软件开发规则——DO-178B/ED-12B学习笔记之四
2009-12-22 18:06
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软件开发规则
——DO-178B/ED-12B学习笔记之四
The purpose of the software development standards is to define the rules and constraints for the software development processes.
试译如下:
软件开发规则的目的是为软件开发过程定义规则和约束。
The software development standards include the Software Requirements Standards, the Software Design Standards and the Software Code Standards.
由此可见,软件开发规则包括:
——软件需求规则
——软件设计规则
——软件代码规则
a. The software development standards should comply with section 11.
b. The software development standards should enable software components of a given software product or related set of products to be uniformly designed and implemented.
c. The software development standards should disallow the use of constructs or methods that produce outputs that cannot be verified or that are not compatible with safety-related requirements.
NOTE: In developing standards, consideration can be given to previous experience. Constraints and rules on development, design and coding methods can be included to control complexity. Defensive programming practices may be considered to improve robustness.
参考法译文,试译如下:
a. 软件开发规则应符合第11条;
b. 软件开发规则应使某给定的软件产品或相关的一套产品的软件部件的设计和实现是一致的;
c. 软件开发规则应禁止使用产生不能验证或不符合安全性相关需求的输出的结构或方法。
注:在制订规则中,要考虑以前的经验。要包括在开发、设计和编码方法中的限制和规则,以控制复杂性。要考虑防御性编程技术以改善健壮性。
DO-178B/ED-12B的4.1.e条也是对软件开发规则的要求:
Software development standards consistent with the system safety objectives for the software to be produced are defined (subsection 4.5).
The software development standards to be used for the project should be defined or selected.
Reviews and assurance of the software planning process are conducted to ensure that the software plans and software development standards comply with the guidelines of this document and means are provided to execute them.
试译如下:
要对软件策划过程进行评审和保证,以确保软件计划和软件开发规则符合本文件中的指南,并确保存在软件计划和软件开发规则的实施办法。
This process produces the software plans and standards that direct the software development processes and the integral processes.
DO-178B/ED-12B第4.2.j条指明如果有用户可更改软件,那么要在软件开发规则中规定相关要求。
DO-178B/ED-12B第4.5条指明软件开发规则是软件验证过程中评估一个过程的实际输出是否符合期望输出的基础:
The software verification process uses these standards as a basis for evaluating the compliance of actual outputs of a process with intended outputs.
DO-178B/ED-12B第5.1.2条第5.2.2条指明软件需求规则是软件需求过程的输入和必须遵循的规则,指明软件设计规则是软件设计过程的输入和必须遵循的规则,第5.3.2条指明软件代码规则是软件编码过程的输入和必须遵循的规则,
DO-178B/ED-12B第6.3条指明软件开发规则是软件评审和分析的依据。
DO-178B/ED-12B第7.2.3条和11.17条指明软件开发规则是问题报告的依据。
DO-178B/ED-12B第11.20.k条指明软件实施概要要描述对软件开发规则的偏离情况。
DO-178B/ED-12B第12.3.3条指明多版本非相似软件也要遵循软件开发规则。
For the software planning process to be complete, the software plans and software development standards should be under change control and reviews of them completed (subsection 4.6).
——DO-178B/ED-12B学习笔记之四
1. 软件开发规则的目的
DO-178B/ED-12B的4.5条第一句指明了软件开发规则的目的:The purpose of the software development standards is to define the rules and constraints for the software development processes.
试译如下:
软件开发规则的目的是为软件开发过程定义规则和约束。
2. 软件开发规则的范围
DO-178B/ED-12B的4.5条指明了软件开发规则的范围:The software development standards include the Software Requirements Standards, the Software Design Standards and the Software Code Standards.
由此可见,软件开发规则包括:
——软件需求规则
——软件设计规则
——软件代码规则
3. 软件开发规则的要求
DO-178B/ED-12B的4.5条对软件开发规则提出了如下三条要求:a. The software development standards should comply with section 11.
b. The software development standards should enable software components of a given software product or related set of products to be uniformly designed and implemented.
c. The software development standards should disallow the use of constructs or methods that produce outputs that cannot be verified or that are not compatible with safety-related requirements.
NOTE: In developing standards, consideration can be given to previous experience. Constraints and rules on development, design and coding methods can be included to control complexity. Defensive programming practices may be considered to improve robustness.
参考法译文,试译如下:
a. 软件开发规则应符合第11条;
b. 软件开发规则应使某给定的软件产品或相关的一套产品的软件部件的设计和实现是一致的;
c. 软件开发规则应禁止使用产生不能验证或不符合安全性相关需求的输出的结构或方法。
注:在制订规则中,要考虑以前的经验。要包括在开发、设计和编码方法中的限制和规则,以控制复杂性。要考虑防御性编程技术以改善健壮性。
DO-178B/ED-12B的4.1.e条也是对软件开发规则的要求:
Software development standards consistent with the system safety objectives for the software to be produced are defined (subsection 4.5).
4. 软件开发规则的制订时机
DO-178B/ED-12B的4.2.b条规定在软件策划过程中定义或选择软件开发规则:The software development standards to be used for the project should be defined or selected.
5. 软件开发规则的评审和保证
DO-178B/ED-12B的4.6条规定了软件开发规则的评审和保证:Reviews and assurance of the software planning process are conducted to ensure that the software plans and software development standards comply with the guidelines of this document and means are provided to execute them.
试译如下:
要对软件策划过程进行评审和保证,以确保软件计划和软件开发规则符合本文件中的指南,并确保存在软件计划和软件开发规则的实施办法。
6. 软件开发规则的用途
DO-178B/ED-12B第4.0条第一句指明软件开发规则将用于指导软件开发过程和合成过程:This process produces the software plans and standards that direct the software development processes and the integral processes.
DO-178B/ED-12B第4.2.j条指明如果有用户可更改软件,那么要在软件开发规则中规定相关要求。
DO-178B/ED-12B第4.5条指明软件开发规则是软件验证过程中评估一个过程的实际输出是否符合期望输出的基础:
The software verification process uses these standards as a basis for evaluating the compliance of actual outputs of a process with intended outputs.
DO-178B/ED-12B第5.1.2条第5.2.2条指明软件需求规则是软件需求过程的输入和必须遵循的规则,指明软件设计规则是软件设计过程的输入和必须遵循的规则,第5.3.2条指明软件代码规则是软件编码过程的输入和必须遵循的规则,
DO-178B/ED-12B第6.3条指明软件开发规则是软件评审和分析的依据。
DO-178B/ED-12B第7.2.3条和11.17条指明软件开发规则是问题报告的依据。
DO-178B/ED-12B第11.20.k条指明软件实施概要要描述对软件开发规则的偏离情况。
DO-178B/ED-12B第12.3.3条指明多版本非相似软件也要遵循软件开发规则。
7. 软件开发规则的更改控制
DO-178B/ED-12B第4.2.g 条规定要对软件开发规则进行更改控制:For the software planning process to be complete, the software plans and software development standards should be under change control and reviews of them completed (subsection 4.6).
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