linux服务自动启动功能 ZT

setup 、rc.local 和chkconfig三种方式都可以设置

第一种)输入#setup指令进入系统服务菜单，选择你想启动的服务比如httpd，然后重起机器或者 /etc/rc.d./init.d/httpd start

第二种)把启动命令放到/etc/rc.d/rc.local文件里这样就可以每次启动的时候自动启动服务了,例如对于 apache,编译好apache后会在安装目录的bin下生成apachectl文件,这是个启动教本,我们只需要把这个命令加到rc.local里就可以了echo /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local,设置服务自动启动的方式是在rc.local里还可以加入类似以下的一些脚本：#sshd/usr/local/sbin/sshd
#proftpd/usr/local/sbin/proftpd
#apache/home/apache/bin/apachectl start
#mysql/home/mysql/bin/safe_mysqld --port=3306 &
#start oracle8i listener firstsu - oracle -c 'lsnrctl start'
#start oracle8isu - oracle -c 'dbstart'

第三种)通过chkconfig指令.
使用chkconfig命令来把某项服务加到系统的各项运行级别中,步骤如下,1 创建启动脚本. 对于apache,mysql,ssh这样的软件都是自己带的,我们只要稍微修改一下使之支持chkconfig就可以了2 修改脚本我们需要在脚本的前面加上一下2行,才能支持chkconfig命令# chkconfig: 2345 08 92## description: Automates a packet filtering firewall with ipchains.#
chkconfig:后面定义的使启动服务的运行级别(例子中使2345启动改服务),以及关闭和启动服务的顺序,(上例中关闭服务的顺序使8,启动的顺序使92)descriptions:对改服务的描述(上例中是ipchains包过滤),你可以换成自己想要的
修改好之后执行cp 你的脚本 /etc/rc.d/init.d/脚本名chmod 700 /etc/rc.d/init.d/脚本名chkconfig --add 脚本名例如:将其加入Linux启动过程，仅在level 3, level 5级别下运行[root@Tester init.d]/sbin/chkconfig --add apache-httpd[root@Tester init.d]/sbin/chkconfig --level 35 apache-httpd on之后就可以了,以后每次重新启动服务器都会自动启动和关闭我们的服务了
下面是网路上一些创建的APACHE启动脚本案例,可以参考一下:Linux下设置apache httpd服务为自动启动的实现：系统环境： RED HAT ENTERPRISE AS 4Apache Httpd 版本： 2.0.61Apache 安装路径： /usr/local/apache-httpd-2.0.61Step 1:[buck@Tester local]ln -s /usr/local/apache-httpd-2.0.61 apache-httpd-defaultStep 2:切换到超级用户，进入/etc/init.d/，创建启动脚本[root@Tester init.d]vi appache-httpd#!/bin/bash## created by Buck Zhang, 2007/12/02## apache-httpd Startup script. for the Apache HTTP Server## chkconfig: - 85 15# description: Apache is a World Wide Web server. It is used to serve \# HTML files and CGI.# processname: httpd# config: /usr/local/apache-httpd-default/conf/httpd.conf# pidfile: /var/run/httpd.pid# Source function library.. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions# Start httpd in the C locale by default.HTTPD_LANG=${HTTPD_LANG-"C"}# This will prevent initlog from swallowing up a pass-phrase prompt if# mod_ssl needs a pass-phrase from the user.INITLOG_ARGS=""# Path to the apachectl script, server binary, and short-form. for messages.apahectl=/usr/local/apache-httpd-default/bin/apachectlhttpd=${HTTPD-/usr/local/apache-httpd-default/bin/httpd}prog=httpdpidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/httpd.pid}lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/httpd}RETVAL=0# The semantics of these two functions differ from the way apachectl does# things -- attempting to start while running is a failure, and shutdown# when not running is also a failure. So we just do it the way init scripts# are expected to behave here.start() { echo -n $"Starting $prog: " LANG=$HTTPD_LANG daemon $httpd $OPTIONS RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch ${lockfile} return $RETVAL}# When stopping httpd a delay of >10 second is required before SIGKILLing the# httpd parent; this gives enough time for the httpd parent to SIGKILL any# errant children.stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc -d 10 $httpd RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile}}reload() { echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " if ! LANG=$HTTPD_LANG $httpd $OPTIONS -t >&/dev/null; then RETVAL=$? echo $"not reloading due to configuration syntax error" failure $"not reloading $httpd due to configuration syntax error" else killproc $httpd -HUP RETVAL=$? fi echo}# See how we were called.case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; status) status $httpd RETVAL=$? ;; restart) stop start ;; condrestart) if [ -f ${pidfile} ] ; then stop start fi ;; reload) reload ;; graceful|help|configtest|fullstatus) $apachectl $@ RETVAL=$? ;; *) echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|condrestart|reload|status|fullstatus|graceful|help|configtest}" exit 1esacexit $RETVAL