在姚兄的帮忙下，才知道原来我的系统版本是CentOS 5.5,而我的yum安装包是yum_forAS4的，所以不适合。

[root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -Uvh http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5.5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-26.el5.centos.noarch.rpm

Retrieving http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5.5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-26.el5.centos.noarch.rpm

error: Failed dependencies:

yum-fastestmirror is needed by yum-3.2.22-26.el5.centos.noarch

yum-metadata-parser >= 1.1.0 is needed by yum-3.2.22-26.el5.centos.noarch

又是依赖关系。

-------------------------------------------------------------------------错误解决过程结束

[root@RedHat yum_forAS4]# rpm -Uvh http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5.5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-26.el5.centos.noarch.rpm http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5.5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-14.el5.centos.1.noarch.rpm http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5.5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos.i386.rpm

Retrieving http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5.5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-26.el5.centos.noarch.rpm

Retrieving http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5.5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-14.el5.centos.1.noarch.rpm

Retrieving http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5.5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos.i386.rpm

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:yum-metadata-parser ########################################### [ 33%]

2:yum-fastestmirror ########################################### [ 67%]

3:yum ########################################### [100%]

[root@RedHat soft]# rpm --import http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

现在yum就可以使用了。

用Uvh与ivh的区别：

（1）如果安装有这个软件包，U会先安装新的软件包，然后cleanup旧的,rpm database里边会记录新的软件包,而i的时候，只会安装新的软件包，并且在rpm database里边对于该软件包有两个版本

(2) 如果没有安装这个软件包，U和i功能一样，没有区别

但是对于内核的安装这块，推荐使用i，这样同时会保留旧的内核，一旦新的内核有问题可以迅速切换到旧的内核，给自己留个后路

本文出自 “冰鱼客” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://guailele.blog.51cto.com/1156442/438370