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DataSet导出到Excel比较完整的解决方案(一)--客户端生成文件(downmoon)

2009-01-16 15:46 656 查看
有一客户需求:

1、要从SQL Server数据库导出并生成Excel ;

2、用户下载对应的Excel并填写上传再导入到SQL server。

费了将近六个小时,故一定要把过程写下来,希望看到此文的朋友少走些不必要的弯路。

首先,想到的是直接导出到客户端,代码如下:

public static void DataSetToExcel(DataSet oDS, HttpResponse Response, string fileName)
        {
            if (oDS == null || oDS.Tables[0] == null || oDS.Tables[0].Rows.Count == 0) { return; }
            Response.Clear();
            //Encoding pageEncode = Encoding.GetEncoding(PageEncode);
            HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset = "gb2312";
            //Response.ContentType = "application/vnd-excel";//"application/vnd.ms-excel";
            //Response.ContentType = "application/x-octet-stream";//"application/vnd.ms-excel";
            Response.ContentType = "text/csv";//"application/vnd.ms-excel";
            Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName + ".cvs");
            System.IO.StringWriter oSW = new System.IO.StringWriter();
            HtmlTextWriter oHW = new HtmlTextWriter(oSW);
            DataGrid dg = new DataGrid();
            dg.DataSource = oDS.Tables[0];
            dg.DataBind();
            dg.RenderControl(oHW);
            Response.Write(oSW.ToString());
            Response.Flush();
            Response.Close();
        }



这样生成是生成了! 客户也可以用Excel直接打开并编辑,问题来了! 上传时出错,仔细看看生成的Excel.xls,

用记事本打开,内容大致如下:

<table cellspacing="0" rules="all" border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse;" mce_style="border-collapse:collapse;">
    <tr>
        <td>品名</td><td>最高价格</td><td>最低价格</td><td>平均价格</td><td>计量单位</td><td>备注</td>
    </tr><tr>
        <td>青菜</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td>
    </tr><tr>
        <td>南瓜</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td>
    </tr><tr>
        <td>瓠子</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td>
    </tr><tr>
        <td>冬春笋</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td>
    </tr><tr>
        <td>雪里蕻</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td>
    </tr><tr>
        <td>樱桃萝卜</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td>
    </tr><tr>
        <td>佛手瓜</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td>
    </tr><tr>
        <td>白菜鼎</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td>
    </tr><tr>
        <td>蒜</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td>
    </tr><tr>
        <td>食用菌</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td>
    </tr><tr>
        <td>黄瓜</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td>
    </tr>
</table>





原来,就是纯粹的html格式,披了件Excel的外衣。这样用户传上来的文件当然不是标准的Excel格式了!

于是, 想到直接生成xml格式的Excel文档,方法如下 :




/// <summary>
        /// 执行导出
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="ds">要导出的DataSet</param>
        /// <param name="strExcelFileName">要导出的文件名</param>
        public static void ExportToExcel(DataSet source, string fileName)
        {
            System.IO.StreamWriter excelDoc;
            excelDoc = new System.IO.StreamWriter(fileName);
            const string startExcelXML = "<xml version>/r/n<Workbook " +
                  "xmlns=/"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet/"/r/n" +
                  " xmlns:o=/"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office/"/r/n " +
                  "xmlns:x=/"urn:schemas-    microsoft-com:office:" +
                  "excel/"/r/n xmlns:ss=/"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:" +
                  "office:spreadsheet/">/r/n <Styles>/r/n " +
                  "<Style ss:ID=/"Default/" ss:Name=/"Normal/">/r/n " +
                  "<Alignment ss:Vertical=/"Bottom/"/>/r/n <Borders/>" +
                  "/r/n <Font/>/r/n <Interior/>/r/n <NumberFormat/>" +
                  "/r/n <Protection/>/r/n </Style>/r/n " +
                  "<Style ss:ID=/"BoldColumn/">/r/n <Font " +
                  "x:Family=/"Swiss/" ss:Bold=/"1/"/>/r/n </Style>/r/n " +
                  "<Style     ss:ID=/"StringLiteral/">/r/n <NumberFormat" +
                  " ss:Format=/"@/"/>/r/n </Style>/r/n <Style " +
                  "ss:ID=/"Decimal/">/r/n <NumberFormat " +
                  "ss:Format=/"0.0000/"/>/r/n </Style>/r/n " +
                  "<Style ss:ID=/"Integer/">/r/n <NumberFormat " +
                  "ss:Format=/"0/"/>/r/n </Style>/r/n <Style " +
                  "ss:ID=/"DateLiteral/">/r/n <NumberFormat " +
                  "ss:Format=/"mm/dd/yyyy;@/"/>/r/n </Style>/r/n " +
                  "</Styles>/r/n ";
            const string endExcelXML = "</Workbook>";
            int rowCount = 0;
            int sheetCount = 1;
            /**//*
           <xml version>
           <Workbook xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet"
           xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"
           xmlns:x="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel"
           xmlns:ss="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet">
           <Styles>
           <Style ss:ID="Default" ss:Name="Normal">
             <Alignment ss:Vertical="Bottom"/>
             <Borders/>
             <Font/>
             <Interior/>
             <NumberFormat/>
             <Protection/>
           </Style>
           <Style ss:ID="BoldColumn">
             <Font x:Family="Swiss" ss:Bold="1"/>
           </Style>
           <Style ss:ID="StringLiteral">
             <NumberFormat ss:Format="@"/>
           </Style>
           <Style ss:ID="Decimal">
             <NumberFormat ss:Format="0.0000"/>
           </Style>
           <Style ss:ID="Integer">
             <NumberFormat ss:Format="0"/>
           </Style>
           <Style ss:ID="DateLiteral">
             <NumberFormat ss:Format="mm/dd/yyyy;@"/>
           </Style>
           </Styles>
           <Worksheet ss:Name="Sheet1">
           </Worksheet>
           </Workbook>
           */
            excelDoc.Write(startExcelXML);
            excelDoc.Write("<Worksheet ss:Name=/"Sheet" + sheetCount + "/">");
            excelDoc.Write("<Table>");
            excelDoc.Write("<Row>");
            for (int x = 0; x < source.Tables[0].Columns.Count; x++)
            {
                excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=/"BoldColumn/"><Data ss:Type=/"String/">");
                excelDoc.Write(source.Tables[0].Columns[x].ColumnName);
                excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
            }
            excelDoc.Write("</Row>");
            foreach (DataRow x in source.Tables[0].Rows)
            {
                rowCount++;
                //if the number of rows is > 64000 create a new page to continue output
                if (rowCount == 64000)
                {
                    rowCount = 0;
                    sheetCount++;
                    excelDoc.Write("</Table>");
                    excelDoc.Write(" </Worksheet>");
                    excelDoc.Write("<Worksheet ss:Name=/"Sheet" + sheetCount + "/">");
                    excelDoc.Write("<Table>");
                }
                excelDoc.Write("<Row>"); //ID=" + rowCount + "
                for (int y = 0; y < source.Tables[0].Columns.Count; y++)
                {
                    System.Type rowType;
                    rowType = x[y].GetType();
                    switch (rowType.ToString())
                    {
                        case "System.String":
                            string XMLstring = x[y].ToString();
                            XMLstring = XMLstring.Trim();
                            XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace("&", "&");
                            XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace(">", ">");
                            XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace("<", "<");
                            excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=/"StringLiteral/">" +
                                           "<Data ss:Type=/"String/">");
                            excelDoc.Write(XMLstring);
                            excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
                            break;
                        case "System.DateTime":
                            //Excel has a specific Date Format of YYYY-MM-DD followed by  
                            //the letter 'T' then hh:mm:sss.lll Example 2005-01-31T24:01:21.000
                            //The Following Code puts the date stored in XMLDate 
                            //to the format above
                            DateTime XMLDate = (DateTime)x[y];
                            string XMLDatetoString = ""; //Excel Converted Date
                            XMLDatetoString = XMLDate.Year.ToString() +
                                 "-" +
                                 (XMLDate.Month < 10 ? "0" +
                                 XMLDate.Month.ToString() : XMLDate.Month.ToString()) +
                                 "-" +
                                 (XMLDate.Day < 10 ? "0" +
                                 XMLDate.Day.ToString() : XMLDate.Day.ToString()) +
                                 "T" +
                                 (XMLDate.Hour < 10 ? "0" +
                                 XMLDate.Hour.ToString() : XMLDate.Hour.ToString()) +
                                 ":" +
                                 (XMLDate.Minute < 10 ? "0" +
                                 XMLDate.Minute.ToString() : XMLDate.Minute.ToString()) +
                                 ":" +
                                 (XMLDate.Second < 10 ? "0" +
                                 XMLDate.Second.ToString() : XMLDate.Second.ToString()) +
                                 ".000";
                            excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=/"DateLiteral/">" +
                                         "<Data ss:Type=/"DateTime/">");
                            excelDoc.Write(XMLDatetoString);
                            excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
                            break;
                        case "System.Boolean":
                            excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=/"StringLiteral/">" +
                                        "<Data ss:Type=/"String/">");
                            excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString());
                            excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
                            break;
                        case "System.Int16":
                        case "System.Int32":
                        case "System.Int64":
                        case "System.Byte":
                            excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=/"Integer/">" +
                                    "<Data ss:Type=/"Number/">");
                            excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString());
                            excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
                            break;
                        case "System.Decimal":
                        case "System.Double":
                            excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=/"Decimal/">" +
                                  "<Data ss:Type=/"Number/">");
                            excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString());
                            excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
                            break;
                        case "System.DBNull":
                            excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=/"StringLiteral/">" +
                                  "<Data ss:Type=/"String/">");
                            excelDoc.Write("");
                            excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
                            break;
                        default:
                            throw (new Exception(rowType.ToString() + " not handled."));
                    }
                }
                excelDoc.Write("</Row>");
            }
            excelDoc.Write("</Table>");
            excelDoc.Write(" </Worksheet>");
            excelDoc.Write(endExcelXML);
            excelDoc.Close();
        }





可惜, 生成的倒是XML格式了,但还是上传格式不正确,考虑到客户端可能是Excel2007/2003-97等等,决定放弃保存Excel到客户端的方式。

第三种尝试方案:用cvs保存,将第一种方法改为:



Response.ContentType = "text/csv";//"application/vnd.ms-excel";
            Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName + ".cvs");



生成格式大致如下:

"品名","最高价格","最低价格","平均价格","计量单位","备注"
"青菜","","","","元/公斤",""
"南瓜","","","","元/公斤",""
"瓠子","","","","元/公斤",""
"冬春笋","","","","元/公斤",""
"雪里蕻","","","","元/公斤",""
"樱桃萝卜","","","","元/公斤",""
"佛手瓜","","","","元/公斤",""
"白菜鼎","","","","元/公斤",""
"蒜","","","","元/公斤",""
"食用菌","","","","元/公斤",""
"黄瓜","","","","元/公斤",""





导入到SQL Server时有多种方法:

给出简要代码:



public static DataTable GetDataFromCSV(string filePath,int beginColumn)
        {
            int intColCount = 0;
            bool blnFlag = true;
            DataTable mydt = new DataTable("myTableName");
            DataColumn mydc;
            DataRow mydr;
           
            string strline;
            string[] aryline;
            System.IO.StreamReader mysr = new System.IO.StreamReader(filePath,System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);
            int FlagFirst =1;
            while ((strline = mysr.ReadLine()) != null)
            {
                //if (beginColumn == FlagFirst) { FlagFirst++; continue; }
                strline = strline.Replace("/n", "");
                strline = strline.Replace("/r", "");
                strline = strline.Replace("/t", "");
                //aryline = strline.Split(new char[] { '|' });
                aryline = strline.Split(new char[] { ',' });
                if (blnFlag)
                {
                    blnFlag = false;
                    intColCount = aryline.Length;
                    for (int i = 0; i < aryline.Length; i++)
                    {
                        mydc = new DataColumn(aryline[i]);
                        mydt.Columns.Add(mydc);
                    }
                }
                mydr = mydt.NewRow();
                for (int i = 0; i < intColCount; i++)
                {
                    mydr[i] = aryline[i];
                }
                mydt.Rows.Add(mydr);
                FlagFirst++;
            }
 
            mysr.Close();
            mysr.Dispose();
            return mydt;
        }





也有人给出方案,直接从cvs中读取



public static string PreFilePath=@"c:/Excel/";
        public static string strconn = @"Driver={Microsoft Text Driver (*.txt; *.csv)};Dbq="+PreFilePath+";Extensions=asc,csv,tab,txt;";
        public static DataSet GetDataSetFromCSV( string filename)
        {
            OdbcConnection objconn = new OdbcConnection(strconn);
            DataSet dscsv = new DataSet();
            try
            {
                string strsql = "select * from " + filename;                     //filename, for example: 1.csv
                OdbcDataAdapter odbccsvdataadapter = new OdbcDataAdapter(strsql, objconn);
                odbccsvdataadapter.Fill(dscsv);
                return dscsv;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
        }





尝试失败!!

Code Project 上有篇文章,

A Fast CSV Reader

也可以试试。

虽然也可以凑合用, 但总觉得CVS出错的可能性更大。

到此,决定放弃客户端生成的方式,请看下篇

http://blog.csdn.net/downmoon/archive/2009/01/16/3796652.aspx" target=_blank>DataSet导出到Excel比较完整的解决方案(二)--服务器端生成文件(downmoon)
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