一个使用Pro*C实现增删改查的小例子

环境：

WinXPSP3 + VC6 + ORACLE 11g

步骤：

1）新建demo.pc，内容如下：

#include <stdio.h>

// 全程说明段
EXEC SQL BEGIN DECLARE SECTION;
	VARCHAR username[20];
	VARCHAR password[20];
EXEC SQL END DECLARE SECTION;

// 说明通讯区
EXEC SQL INCLUDE sqlca;

// 外部函数说明
void insert(),update(),del(),query();

main()
{
	char operate[5];

	// 登录到oracle
	strcpy(username.arr,"SCOTT"); // 用户名
	username.len=strlen(username.arr);
	strcpy(password.arr,"x"); // 密码
	password.len=strlen(password.arr);

	EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR GOTO logon_error;
	EXEC SQL CONNECT :username IDENTIFIED BY :password;
	printf("/nConnect to ORACLE as user: %s",username.arr);
	
	for(;;)
	{
		printf("/n***********************");
		printf("/n*	1.Query		*");
		printf("/n*	2.Update	*");
		printf("/n*	3.Insert	*");
		printf("/n*	4.Delete	*");
		printf("/n*	5.Exit		*");
		printf("/n***********************");
		printf("/n Enter selection:/n");
		gets(operate);

		switch(operate[0])
		{
			case '1':query();
				 break;
			case '2':update();
				 break;
			case '3':insert();
				 break;
			case '4':del();
				 break;
			case '5':break;
			default :printf("/n/n invalid selection/n");
				 break;
		}
		if(operate[0]=='5')
			break;
	}

	// 结束处理 
	EXEC SQL COMMIT RELEASE;
	printf("/n/n very good !/n/n");
	exit(0);

// 登录出错处理
logon_error:
	printf("/n invalid username/password/n");
	printf("/n%.70s/n",sqlca.sqlerrm.sqlerrmc);
	EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE;
	EXEC SQL ROLLBACK RELEASE;
	exit(1);
}

// 更新处理
void update()
{
	EXEC SQL BEGIN DECLARE SECTION;
		int emp_number;
		VARCHAR emp_name[20];
		VARCHAR job[50];
		short ind_job;
	EXEC SQL END DECLARE SECTION;

	char empnum[8];

	printf("/n/nEnter employee number(press RETURN to abort):");
	gets(empnum);
	if(!strcmp(empnum,""))
	{
		printf("/n");
		return;
	}
	emp_number = atoi(empnum);
	EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR GOTO sqlerror;
	EXEC SQL WHENEVER NOT FOUND GOTO notfound;

	EXEC SQL SELECT ENAME,JOB
		INTO :emp_name,:job:ind_job
		FROM EMP
		WHERE EMPNO = :emp_number;
	emp_name.arr[emp_name.len]='/0';
	switch(ind_job)
	{
		case -1:strcpy(job.arr,"NULL");
			job.len=strlen(job.arr);
			break;
		case 0:job.arr[job.len]='/0';
			break;
		default:if(ind_job>0)
			printf("/n/nWARNING: Job truncated./n");
			break;
	}
	printf("/n/nNumber Employee Name Job/n");
	printf("----------------------------------/n");
	printf("%-9d%-15s%-8s/n",emp_number,emp_name.arr,job.arr);
	printf("/nEnter new employee name:");
	gets(emp_name.arr);
	emp_name.len=strlen(emp_name.arr);
	printf("/n/nEnter new job:");
	gets(job.arr);
	job.len=strlen(job.arr);
	ind_job=0;
	if(!strcmp(job.arr,""))
		ind_job=-1;
	EXEC SQL UPDATE EMP
		SET ENAME= :emp_name,JOB=:job:ind_job
		WHERE EMPNO= :emp_number;
	printf("/n/nEmployee %d updated./n",emp_number);
	EXEC SQL COMMIT;
	return;

notfound:
	printf("/n/nWARNING: Employee %d does not exist./n",emp_number);
	return;
sqlerror:
	printf("/n%.70s/n",sqlca.sqlerrm.sqlerrmc);
	EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE;
	EXEC SQL ROLLBACK;
	exit(1);
}

// 插入处理
void insert()
{
	EXEC SQL BEGIN DECLARE SECTION;
		int emp_number;
		VARCHAR emp_name[20];
		VARCHAR job[20];
		short ind_job;
	EXEC SQL END DECLARE SECTION;

	char empnum[8];
	printf("/n/nEnter employee number(press RETURN to abort):");
	gets(empnum);
	if(!strcmp(empnum,""))
	{
		printf("/n");
		return;
	}
	emp_number = atoi(empnum);
	EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR GOTO sqlerror;
	EXEC SQL WHENEVER NOT FOUND GOTO resume;

	EXEC SQL SELECT ENAME INTO :emp_name
		FROM EMP
		WHERE EMPNO = :emp_number;
	printf("/n/nWARNING: Employee %d alread exist./n",emp_number);

	return;

resume:
	printf("/n/nEnter employee name:");
	gets(emp_name.arr);
	emp_name.len=strlen(emp_name.arr);

	printf("/n/nEnter job:");
	gets(job.arr);
	job.len=strlen(job.arr);
	ind_job=0;
	if(!strcmp(job.arr,""))
		ind_job = -1;
	EXEC SQL INSERT INTO EMP(EMPNO,ENAME,JOB)
		VALUES(:emp_number,:emp_name,:job:ind_job);
	
	printf("/n/nEmployee %d inserted. /n",emp_number);
	EXEC SQL COMMIT;
	return;
	
sqlerror:
	printf("/n%.70s/n",sqlca.sqlerrm.sqlerrmc);
	EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE;
	EXEC SQL ROLLBACK;
	exit(1);
}

// 查询处理
void query()
{
	EXEC SQL BEGIN DECLARE SECTION;
		int emp_number;
		VARCHAR emp_name[20];
		VARCHAR job[20];
		short ind_job;
	EXEC SQL END DECLARE SECTION;

	char empnum[8];
	printf("/n/nEnter Employee number (press RETURN to abort):");
	gets(empnum);
	if(!strcmp(empnum,""))
	{
		printf("/n");
		return;
	}

	emp_number = atoi(empnum);
	EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR GOTO sqlerror;
	EXEC SQL WHENEVER NOT FOUND GOTO notfound;
	EXEC SQL SELECT ENAME,JOB
		INTO :emp_name,:job:ind_job
		FROM EMP
		WHERE EMPNO = :emp_number;
	emp_name.arr[emp_name.len]='/0';
	switch(ind_job)
	{
		case -1:strcpy(job.arr,"NULL");
			job.len=strlen(job.arr);
			break;
		case 0:job.arr[job.len]='/0';
			break;
		default:if(ind_job >0 )
			printf("/n/nWARNING: Job truncated./n");
			break;
	}
	printf("/n/nNumber Employee Name Job/n");
	printf("------------------------------------------/n");
	printf("%-9d%-15s%-8s/n",emp_number,emp_name.arr,job.arr);
	return;

notfound:
	printf("/n/nWARING: Employee %d does not exist./n",emp_number);
	return;
sqlerror:
	printf("/n%.70s/n",sqlca.sqlerrm.sqlerrmc);
	EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE;
	EXEC SQL ROLLBACK;
	exit(1);
}

// 删除处理
void del()
{
	EXEC SQL BEGIN DECLARE SECTION;
		int emp_number;
	EXEC SQL END DECLARE SECTION;
	
	char empnum[8];

	printf("/n/nEnter employee number(press RETURN to abort):");
	gets(empnum);
	if(!strcmp(empnum,""))
	{
		printf("/n");
		return;
	}
	emp_number = atoi(empnum);
	EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR GOTO sqlerror;
	EXEC SQL WHENEVER NOT FOUND GOTO notfound;
	EXEC SQL DELETE 
		FROM EMP
		WHERE EMPNO = :emp_number;
	printf("/n/nEmployee %d deleted./n",emp_number);
	EXEC SQL COMMIT;
	return;

notfound:
	printf("/n/nWARING: Employee %d does not exist./n",emp_number);
	return;
sqlerror:
	printf("/n%.70s/n",sqlca.sqlerrm.sqlerrmc);
	EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE;
	EXEC SQL ROLLBACK;
	exit(1);
}

2）将demo.pc预编译成demo.c：

proc demo.pc

3）将demo.c编译成demo.obj：

cl demo.c /nologo /c /I F:/app/tonko/product/11.1.0/db_1/precomp/public

4）将demo.obj链接成demo.exe：

link demo.obj /nologo /LIBPATH:F:/app/tonko/product/11.1.0/db_1/precomp/LIB orasql11.lib

5）执行demo.exe进行测试。