Perl命令常用选项 （转载）

Perl命令常用选项

转载自 /article/5042219.html

-e：告诉perl在其后的命令行里查找运行代码。当然只能用于输入一行代码执行，如果要运行的代码不止一行，参数就变了。

xk@linux:~/work> perl -e 'print "hello!"n";'

hello!

xk@linux:~/work>

-：告诉perl在其后的命令行里查找运行代码，直到遇到__END__为止。

xk@linux:~/work> perl -

print "hello"n";

print "world!";

__END__

hello

world!xk@linux:~/work>

-c：用来检查脚本的语法而不执行它。

xk@linux:~/work> cat t

#!/usr/bin/perl

print "hello";

xk@linux:~/work> perl -c t

t syntax OK

xk@linux:~/work>

-h：帮助选项，用来打印perl的全部选项信息。

xk@linux:~/work> perl -h

Usage: perl [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]

-0[octal] specify record separator ("0, if no argument)

-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)

-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features

-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)

-d[:debugger] run program under debugger

-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)

-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)

-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)

-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)

-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)

-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator

-[mM][-]module execute `use/no module...' before executing program

-n assume 'while (<>) { ... }' loop around program

-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed

-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation

-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile

-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable

-t enable tainting warnings

-T enable tainting checks

-u dump core after parsing program

-U allow unsafe operations

-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)

-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)

-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)

-W enable all warnings

-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory

-X disable all warnings

xk@linux:~/work>

-S：让perl使用PATH环境变量来搜索脚本。

xk@linux:~/work> echo $PATH

/home/xk/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin:/bin:/usr/games:/opt/gnome/bin:/opt/kde3/bin

xk@linux:~/work> cd ../bin/

xk@linux:~/bin> ls

xk@linux:~/bin> cat >test.pl<<eof

> #!/usr/bin/perl

> print "hello"n";

> eof

xk@linux:~/bin> chmod a+x test.pl

xk@linux:~/bin> cd ../work

xk@linux:~/work> perl -S test.pl

hello

xk@linux:~/work>

-T：强制打开错误检查（数据安全性检查），经常用在CGI中。

-v：打印出perl的版本以及包的级别。

xk@linux:~/work> perl -v

This is perl, v5.8.6 built for i586-linux-thread-multi

Copyright 1987-2004, Larry Wall

Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the

GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.

Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on

this system using `man perl' or `perldoc perl'. If you have access to the

Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.

xk@linux:~/work>

-V：打印出perl的全部配置信息。

xk@linux:~/work> perl -V

Summary of my perl5 (revision 5 version 8 subversion 6) configuration:

Platform:

osname=linux, osvers=2.6.9, archname=i586-linux-thread-multi

uname='linux salieri 2.6.9 #1 smp fri jan 14 15:41:33 utc 2005 i686 athlon i386 gnulinux '

config_args='-ds -e -Dprefix=/usr -Dvendorprefix=/usr -Dinstallusrbinperl -Dusethreads -Di_db -Di_dbm -Di_ndbm -Di_gdbm -Duseshrplib=true -Doptimize=-O2 -march=i586 -mcpu=i686 -fmessage-length=0 -Wall -g -Wall -pipe'

hint=recommended, useposix=true, d_sigaction=define

usethreads=define use5005threads=undef useithreads=define usemultiplicity=define

useperlio=define d_sfio=undef uselargefiles=define usesocks=undef

use64bitint=undef use64bitall=undef uselongdouble=undef

usemymalloc=n, bincompat5005=undef

Compiler:

cc='cc', ccflags ='-D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -DTHREADS_HAVE_PIDS -DDEBUGGING -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64',

optimize='-O2 -march=i586 -mcpu=i686 -fmessage-length=0 -Wall -g -Wall -pipe',

cppflags='-D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -DTHREADS_HAVE_PIDS -DDEBUGGING -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe'

ccversion='', gccversion='3.3.5 20050117 (prerelease) (SUSE Linux)', gccosandvers=''

intsize=4, longsize=4, ptrsize=4, doublesize=8, byteorder=1234

d_longlong=define, longlongsize=8, d_longdbl=define, longdblsize=12

ivtype='long', ivsize=4, nvtype='double', nvsize=8, Off_t='off_t', lseeksize=8

alignbytes=4, prototype=define

Linker and Libraries:

ld='cc', ldflags =''

libpth=/lib /usr/lib /usr/local/lib

libs=-lnsl -ldl -lm -lcrypt -lutil -lpthread -lc

perllibs=-lnsl -ldl -lm -lcrypt -lutil -lpthread -lc

libc=, so=so, useshrplib=true, libperl=libperl.so

gnulibc_version='2.3.4'

Dynamic Linking:

dlsrc=dl_dlopen.xs, dlext=so, d_dlsymun=undef, ccdlflags='-Wl,-E -Wl,-rpath,/usr/lib/perl5/5.8.6/i586-linux-thread-multi/CORE'

cccdlflags='-fPIC', lddlflags='-shared'

Characteristics of this binary (from libperl):

Compile-time options: DEBUGGING MULTIPLICITY USE_ITHREADS USE_LARGE_FILES PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT

Built under linux

Compiled at Mar 19 2005 17:34:48

@INC:

/usr/lib/perl5/5.8.6/i586-linux-thread-multi

/usr/lib/perl5/5.8.6

/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.6/i586-linux-thread-multi

/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.6

/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl

/usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.6/i586-linux-thread-multi

/usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.6

/usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl

.

xk@linux:~/work>

-V:name：打印出指定name的配置变量的配置信息。

xk@linux:~/work> perl -V:osvers

osvers='2.6.9';

xk@linux:~/work>

-w：显示警告信息。

[xk@xk work]$ cat test.pl

#!/bin/perl

$text = "test";

$text += 1;

print $text;

[xk@xk work]$ perl -w test.pl

Argument "test" isn't numeric in addition (+) at test.pl line 3.

1[xk@xk work]$ perl test.pl

1[xk@xk work]$