Mysql：函数之三： date and time functions：重要的格式化函数

DATE_FORMAT(
date
,[code]format

_str)[/code]

Formats the

date

value according tothe

format

string.The following specifiers may be used in the

format

string. The “

%

” character is required before format specifiercharacters.

Specifier	Description
%a	Abbreviated weekday name ( Sun .. Sat )
%b	Abbreviated month name ( Jan .. Dec )
%c	Month, numeric ( 0 .. 12 )
%D	Day of the month with English suffix ( 0th , 1st , 2nd , 3rd , …)
%d	Day of the month, numeric ( 00 .. 31 )
%e	Day of the month, numeric ( 0 .. 31 )
%f	Microseconds ( 000000 .. 999999 )
%H	Hour ( 00 .. 23 )
%h	Hour ( 01 .. 12 )
%I	Hour ( 01 .. 12 )
%i	Minutes, numeric ( 00 .. 59 )
%j	Day of year ( 001 .. 366 )
%k	Hour ( 0 .. 23 )
%l	Hour ( 1 .. 12 )
%M	Month name ( January .. December )
%m	Month, numeric ( 00 .. 12 )
%p	AM or PM
%r	Time, 12-hour ( hh:mm:ss followed by AM or PM )
%S	Seconds ( 00 .. 59 )
%s	Seconds ( 00 .. 59 )
%T	Time, 24-hour ( hh:mm:ss )
%U	Week ( 00 .. 53 ), whereSunday is the first day of the week
%u	Week ( 00 .. 53 ), whereMonday is the first day of the week
%V	Week ( 01 .. 53 ), whereSunday is the first day of the week; used with %X
%v	Week ( 01 .. 53 ), whereMonday is the first day of the week; used with %x
%W	Weekday name ( Sunday .. Saturday )
%w	Day of the week ( 0 =Sunday.. 6 =Saturday)
%X	Year for the week where Sunday is the first day of the week, numeric, fourdigits; used with %V
%x	Year for the week, where Monday is the first day of the week, numeric, fourdigits; used with %v
%Y	Year, numeric, four digits
%y	Year, numeric (two digits)
%%	A literal “ % ”character
% x	[code]x, for any “ x ” not listedabove

Ranges for the month and day specifiers begin with zero due to the fact thatMySQL allows the storing of incomplete dates such as

'2014-00-00'

.As of MySQL 5.1.12, the language used for day and month names andabbreviations is controlled by the value of the

lc_time_names

system variable (Section 9.8, “MySQLServer Locale Support”).As of MySQL 5.1.15,

DATE_FORMAT()

returns a string with a character set andcollation given by

character_set_connection

and

collation_connection

so that it can return month andweekday names containing non-ASCII characters. Before 5.1.15, the return valueis a binary string.

mysql> [code]SELECT DATE_FORMAT('2009-10-04 22:23:00', '%W %M %Y');

-> 'Sunday October 2009'mysql>

SELECT DATE_FORMAT('2007-10-04 22:23:00', '%H:%i:%s');

-> '22:23:00'mysql>

SELECT DATE_FORMAT('1900-10-04 22:23:00',

->

'%D %y %a %d %m %b %j');

-> '4th 00 Thu 04 10 Oct 277'mysql>

SELECT DATE_FORMAT('1997-10-04 22:23:00',

->

'%H %k %I %r %T %S %w');

-> '22 22 10 10:23:00 PM 22:23:00 00 6'mysql>

SELECT DATE_FORMAT('1999-01-01', '%X %V');

-> '1998 52'mysql>

SELECT DATE_FORMAT('2006-06-00', '%d');

-> '00'[/code]

GET_FORMAT({DATE|TIME|DATETIME},
{'EUR'|'USA'|'JIS'|'ISO'|'INTERNAL'})

Returns a format string. This function is useful in combination with the

DATE_FORMAT()

and the

STR_TO_DATE()

functions.The possible values for the first and second arguments result in severalpossible format strings (for the specifiers used, see the table in the

DATE_FORMAT()

function description). ISO format refersto ISO 9075, not ISO 8601.

Function Call	Result
GET_FORMAT(DATE,'USA')	'%m.%d.%Y'
GET_FORMAT(DATE,'JIS')	'%Y-%m-%d'
GET_FORMAT(DATE,'ISO')	'%Y-%m-%d'
GET_FORMAT(DATE,'EUR')	'%d.%m.%Y'
GET_FORMAT(DATE,'INTERNAL')	'%Y%m%d'
GET_FORMAT(DATETIME,'USA')	'%Y-%m-%d %H.%i.%s'
GET_FORMAT(DATETIME,'JIS')	'%Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s'
GET_FORMAT(DATETIME,'ISO')	'%Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s'
GET_FORMAT(DATETIME,'EUR')	'%Y-%m-%d %H.%i.%s'
GET_FORMAT(DATETIME,'INTERNAL')	'%Y%m%d%H%i%s'
GET_FORMAT(TIME,'USA')	'%h:%i:%s %p'
GET_FORMAT(TIME,'JIS')	'%H:%i:%s'
GET_FORMAT(TIME,'ISO')	'%H:%i:%s'
GET_FORMAT(TIME,'EUR')	'%H.%i.%s'
GET_FORMAT(TIME,'INTERNAL')	'%H%i%s'

TIMESTAMP

can alsobe used as the first argument to

GET_FORMAT()

, in which case the function returns thesame values as for

DATETIME

.mysql>

SELECT DATE_FORMAT('2003-10-03',GET_FORMAT(DATE,'EUR'));

-> '03.10.2003'mysql>

SELECT STR_TO_DATE('10.31.2003',GET_FORMAT(DATE,'USA'));

-> '2003-10-31'