read命令简介

read命令

read命令是一个内置命令，用于从终端或文件读取输入，read命令读取一个输入行，直至遇到换行符。行尾的换行符在读入时被转换成一个空字符。如果read命令后未跟变量名，读入的行将被赋给内置变量REPLY。

你也可以使用read命令来中断程序的运行，直至用户输入一个回车。

如果代－r选项，read命令将忽略反斜杠／新行符对，把反斜杠作为行的一部分。

表14-1 read命令

格 式	含 义
read answer	从标准输入读取一行并赋值给变量answer
read first last	从标准输入读取一行，直至遇到第一个空白符或换行符。把用户键入的第一个词存到变量first中，把该行的剩余部分保存到变量last中
read	标准输入读取一行并赋值给内置变量REPLY
read –a arrayname	读入一组词，依次赋值给数组arrayname③

(续表)

格 式	含 义
read -e	在交互式shell命令行中启用编辑器。例如，如果编辑器是vi，则可以在输入行时使用vi命令③
read –p prompt	打印提示符，等待输入，并将输入赋值给REPLY变量③
read –r line	允许输入包含反斜杠③

#!/bin/bash

#scriptname: nosy

echo -e "are you happy? /c"

read answer

echo "#answer is the right response."

echo -e "what is your full name? /c"

read first middle last

echo "Hello $first"

echo -n "where do you work? "

read

echo Iguess $REPLY keeps you busy!

read -p "enter your job title: "

echo "I thought you might be an $REPLY."

echo -n "who are your best friends? "

read -a friends

echo "Say hi to ${friends[2]}."

The results:

are you happy? never too happy

never too happy is the right response.

what is your full name? tu you wu

Hello tu

where do you work? NUAA

I guess NUAA keeps you busy!

enter your job title: Com

I thought you might be an Com.

who are your best friends? sj cjs lj

Say hi to lj.