MyEclipe+Hibernate增删查改快速入门
2010-01-21 20:09
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一、先给出测试用表的结构和原始数据：
三、首先给出MyEclipse生成的原始的hibernate.cfg.xml文件：
类映射文件了。在<session_factory>中添加<mapping resource=""/>之类的标签。
四、下面给出Myeclipse自动生成的会话工厂类，这个类我们一点都不用动，直接用其中实现的方法即可。
5.1 给出我写的Java类映射文件。
5.2 给出我的Grade类的实现：
支持。另外还可以看出通过Myeclipse能够大大提高我们基于Hibernate持久层的C/S结构的程序开发效率，不是只有B/S才能用Hibernate呦！
七、还是给出目录结构吧，最近CSDN不让传图了，就用文本表示吧。
create table T_GRADES
(
ID VARCHAR2(20) PRIMARY KEY,
SUBJECT VARCHAR2(20),
GRADE NUMBER(3,1),
TEACHER VARCHAR2(20),
STUDENTID VARCHAR2(20)
);
INSERT INTO T_GRADES
(ID, SUBJECT, GRADE, TEACHER, STUDENTID)
VALUES
('1', '语文', 80, 'Miss_zhang', '050104010121');
INSERT INTO T_GRADES
(ID, SUBJECT, GRADE, TEACHER, STUDENTID)
VALUES
('2', '数学', 90, 'Miss_zhang', '050104010121');
INSERT INTO T_GRADES
(ID, SUBJECT, GRADE, TEACHER, STUDENTID)
VALUES
('3', '数学', 99.9, 'MR_huang', '050104010120');
INSERT INTO T_GRADES
(ID, SUBJECT, GRADE, TEACHER, STUDENTID)
VALUES
('4', '英语', 90, 'MR_huang', '050104010120');
COMMIT;二、在Myeclipse中新建一个java project，然后为该project 添加hibernate capabilities，在添加的过程中，会根据你设置的路径生成一些文件，包括：hibernate.cfg.xml，HibernateSessinFactory.java，当然会把需要的jar包一包含进来，下面就是自己的开发工作了。三、首先给出MyEclipse生成的原始的hibernate.cfg.xml文件：
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated by MyEclipse Hibernate Tools. -->
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property name="connection.username">scott</property>
<property name="connection.url">
jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:orcl
</property>
<property name="connection.password">test</property>
<property name="connection.driver_class">
oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
</property>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>现在这个文件中内容是在我们添加hibernate capabilities时，MyEclipse根据你的设置自动生成的，这部分是不用改动的。将来我们需要做的就是添加类映射文件了。在<session_factory>中添加<mapping resource=""/>之类的标签。
四、下面给出Myeclipse自动生成的会话工厂类，这个类我们一点都不用动，直接用其中实现的方法即可。
package com.neuqsoft.hibernate;
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
/**
* Configures and provides access to Hibernate sessions, tied to the
* current thread of execution. Follows the Thread Local Session
* pattern, see {@link http://hibernate.org/42.html }.
*/
public class HibernateSessionFactory {
/**
* Location of hibernate.cfg.xml file.
* Location should be on the classpath as Hibernate uses
* #resourceAsStream style lookup for its configuration file.
* The default classpath location of the hibernate config file is
* in the default package. Use #setConfigFile() to update
* the location of the configuration file for the current session.
*/
private static String CONFIG_FILE_LOCATION = "/hibernate.cfg.xml";
private static final ThreadLocal<Session> threadLocal = new ThreadLocal<Session>();
private static Configuration configuration = new Configuration();
private static org.hibernate.SessionFactory sessionFactory;
private static String configFile = CONFIG_FILE_LOCATION;
static {
try {
configuration.configure(configFile);
sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err
.println("%%%% Error Creating SessionFactory %%%%");
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private HibernateSessionFactory() {
}
/**
* Returns the ThreadLocal Session instance. Lazy initialize
* the <code>SessionFactory</code> if needed.
*
* @return Session
* @throws HibernateException
*/
public static Session getSession() throws HibernateException {
Session session = (Session) threadLocal.get();
if (session == null || !session.isOpen()) {
if (sessionFactory == null) {
rebuildSessionFactory();
}
session = (sessionFactory != null) ? sessionFactory.openSession()
: null;
threadLocal.set(session);
}
return session;
}
/**
* Rebuild hibernate session factory
*
*/
public static void rebuildSessionFactory() {
try {
configuration.configure(configFile);
sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err
.println("%%%% Error Creating SessionFactory %%%%");
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* Close the single hibernate session instance.
*
* @throws HibernateException
*/
public static void closeSession() throws HibernateException {
Session session = (Session) threadLocal.get();
threadLocal.set(null);
if (session != null) {
session.close();
}
}
/**
* return session factory
*
*/
public static org.hibernate.SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
return sessionFactory;
}
/**
* return session factory
*
* session factory will be rebuilded in the next call
*/
public static void setConfigFile(String configFile) {
HibernateSessionFactory.configFile = configFile;
sessionFactory = null;
}
/**
* return hibernate configuration
*
*/
public static Configuration getConfiguration() {
return configuration;
}
}五、下面开始就是自己亲手要做的工作了，下面的顺序依个人喜好而定，在程序运行之前只要这些文件齐全，应该就没有问题。5.1 给出我写的Java类映射文件。
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.neuqsoft.model">
<class name="Grade" table="T_GRADES">
<id name="id" column="ID">
<generator class="assigned"></generator>
</id>
<property name="subject" column="SUBJECT"></property>
<property name="grade" column="GRADE"></property>
<property name="teacher" column="TEACHER"></property>
<property name="studentId" column="STUDENTID"></property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>可以看出这里面定义的属性跟我给出的表结构是完全对应的。5.2 给出我的Grade类的实现：
package com.neuqsoft.model;
public class Grade {
private String id;
private String subject;
private float grade;
private String teacher;
private String studentId;
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getSubject() {
return subject;
}
public void setSubject(String subject) {
this.subject = subject;
}
public float getGrade() {
return grade;
}
public void setGrade(float grade) {
this.grade = grade;
}
public String getTeacher() {
return teacher;
}
public void setTeacher(String teacher) {
this.teacher = teacher;
}
public String getStudentId() {
return studentId;
}
public void setStudentId(String studentId) {
this.studentId = studentId;
}
}5.3 根据HibernateSessionFactory.java提供的方法，自己生成了一个CRUD类，供后面自己使用起来方便简单，本工程的目录结构通过相应的包名都能看出来。package com.neuqsoft.crud;
import org.hibernate.*;
import com.neuqsoft.model.Grade;
import com.neuqsoft.hibernate.HibernateSessionFactory;
import java.util.*;
public class CRUD {
private Session session;
private Transaction ts;
//构造函数初始化session和事务
public CRUD() {
session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
ts = session.beginTransaction();
}
//添加
public void insert(Grade grade) {
session.save(grade);
}
// 删除，通过ID
public void delete(Grade grade) {
session.delete(grade);
}
//删除通过HQL
public int deletebyHQL(String hql){
Query query=session.createQuery(hql);
int ref=query.executeUpdate();
return ref;
}
//查询ByCretria
public List<Grade> queryByCriteria(Criteria c){
List<Grade> list=c.list();
return list;
}
//查询ByHQL
public List<Grade> queryByHQL(String hql){
Query query=session.createQuery(hql);
List<Grade> list=query.list();
return list;
}
//修改
public void update(Grade grade){
session.update(grade);
}
//提交事务，关闭session
public void commit() {
ts.commit();
}
public void close(){
session.close();
}
//重新开启事务：
public void restartTransaction(){
ts = session.beginTransaction();
}
//获取session
public Session getSession(){
return HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
}
}5.4 下面给出真正的测试用类，这里提供的每一个方法都能单独使用，我这里全部写到一起了，一起执行也没问题的。package com.neuqsoft.crud;
import com.neuqsoft.model.*;
import org.hibernate.Criteria;
import org.hibernate.criterion.Expression;
import java.util.*;
public class CrudTest {
public static void main(String args[]){
CRUD crud=new CRUD();
Grade grade=new Grade();
//1.新增一个grade记录到数据库中
grade.setId("25");
grade.setSubject("testsubject");
grade.setGrade((float)52.25);
grade.setTeacher("MIss liu");
grade.setStudentId("050104010125");
crud.insert(grade);
crud.commit();
System.out.println("成功插入一条记录");
//2.删除记录byID
crud.restartTransaction();
Grade grade1=new Grade();
grade1.setId("20");
crud.delete(grade1);
crud.commit();
System.out.println("成功通过ID删除一条记录");
//3.删除记录BYHQL
crud.restartTransaction();
String hql="delete Grade where teacher like 'MIss%'";
int ref=crud.deletebyHQL(hql);
crud.commit();
System.out.println("通过HQL已成功删除："+ref+"条");
// 4.查询使用criteria
Criteria criteria=crud.getSession().createCriteria(Grade.class);
criteria.add(Expression.lt("teacher","Miss_zhang"));
List<Grade> list=crud.queryByCriteria(criteria);
for (int i=0;i<list.size();i++){
System.out.println(list.get(i).getId()+" "
+list.get(i).getSubject()+" "
+list.get(i).getGrade()+" "
+list.get(i).getTeacher()+" "
+list.get(i).getStudentId());
}
System.out.println();
//5.查询使用HQL
List<Grade> list1=crud.queryByHQL(" from Grade");
for (int i=0;i<list1.size();i++){
System.out.println(list1.get(i).getId()+" "
+list1.get(i).getSubject()+" "
+list1.get(i).getGrade()+" "
+list1.get(i).getTeacher()+" "
+list1.get(i).getStudentId());
}
//6.更新,通过ID更新，按ID找到行，将grade改为相应的值，其他值不变。
crud.restartTransaction();
Grade grade2=(Grade)crud.getSession().get(Grade.class,"3");
grade2.setGrade((float)99.9);
crud.update(grade2);
crud.commit();
System.out.println("/n成功更新");
//7.关闭session
crud.close();
}
}5.5 最后的hibernate.cfg.xml文件是这样的：<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated by MyEclipse Hibernate Tools. -->
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property name="connection.username">scott</property>
<property name="connection.url">
jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:orcl
</property>
<property name="connection.password">test</property>
<property name="connection.driver_class">
oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
</property>
<mapping resource="Grade.hbm.xml" />
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>六、实际上hibernate并不像想象的那么神秘，不是Hibernate总是跟struts，spring捆绑的 它是自成一体的，为面向对象的访问数据库提供了很好的支持。另外还可以看出通过Myeclipse能够大大提高我们基于Hibernate持久层的C/S结构的程序开发效率，不是只有B/S才能用Hibernate呦！
七、还是给出目录结构吧，最近CSDN不让传图了，就用文本表示吧。
src com.neuqsoft.crud CURD.java CurdTest.java com.neqsoft.hibernate HibernateSessionFactory.java com.nequsoft.model Grade.java hibernate.cfg.xml Grade.hbm.xml八、结束。
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