linux系统管理.系统的安装后的简单配置
2009-07-22 21:48
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1、server login : root <-------------输入用户名，回车，
password: <---------然后输入设定的密码
在输入密码的过程中，屏幕不会显示任何的信息（密码的字符及位数的长短）
２、显示[root@Fedora root]#
每个root的意思是当前登陆的用户，@ 表示at，意思是在……服务器上,Fedora的意思是主机的名称，第二个root的意思是/root的目录
３、以下[root@Fedora root]#的内容简单地缩写成#
#pwd ---------------打印当前所在目录
４、#ls / ---------------查看／目录下的信息
[root@localhost root]# ls /
bin dev home lib misc opt root tmp var
boot etc initrd lost+found mnt proc sbin usr
５、#useradd redhat 增加redhat用户
６、#passwd redhat 为redhat用户设置密码或激活此用户
７、#ls /home
８、#ls –ld /home/redhat
常见的文件属性：
９、#exit 退出root帐户，用刚刚建立的普通用户：redhat登陆系统。
１０、$pwd 打印当前所在目录,普通用户登陆时，提示符为$,管理员root登陆时，提示符为#
１１、$ls –a 查看目录下的所有文件，包括隐藏文件（以.开头的文件）
.bash_logout .bash_profile .bashrc
１２、$su - 切换成管理员用户
password: 输入密码，在此密码不显示
１３、#exit 退出管理用户
14、$ls –l /
15、#df 分区的使用情况（当前系统中所有文件占用的大小）#du –h 使结果更加好读，可加-h选项
16、#du 查看目录或文件占用的空间 #du –sh （ -s 总计 -h 更加好读 ） 命令可按Ctrl+C终止运行。
17、#du –sh /* 统计根目录下的所有文件占用的磁盘空间
18、#df -h
19、#fdisk –l /dev/hda
20、#hdparm /dev/hda
21、#hdparm –d1 /dev/hda (手工打开dma支持)
22、#more /etc/rc.local
23、#ping www.google.com
24、#more /etc/resolv.conf (DNS的配置文件)
nameserver 61.153.177.196
25、[root@localhost redhat]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:CA:44:B0
inet addr:192.168.0.254 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:6604 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:3757 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:100
RX bytes:547894 (535.0 Kb) TX bytes:500968 (489.2 Kb)
Interrupt:10 Base address:0x1080
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:10 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:10 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:700 (700.0 b) TX bytes:700 (700.0 b)
26、#netconfig (图形化修改网络配置)
27、#service network restart (重启网络服务)
28、#route –n
[root@localhost redhat]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
192.168.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
127.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 lo
0.0.0.0 192.168.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
29、#ping –192.168.0.1
30、#ping –b 192.168.0.255
31、#ifconfig eth0 192.168.0.254 netmask 255.255.255.0 修改IP地址
32、#ifconfig eth0 查看eth0的IP信息
33、#ifconfig eth0 up |down 激活或关闭eth0网卡
34、#route -n
35、#route add default gw 192.168.0.1 增加默认网关为192.168.0.1
36、#route –n
route 和ifconfig配置资料不会保存，只用于调试网络
37、[root@localhost redhat]# ls /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
ifcfg-eth0 ifdown-ippp ifdown-sit ifup-ipv6 ifup-post ifup-wireless
ifcfg-eth1 ifdown-ipv6 ifdown-sl ifup-ipx ifup-ppp init.ipv6-global
ifcfg-lo ifdown-isdn ifup ifup-isdn ifup-routes network-functions
ifdown ifdown-post ifup-aliases ifup-plip ifup-sit network-functions-ipv6
ifdown-aliases ifdown-ppp ifup-ippp ifup-plusb ifup-sl
38、[root@localhost redhat]# ls /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
39、[root@localhost redhat]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0 <-------------- 设备名
ONBOOT=yes <--------------在引导时是否激活
BOOTPROTO=static <----------手动还是自动
IPADDR=192.168.0.254 <----------IP地址
NETMASK=255.255.255.0 <----------子网掩码
GATEWAY=192.168.0.1 <----------默认网关
如需修改此文件，可手工修改此脚本，然后重启network服务进行加载。
40、[root@localhost redhat]# ls /etc/sysconfig/network*
/etc/sysconfig/network
/etc/sysconfig/networking:
devices ifcfg-lo profiles
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts:
ifcfg-eth0 ifdown-ipv6 ifup ifup-plip ifup-sl
ifcfg-eth1 ifdown-isdn ifup-aliases ifup-plusb ifup-wireless
ifcfg-lo ifdown-post ifup-ippp ifup-post init.ipv6-global
ifdown ifdown-ppp ifup-ipv6 ifup-ppp network-functions
ifdown-aliases ifdown-sit ifup-ipx ifup-routes network-functions-ipv6
ifdown-ippp ifdown-sl ifup-isdn ifup-sit
41、#netconfig || neat
运行上面的命令是将配置信息写进profiles文件，另外此目录优先于netconfig，可以手工清空profiles，然后netconfig命令。
系统用户环境配置
42、[root@localhost redhat]# locale 用户系统中语言环境
LANG=en_US.UTF-8 （en语言，US地区，UTF-8字符集）
LC_CTYPE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=
43、#locale –a 查看所有语言信息 (zh_CN.utf8 这个是设置中文的语言环境)
44、#date
45、#LANG=en_US.UTF-8
46、#ls /etc/sysconfig/i18n （语言配置脚本文件）
47、#more /etc/sysconfig/hwconf （所有系统硬件资料）
48、#kudzu 查看、检查硬件信息
49、#service kudzu start （检查新硬件）
50、#chkconfig kudzu –- list （查看kudzu状态）
51、#setup 调整系统信息（综合配置信息）
52、#chkconfig –-list |more
53、#[root@localhost redhat]# ls /etc/init.d/xinetd
/etc/init.d/xinetd
54、#ls /etc/xinetd.d
55、[root@localhost redhat]# ls /etc/rc?.d
/etc/rc0.d:
K03rhnsd K10xfs K30sendmail K74apmd K88syslog K96pcmcia
K05anacron K15gpm K44rawdevices K75netfs K90network S00killall
K05atd K20nfs K50xinetd K80random K91isdn S01halt
K05keytable K24irda K60crond K86nfslock K92iptables
K05saslauthd K25sshd K72autofs K87portmap K95kudzu
/etc/rc1.d:
K03rhnsd K15gpm K44rawdevices K75netfs K90network S00single
K05anacron K20nfs K50xinetd K80random K91isdn S17keytable
K05atd K24irda K60crond K86nfslock K92iptables
K05saslauthd K25sshd K72autofs K87portmap K95kudzu
K10xfs K30sendmail K74apmd K88syslog K96pcmcia
/etc/rc2.d:
K03rhnsd K44rawdevices K87portmap S12syslog S55sshd S95anacron
K05atd K50xinetd K95kudzu S17keytable S80sendmail S99local
K05saslauthd K72autofs S08iptables S20random S85gpm
K20nfs K75netfs S09isdn S24pcmcia S90crond
K24irda K86nfslock S10network S26apmd S90xfs
/etc/rc3.d:
K05saslauthd S08iptables S14nfslock S28autofs S85gpm S97rhnsd
K20nfs S09isdn S17keytable S55sshd S90crond S99local
K24irda S10network S20random S56rawdevices S90xfs
K95kudzu S12syslog S25netfs S56xinetd S95anacron
K96pcmcia S13portmap S26apmd S80sendmail S95atd
/etc/rc4.d:
K05saslauthd S09isdn S17keytable S28autofs S85gpm S97rhnsd
K20nfs S10network S20random S55sshd S90crond S99local
K24irda S12syslog S24pcmcia S56rawdevices S90xfs
S05kudzu S13portmap S25netfs S56xinetd S95anacron
S08iptables S14nfslock S26apmd S80sendmail S95atd
/etc/rc5.d:
K05saslauthd S09isdn S17keytable S28autofs S85gpm S97rhnsd
K20nfs S10network S20random S55sshd S90crond S99local
K24irda S12syslog S24pcmcia S56rawdevices S90xfs
S05kudzu S13portmap S25netfs S56xinetd S95anacron
S08iptables S14nfslock S26apmd S80sendmail S95atd
/etc/rc6.d:
K03rhnsd K10xfs K30sendmail K74apmd K88syslog K96pcmcia
K05anacron K15gpm K44rawdevices K75netfs K90network S00killall
K05atd K20nfs K50xinetd K80random K91isdn S01reboot
K05keytable K24irda K60crond K86nfslock K92iptables
K05saslauthd K25sshd K72autofs K87portmap K95kudzu
56、#ls –ld /etc/rc?.d
57、#ls /etc/init.d
58、#ls /etc/init.d/kudzu
59、#ls /etc/rc3.d |grep kudzu
60、[root@localhost redhat]# ls -l /etc/rc3.d/ |grep kudzu
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Dec 24 16:06 K95kudzu -> ../init.d/kudzu
K95说明是关闭状态;rc3.d下面的kudzu链接到指向init.d/kudzu目录下.以S开头的表示启动,以K开头的表示关闭.
61、[root@localhost redhat]# runlevel
N 3 <-------- 第三个运行级别
62、[root@localhost redhat]# ls /etc/rc3.d
K05saslauthd K95kudzu S09isdn S13portmap S20random S28autofs S56xinetd S90crond S95atd
K20nfs K96pcmcia S10network S14nfslock S25netfs S55sshd S80sendmail S90xfs S97rhnsd
K24irda S08iptables S12syslog S17keytable S26apmd S56rawdevices S85gpm S95anacron S99local
63、[root@localhost redhat]# chkconfig sshd --list
sshd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
64、[root@localhost redhat]# ls -ld /etc/rc?.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 24 23:50 /etc/rc0.d -> rc.d/rc0.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 24 23:50 /etc/rc1.d -> rc.d/rc1.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 24 23:50 /etc/rc2.d -> rc.d/rc2.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 24 23:50 /etc/rc3.d -> rc.d/rc3.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 24 23:50 /etc/rc4.d -> rc.d/rc4.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 24 23:50 /etc/rc5.d -> rc.d/rc5.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 24 23:50 /etc/rc6.d -> rc.d/rc6.d
65、[root@localhost redhat]# more /etc/inittab
#
# inittab This file describes how the INIT process should set up
# the system in a certain run-level.
#
# Author: Miquel van Smoorenburg, <miquels@drinkel.nl.mugnet.org>
# Modified for RHS Linux by Marc Ewing and Donnie Barnes
#
# Default runlevel. The runlevels used by RHS are:
# 0 - halt (Do NOT set initdefault to this)
# 1 - Single user mode
# 2 - Multiuser, without NFS (The same as 3, if you do not have networking)
# 3 - Full multiuser mode
# 4 - unused
# 5 - X11
# 6 - reboot (Do NOT set initdefault to this)
#
id:3:initdefault:
# System initialization.
si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit
l0:0:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 0
l1:1:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 1
l2:2:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 2
l3:3:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 3
l4:4:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 4
l5:5:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 5
l6:6:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 6
# Trap CTRL-ALT-DELETE
ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t3 -r now
# When our UPS tells us power has failed, assume we have a few minutes
# of power left. Schedule a shutdown for 2 minutes from now.
# This does, of course, assume you have powerd installed and your
# UPS connected and working correctly.
pf::powerfail:/sbin/shutdown -f -h +2 "Power Failure; System Shutting Down"
# If power was restored before the shutdown kicked in, cancel it.
pr:12345:powerokwait:/sbin/shutdown -c "Power Restored; Shutdown Cancelled"
# Run gettys in standard runlevels
1:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty1
2:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty2
3:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty3
4:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty4
5:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty5
6:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty6
# Run xdm in runlevel 5
x:5:respawn:/etc/X11/prefdm –nodaemon
66、#ntsysv
如果在windows下用putty的时候,可能会出现乱码,如下图:
.png]
此时可以做这样的设置.png]
.
再次运行得到全新的界面:
.jpg]
.本文出自 “leekwen” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://leekwen.blog.51cto.com/872109/181884
password: <---------然后输入设定的密码
在输入密码的过程中，屏幕不会显示任何的信息（密码的字符及位数的长短）
２、显示[root@Fedora root]#
每个root的意思是当前登陆的用户，@ 表示at，意思是在……服务器上,Fedora的意思是主机的名称，第二个root的意思是/root的目录
３、以下[root@Fedora root]#的内容简单地缩写成#
#pwd ---------------打印当前所在目录
４、#ls / ---------------查看／目录下的信息
[root@localhost root]# ls /
bin dev home lib misc opt root tmp var
boot etc initrd lost+found mnt proc sbin usr
５、#useradd redhat 增加redhat用户
６、#passwd redhat 为redhat用户设置密码或激活此用户
７、#ls /home
８、#ls –ld /home/redhat
| d | r | w | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2 | redhat | redhat | 4096 | Mar 12 10:27 | /home/redhat |
| 文件种类 | 读 | 写 | 执行 | 读 | 写 | 执行 | 读 | 写 | 执行 | 硬链接数 | 属主 | 属主所在组 | 目录大小 | 目录更新时间 | 目录名称 |
| 文件种类 | 说明 |
| - | 普通文件 |
| d | 表示为目录 |
| l | 表示为一个链接 |
| b | 表示为一个块设备 |
| c | 表示为一个字符设备 |
１０、$pwd 打印当前所在目录,普通用户登陆时，提示符为$,管理员root登陆时，提示符为#
１１、$ls –a 查看目录下的所有文件，包括隐藏文件（以.开头的文件）
.bash_logout .bash_profile .bashrc
１２、$su - 切换成管理员用户
password: 输入密码，在此密码不显示
１３、#exit 退出管理用户
14、$ls –l /
| bin | 二进制的工具集（binary的缩写） |
| boot | 系统启动的必需的引导文件（内核、磁盘镜像文件、引导配置文件） |
| dev | 系统的设备（外设、磁盘、终端）（device的缩写） |
| etc | 系统配置信息（修改的配置文件的存放目录） |
| home | 普通用户的家目录（用来存放普通用户的个人数据，此目录需要时常来管理） |
| initrd | 临时目录，引导暂存信息，一般来说是空的。 |
| lib | 共享库，动态链接库（类似于Windows里的.DLL库文件） |
| lost+found | 系统引导可能丢失的文件（通常此文件为空） |
| misc | 杂乱的额外的文件（基本不用） |
| mnt | 挂载外部设备的目录（mount） |
| opt | 大型软件安装的目录 |
| proc | 虚拟的文件系统，反映系统内核的信息（process）不占用任何磁盘空间 |
| root | 超级管理员的家目录 |
| sbin | 超级用户的管理工具的存放目录 |
| tmp | 临时文件（全局可写的目录）目录的属性为:drwxrwxrwt |
| usr | 所有用户公共的通用文档资料，配置文件，配置工具 |
| var | 动态变化的数据，日志，数据库的存放目录，时常需要整理 |
16、#du 查看目录或文件占用的空间 #du –sh （ -s 总计 -h 更加好读 ） 命令可按Ctrl+C终止运行。
17、#du –sh /* 统计根目录下的所有文件占用的磁盘空间
18、#df -h
19、#fdisk –l /dev/hda
20、#hdparm /dev/hda
21、#hdparm –d1 /dev/hda (手工打开dma支持)
22、#more /etc/rc.local
23、#ping www.google.com
24、#more /etc/resolv.conf (DNS的配置文件)
nameserver 61.153.177.196
25、[root@localhost redhat]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:CA:44:B0
inet addr:192.168.0.254 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:6604 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:3757 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:100
RX bytes:547894 (535.0 Kb) TX bytes:500968 (489.2 Kb)
Interrupt:10 Base address:0x1080
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:10 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:10 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:700 (700.0 b) TX bytes:700 (700.0 b)
26、#netconfig (图形化修改网络配置)
27、#service network restart (重启网络服务)
28、#route –n
[root@localhost redhat]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
192.168.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
127.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 lo
0.0.0.0 192.168.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
29、#ping –192.168.0.1
30、#ping –b 192.168.0.255
31、#ifconfig eth0 192.168.0.254 netmask 255.255.255.0 修改IP地址
32、#ifconfig eth0 查看eth0的IP信息
33、#ifconfig eth0 up |down 激活或关闭eth0网卡
34、#route -n
35、#route add default gw 192.168.0.1 增加默认网关为192.168.0.1
36、#route –n
route 和ifconfig配置资料不会保存，只用于调试网络
37、[root@localhost redhat]# ls /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
ifcfg-eth0 ifdown-ippp ifdown-sit ifup-ipv6 ifup-post ifup-wireless
ifcfg-eth1 ifdown-ipv6 ifdown-sl ifup-ipx ifup-ppp init.ipv6-global
ifcfg-lo ifdown-isdn ifup ifup-isdn ifup-routes network-functions
ifdown ifdown-post ifup-aliases ifup-plip ifup-sit network-functions-ipv6
ifdown-aliases ifdown-ppp ifup-ippp ifup-plusb ifup-sl
38、[root@localhost redhat]# ls /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
39、[root@localhost redhat]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0 <-------------- 设备名
ONBOOT=yes <--------------在引导时是否激活
BOOTPROTO=static <----------手动还是自动
IPADDR=192.168.0.254 <----------IP地址
NETMASK=255.255.255.0 <----------子网掩码
GATEWAY=192.168.0.1 <----------默认网关
如需修改此文件，可手工修改此脚本，然后重启network服务进行加载。
40、[root@localhost redhat]# ls /etc/sysconfig/network*
/etc/sysconfig/network
/etc/sysconfig/networking:
devices ifcfg-lo profiles
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts:
ifcfg-eth0 ifdown-ipv6 ifup ifup-plip ifup-sl
ifcfg-eth1 ifdown-isdn ifup-aliases ifup-plusb ifup-wireless
ifcfg-lo ifdown-post ifup-ippp ifup-post init.ipv6-global
ifdown ifdown-ppp ifup-ipv6 ifup-ppp network-functions
ifdown-aliases ifdown-sit ifup-ipx ifup-routes network-functions-ipv6
ifdown-ippp ifdown-sl ifup-isdn ifup-sit
41、#netconfig || neat
运行上面的命令是将配置信息写进profiles文件，另外此目录优先于netconfig，可以手工清空profiles，然后netconfig命令。
系统用户环境配置
42、[root@localhost redhat]# locale 用户系统中语言环境
LANG=en_US.UTF-8 （en语言，US地区，UTF-8字符集）
LC_CTYPE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=
43、#locale –a 查看所有语言信息 (zh_CN.utf8 这个是设置中文的语言环境)
44、#date
45、#LANG=en_US.UTF-8
46、#ls /etc/sysconfig/i18n （语言配置脚本文件）
47、#more /etc/sysconfig/hwconf （所有系统硬件资料）
48、#kudzu 查看、检查硬件信息
49、#service kudzu start （检查新硬件）
50、#chkconfig kudzu –- list （查看kudzu状态）
51、#setup 调整系统信息（综合配置信息）
52、#chkconfig –-list |more
53、#[root@localhost redhat]# ls /etc/init.d/xinetd
/etc/init.d/xinetd
54、#ls /etc/xinetd.d
55、[root@localhost redhat]# ls /etc/rc?.d
/etc/rc0.d:
K03rhnsd K10xfs K30sendmail K74apmd K88syslog K96pcmcia
K05anacron K15gpm K44rawdevices K75netfs K90network S00killall
K05atd K20nfs K50xinetd K80random K91isdn S01halt
K05keytable K24irda K60crond K86nfslock K92iptables
K05saslauthd K25sshd K72autofs K87portmap K95kudzu
/etc/rc1.d:
K03rhnsd K15gpm K44rawdevices K75netfs K90network S00single
K05anacron K20nfs K50xinetd K80random K91isdn S17keytable
K05atd K24irda K60crond K86nfslock K92iptables
K05saslauthd K25sshd K72autofs K87portmap K95kudzu
K10xfs K30sendmail K74apmd K88syslog K96pcmcia
/etc/rc2.d:
K03rhnsd K44rawdevices K87portmap S12syslog S55sshd S95anacron
K05atd K50xinetd K95kudzu S17keytable S80sendmail S99local
K05saslauthd K72autofs S08iptables S20random S85gpm
K20nfs K75netfs S09isdn S24pcmcia S90crond
K24irda K86nfslock S10network S26apmd S90xfs
/etc/rc3.d:
K05saslauthd S08iptables S14nfslock S28autofs S85gpm S97rhnsd
K20nfs S09isdn S17keytable S55sshd S90crond S99local
K24irda S10network S20random S56rawdevices S90xfs
K95kudzu S12syslog S25netfs S56xinetd S95anacron
K96pcmcia S13portmap S26apmd S80sendmail S95atd
/etc/rc4.d:
K05saslauthd S09isdn S17keytable S28autofs S85gpm S97rhnsd
K20nfs S10network S20random S55sshd S90crond S99local
K24irda S12syslog S24pcmcia S56rawdevices S90xfs
S05kudzu S13portmap S25netfs S56xinetd S95anacron
S08iptables S14nfslock S26apmd S80sendmail S95atd
/etc/rc5.d:
K05saslauthd S09isdn S17keytable S28autofs S85gpm S97rhnsd
K20nfs S10network S20random S55sshd S90crond S99local
K24irda S12syslog S24pcmcia S56rawdevices S90xfs
S05kudzu S13portmap S25netfs S56xinetd S95anacron
S08iptables S14nfslock S26apmd S80sendmail S95atd
/etc/rc6.d:
K03rhnsd K10xfs K30sendmail K74apmd K88syslog K96pcmcia
K05anacron K15gpm K44rawdevices K75netfs K90network S00killall
K05atd K20nfs K50xinetd K80random K91isdn S01reboot
K05keytable K24irda K60crond K86nfslock K92iptables
K05saslauthd K25sshd K72autofs K87portmap K95kudzu
56、#ls –ld /etc/rc?.d
57、#ls /etc/init.d
58、#ls /etc/init.d/kudzu
59、#ls /etc/rc3.d |grep kudzu
60、[root@localhost redhat]# ls -l /etc/rc3.d/ |grep kudzu
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Dec 24 16:06 K95kudzu -> ../init.d/kudzu
K95说明是关闭状态;rc3.d下面的kudzu链接到指向init.d/kudzu目录下.以S开头的表示启动,以K开头的表示关闭.
61、[root@localhost redhat]# runlevel
N 3 <-------- 第三个运行级别
62、[root@localhost redhat]# ls /etc/rc3.d
K05saslauthd K95kudzu S09isdn S13portmap S20random S28autofs S56xinetd S90crond S95atd
K20nfs K96pcmcia S10network S14nfslock S25netfs S55sshd S80sendmail S90xfs S97rhnsd
K24irda S08iptables S12syslog S17keytable S26apmd S56rawdevices S85gpm S95anacron S99local
63、[root@localhost redhat]# chkconfig sshd --list
sshd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
64、[root@localhost redhat]# ls -ld /etc/rc?.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 24 23:50 /etc/rc0.d -> rc.d/rc0.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 24 23:50 /etc/rc1.d -> rc.d/rc1.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 24 23:50 /etc/rc2.d -> rc.d/rc2.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 24 23:50 /etc/rc3.d -> rc.d/rc3.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 24 23:50 /etc/rc4.d -> rc.d/rc4.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 24 23:50 /etc/rc5.d -> rc.d/rc5.d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 24 23:50 /etc/rc6.d -> rc.d/rc6.d
65、[root@localhost redhat]# more /etc/inittab
#
# inittab This file describes how the INIT process should set up
# the system in a certain run-level.
#
# Author: Miquel van Smoorenburg, <miquels@drinkel.nl.mugnet.org>
# Modified for RHS Linux by Marc Ewing and Donnie Barnes
#
# Default runlevel. The runlevels used by RHS are:
# 0 - halt (Do NOT set initdefault to this)
# 1 - Single user mode
# 2 - Multiuser, without NFS (The same as 3, if you do not have networking)
# 3 - Full multiuser mode
# 4 - unused
# 5 - X11
# 6 - reboot (Do NOT set initdefault to this)
#
id:3:initdefault:
# System initialization.
si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit
l0:0:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 0
l1:1:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 1
l2:2:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 2
l3:3:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 3
l4:4:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 4
l5:5:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 5
l6:6:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 6
# Trap CTRL-ALT-DELETE
ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t3 -r now
# When our UPS tells us power has failed, assume we have a few minutes
# of power left. Schedule a shutdown for 2 minutes from now.
# This does, of course, assume you have powerd installed and your
# UPS connected and working correctly.
pf::powerfail:/sbin/shutdown -f -h +2 "Power Failure; System Shutting Down"
# If power was restored before the shutdown kicked in, cancel it.
pr:12345:powerokwait:/sbin/shutdown -c "Power Restored; Shutdown Cancelled"
# Run gettys in standard runlevels
1:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty1
2:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty2
3:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty3
4:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty4
5:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty5
6:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty6
# Run xdm in runlevel 5
x:5:respawn:/etc/X11/prefdm –nodaemon
66、#ntsysv
如果在windows下用putty的时候,可能会出现乱码,如下图:
.png]
此时可以做这样的设置.png]
.
再次运行得到全新的界面:
.jpg]
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