ubuntu server 安装过程

新手学堂 详细讲解Ubuntu Server安装过程

发布时间：2007.07.11 06:23 来源：赛迪网 作者：skid

系统软件：Ubuntu 7.04 内核，Fluxbox桌面管理，firefox浏览器，openoffice办公软件，xfe文件管理器Step1:安装Ubuntu 7.04 Servera、Server安装画面，按F6，在 -- 之前添加 "irqpoll" 选项; 按F4，选择屏幕分辨率为1024×768 32b、语言选择Englishc、当安装自动设定 DHCP 时，选择 “Cancel”节省系统安装时间d、手动硬盘分区，创建一个65Mb的分区，并将其挂载点设定为 /boot,bootable选项设定为True,如不这么设定，系统安装完无法启动e、Server 安装类型、选择LAMPf、安装过程约15分钟Step 2：设定网络a、动态ip：sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces 在文件的最后加入iface eth0 inet dhcpauto eth0b、静态ip：(加快启动速度)iface eth0 inet staticaddress 192.168.0.3netmask 255.255.255.0gateway 192.168.0.1auto eth0注：ip地址设定为192.168.0.3，子网掩码：255.255.255.0，网关：192.168.0.1按 Ctrl+o 保存文件，按Ctrl+x退出设定DNS(动态ip不需)sudo nano /etc/resolv.conf 在文件加入nameserver 192.168.0.1注：192.168.0.1 是DNS的ip地址按 Ctrl+o 保存文件，按Ctrl+x退出Step 3、重启系统网络sudo /etc/init.d/networking restartStep 4、修改 源从网上获得一个复制文件 或 手工修改a、从网上获得一个源复制文件wget http://www.topmiracle.net/sources.listsudo cp ./sources.list /etc/aptb、手工修改sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list 设定 源 为deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty main restricted universe multiversedeb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty-security main restricted universe multiversedeb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu feisty-proposed main restricted universe multiverseStep 5、更新 源软件包 和 更新系统软件sudo aptitude updatesudo aptitude upgradeStep 6、安装Xorg,Fluxbox,Synapticsudo aptitude install xorg fluxbox synapticStep 7、安装英文和中文包sudo
aptitude install language-pack-en language-pack-en-base
language-pack-zh language-pack-zh-base language-selector
language-selector-commonStep 8、在英文界面输入中文sudo fontconfig-voodoo -f zh_CNStep 9、安装fcitx中文输入sudo aptitude install fcitxim-switch -s fcitxsudo nano /etc/gtk-2.0/gtk.immodules找到下面这个部份"/usr/lib/gtk-2.0/2.10.0/immodules/im-xim.so"
"xim" "X Input Method" "gtk20" "/usr/share/locale" "ko:ja:th:zh"更改为"/usr/lib/gtk-2.0/2.10.0/immodules/im-xim.so"
"xim" "X Input Method" "gtk20" "/usr/share/locale" "en:ko:ja:th:zh"Set 10、设定中文输入，系统环境sudo nano /etc/environment 在文件PATH后添加以下内容LC_CTYPE="zh_CN.UTF-8"LANG="en_US.UTF-8"Step 11、安装中文字体sudo aptitude install xfonts-wqySetp 12、设定系统启用中文字体从网上复制一个配置文件 或者 手工创建a、从网上复制一个配置文件wget http://www.topmiracle.net/language-selector.confsudo cp ./language-selector.conf /etc/fontsb、手工创建sudo nano /etc/fonts/language-selector.conf 文件内容为

<fontconfig> <alias> <family>serif</family> <prefer> <family>Bitstream Vera Serif</family> <family>DejaVu Serif</family> <family>AR PL ShanHeiSun Uni</family> <family>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</family> <family>AR PL ZenKai Uni</family> </prefer> </alias> <alias> <family>sans-serif</family> <prefer> <family>Bitstream Vera Sans</family> <family>DejaVu Sans</family> <family>AR PL ShanHeiSun Uni</family> <family>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</family> <family>AR PL ZenKai Uni</family> </prefer> </alias> <alias> <family>monospace</family> <prefer> <family>Bitstream Vera Sans Mono</family> <family>DejaVu Sans Mono</family> <family>AR PL ShanHeiSun Uni</family> <family>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</family> <family>AR PL ZenKai Uni</family> </prefer> </alias> <match target="font" > <test name="family" compare="contains" > <string>Song</string> <string>Sun</string> <string>Kai</string> <string>Ming</string> </test> <!-- check to see if the font is just regular --> <test name="weight" compare="less_eq"> <int>100</int> </test> <test compare="more_eq" target="pattern" name="weight" > <int>180</int> </test> <edit mode="assign" name="embolden" > <bool>true</bool> </edit> </match> <match target="font" > <test name="family" compare="contains" > <string>Song</string> <string>Sun</string> <string>Kai</string> <string>Ming</string> </test> <edit name="globaladvance"> <bool>false</bool> </edit> <edit name="spacing"> <int>0</int> </edit> <edit name="hinting"> <bool>true</bool> </edit> <edit name="autohint"> <bool>false</bool> </edit> <edit name="antialias" mode="assign"> <bool>true</bool> </edit> <test name="pixelsize" compare="less_eq"> <int>18</int> </test> <edit name="antialias" mode="assign" > <bool>false</bool> </edit> </match> </fontconfig>

Step 13、确认系统拥有zh_CN.UTF8sudo dpkg-reconfigure localesStep 14、安装firefox,openoffice,sun-java6-jresudo aptitude install firefox moxilla-firefox-locale-zh-cn openoffice.org sun-java6-jreStep 15、卸载Server默认安装的nfs(网络共享用samba, 以后安装)sudo aptitude remove nfsStep 16、重启电脑sudo reboot (sudo poweroff是关闭电脑)Step 17、Login后享受Ubuntu+Fluxbox的惊人速度startxStep 18、安装xfe文件管理器xfe是一个功能强大，耗能极少，速度极快的文件管理器，xfe 0.98版以后支持UTF8，安装前请确认版本号大于0.98目前(2007年4月)最新版是0.99-1,可到http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=64835 下载deb包(xfe主页http://sourceforge.net/projects/xfe)下载后先安装libfox-1.6-0sudo aptitude install libfox-1.6-0安装xfe(deb包)sudo dpkg -i xfe_0.99-1_i386.deb其他参考：https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/LowMemorySystemshttp://fluxbox.sourceforge.net/