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实例示范如何使用 Android Services

2010-04-21 09:37 477 查看
Android开发中,当需要创建在后台运行的程序的时候,就要使用到Service。Service 可以分为有无限生命和有限生命两种。

  特别需要注意的是Service跟Activities是不同的(简单来说可以理解为后台与前台的区别),例如,如果需要使用Service的话,需要调用startService(),从而利用startService()去调用Service中的OnCreate()和onStart()方法来启动一个后台的Service。

  启动一个Service的过程如下:

  context.startService() ->onCreate()- >onStart()->Service running

  其中onCreate()可以进行一些服务的初始化工作,onStart()则启动服务。

  停止一个Service的过程如下:

  context.stopService() | ->onDestroy() ->Service stop

  接下来的实例是一个利用后台服务播放音乐的小例子,点击start运行服务,点击stop停止服务。

  代码:

  定义服务,MyService.java

  Java代码

  package com.example;

  import android.app.Service;

  import android.content.Intent;

  import android.media.MediaPlayer;

  import android.os.IBinder;

  import android.util.Log;

  import android.widget.Toast;

  public class MyService extends Service {

  private static final String TAG = “MyService”;

  MediaPlayer player;

  @Override

  public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {

  return null;

  }

  @Override

  public void onCreate() {

  Toast.makeText(this, “My Service Created”, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

  Log.d(TAG, “onCreate”);

  player = MediaPlayer.create(this, R.raw.braincandy);//运行例子是,需要替换音乐的名称

  player.setLooping(false); // Set looping

  }

  @Override

  public void onDestroy() {

  Toast.makeText(this, “My Service Stopped”, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

  Log.d(TAG, “onDestroy”);

  player.stop();

  }

  @Override

  public void onStart(Intent intent, int startid) {

Toast.makeText(this, “My Service Started”, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

  Log.d(TAG, “onStart”);

  player.start();

  }

  }

  package com.example;

  import android.app.Service;

  import android.content.Intent;

  import android.media.MediaPlayer;

  import android.os.IBinder;

  import android.util.Log;

  import android.widget.Toast;

  public class MyService extends Service {

  private static final String TAG = “MyService”;

  MediaPlayer player;

  @Override

  public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {

  return null;

  }

  @Override

  public void onCreate() {

  Toast.makeText(this, “My Service Created”, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

  Log.d(TAG, “onCreate”);

  player = MediaPlayer.create(this, R.raw.braincandy);//运行例子是,需要替换音乐的名称

  player.setLooping(false); // Set looping

  }

  @Override

  public void onDestroy() {

  Toast.makeText(this, “My Service Stopped”, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

  Log.d(TAG, “onDestroy”);

  player.stop();

  }

  @Override

  public void onStart(Intent intent, int startid) {

  Toast.makeText(this, “My Service Started”, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

  Log.d(TAG, “onStart”);

  player.start();

  }

  }

  除此之外还要在Manifest里面声明服务:

Xml代码
<?xml version=”1.0″ encoding=”utf-8″?>
<manifest xmlns:android=”http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android
package=”com.example” android:versionCode=”1″ android:versionName=”1.0″>
<application android:icon=”@drawable/icon” android:label=”@string/app_name”>

<activity android:name=”.ServicesDemo” android:label=”@string/app_name”>
<intent-filter>
<action android:name=”android.intent.action.MAIN” />
<category android:name=”android.intent.category.LAUNCHER” />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<service android:enabled=”true” android:name=”.MyService” />
</application>
<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion=”3″ />
</manifest>

<?xml version=”1.0″ encoding=”utf-8″?>
<manifest xmlns:android=”http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android
package=”com.example” android:versionCode=”1″ android:versionName=”1.0″>
<application android:icon=”@drawable/icon” android:label=”@string/app_name”>
<activity android:name=”.ServicesDemo” android:label=”@string/app_name”>
<intent-filter>
<action android:name=”android.intent.action.MAIN” />
<category android:name=”android.intent.category.LAUNCHER” />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<service android:enabled=”true” android:name=”.MyService” />
</application>
<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion=”3″ />
</manifest>

  定义Activity,ServicesDemo.java

  Java代码

  package com.example;

  import android.app.Activity;

import android.content.Intent;

  import android.os.Bundle;

  import android.util.Log;

  import android.view.View;

  import android.view.View.OnClickListener;

  import android.widget.Button;

  public class ServicesDemo extends Activity implements OnClickListener {

  private static final String TAG = “ServicesDemo”;

  Button buttonStart, buttonStop;

  @Override

  public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

  setContentView(R.layout.main);

  buttonStart = (Button) findViewById(R.id.buttonStart);

  buttonStop = (Button) findViewById(R.id.buttonStop);

  buttonStart.setOnClickListener(this);

  buttonStop.setOnClickListener(this);

  }

  public void onClick(View src) {

  switch (src.getId()) {

  case R.id.buttonStart:

  Log.d(TAG, “onClick: starting srvice”);

  startService(new Intent(this, MyService.class));

  break;

  case R.id.buttonStop:

  Log.d(TAG, “onClick: stopping srvice”);

  stopService(new Intent(this, MyService.class));

  break;

  }

  }

  }

  package com.example;

  import android.app.Activity;

  import android.content.Intent;

  import android.os.Bundle;

  import android.util.Log;

  import android.view.View;

  import android.view.View.OnClickListener;

  import android.widget.Button;

  public class ServicesDemo extends Activity implements OnClickListener {

  private static final String TAG = “ServicesDemo”;

  Button buttonStart, buttonStop;

  @Override

  public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

  setContentView(R.layout.main);

buttonStart = (Button) findViewById(R.id.buttonStart);

  buttonStop = (Button) findViewById(R.id.buttonStop);

  buttonStart.setOnClickListener(this);

  buttonStop.setOnClickListener(this);

  }

  public void onClick(View src) {

  switch (src.getId()) {

  case R.id.buttonStart:

  Log.d(TAG, “onClick: starting srvice”);

  startService(new Intent(this, MyService.class));

  break;

  case R.id.buttonStop:

  Log.d(TAG, “onClick: stopping srvice”);

  stopService(new Intent(this, MyService.class));

  break;

  }

  }

  }
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