linux下硬件信息的查看总结

原贴:http://blog.csdn.net/zg_hover/archive/2008/06/30/2598464.aspx

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linux应用--硬件信息查看

1, 主板信息
.查看主板的序列号
--------------------------------------------------
#使用命令
dmidecode | grep -i 'serial number'

#查看板卡信息
cat /proc/pci
--------------------------------------------------

2, cpu信息
--------------------------------------------------
#通过/proc文件系统
1) cat /proc/cpuinfo

#通过查看开机信息
2) dmesg | grep -i 'cpu'

#
3)dmidecode -t processor
--------------------------------------------------

3, 硬盘信息
--------------------------------------------------
#查看分区情况
fdisk -l
#查看大小情况
df -h
#查看使用情况
du -h
#
hdparm -I /dev/sda
#
dmesg  | grep sda
--------------------------------------------------

4, 内存信息
--------------------------------------------------
1) cat /proc/meminfo
2) dmesg | grep mem
3) free -m
4) vmstat
5) dmidecode  | grep -i mem
--------------------------------------------------

5, 网卡信息
--------------------------------------------------
1) dmesg | grep -i 'eth'
2) cat /etc/sysconfig/hwconf | grep -i eth
3) lspci | grep -i 'eth'
--------------------------------------------------

6, 鼠标键盘和USB信息
查看键盘和鼠标：cat /proc/bus/input/devices
查看USB设备：cat /proc/bus/usb/devices
查看各设备的中断请求(IRQ):cat /proc/interrupts

7, 显卡信息
--------------------------------------------------
1)lspci |grep -i 'VGA'
2)dmesg | grep -i 'VGA'
--------------------------------------------------

8, 声卡信息
--------------------------------------------------
1)lspci |grep -i 'VGA'
2)dmesg | grep -i 'VGA'
--------------------------------------------------

7, 其他命令
.用硬件检测程序kuduz探测新硬件：service kudzu start ( or restart)
.dmesg  (查看所有启动时检测到的硬件信息)
.lspci  (显示外设信息, 如usb，网卡等信息)
.cat /etc/sysconfig/hwconf
.mpstat

8, 需要手动安装的工具
lshw,hwinfo,hal-device-manager

9, Solaris如何检测硬件参数

俺从别处发现了些有意思的东西：
Solaris的硬件相关命令
发表：2004-3-8 11:20:36  出处：你的博客网(yourblog.org)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1)．查看当前处理器的类型和速度(主频)
# psrinfo –v
Status of processor 1 as of: 11/24/01 10:34:41
Processor has been on-line since 11/24/01 10:18:20.
The sparcv9 processor operates at 432 MHz,
and has a sparcv9 floating point processor.
Status of processor 3 as of: 11/24/01 10:34:41
Processor has been on-line since 11/24/01 10:18:22.
The sparcv9 processor operates at 432 MHz,
and has a sparcv9 floating point processor.

2)．打印当前的OBP版本号
# prtconf –V
OBP 3.20.0 2000/10/24 10:47

# /usr/platform/sun4u/sbin/prtdiag –v | grep OBP
OBP 3.20.0 2000/10/24 10:47   POST 6.1.0 2000/10/24 10:49

ok. .version
Release 3.20 Version 0 created 2000/10/24 10:47
OBP 3.20.0 2000/10/24 10:47
POST 6.1.0 2000/10/24 10:49
OBDIAG 4.5.1 2000/10/24 10:48

3)．查看硬盘物理信息(vendor, RPM, Capacity)

# iostat –E

sd0      Soft Errors: 0 Hard Errors: 0 Transport Errors: 0
Vendor: SEAGATE  Product: ST34371W SUN4.2G Revision: 7462 Serial No:
JDX394220KW EBC
Size: 4.29GB <4292075520 bytes>;
Media Error: 0 Device Not Ready: 0 No Device: 0 Recoverable: 0
Illegal Request: 0 Predictive Failure Analysis: 0
sd2      Soft Errors: 0 Hard Errors: 0 Transport Errors: 0
Vendor: FUJITSU  Product: MAJ3364M SUN36G  Revision: 0804 Serial No: 01M18144

Size: 36.42GB <36418595328 bytes>;
Media Error: 0 Device Not Ready: 0 No Device: 0 Recoverable: 0
Illegal Request: 0 Predictive Failure Analysis: 0
sd3      Soft Errors: 0 Hard Errors: 0 Transport Errors: 0
Vendor: FUJITSU  Product: MAJ3364M SUN36G  Revision: 0804 Serial No: 01M16199

Size: 36.42GB <36418595328 bytes>;
Media Error: 0 Device Not Ready: 0 No Device: 0 Recoverable: 0
Illegal Request: 0 Predictive Failure Analysis: 0
sd21     Soft Errors: 0 Hard Errors: 0 Transport Errors: 0
Vendor: TOSHIBA  Product: DVD-ROM SD-M1401 Revision: 1007 Serial No: 06/22/00
Size: 18446744073.71GB <-1 bytes>;
Media Error: 0 Device Not Ready: 0 No Device: 0 Recoverable: 0
Illegal Request: 0 Predictive Failure Analysis: 0

4)．查看磁盘的几何参数和分区信息
# prtvtoc /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0

* /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0 partition map
*
* Dimensions:
*     512 bytes/sector
*     135 sectors/track
*      16 tracks/cylinder
*    2160 sectors/cylinder
*    3882 cylinders
*    3880 accessible cylinders
*
* Flags:
*   1: unmountable
*  10: read-only
*
* Unallocated space:
*       First     Sector    Last
*       Sector     Count    Sector
*     8277120    103680   8380799
*
*                          First     Sector    Last
* Partition  Tag  Flags     Sector     Count    Sector   Mount Directory
0      2    00          0   2049840   2049839   /
1      3    01    2049840    615600   2665439
2      5    00          0   8380800   8380799
5      0    00    2665440   2458080   5123519   /opt
6      4    00    5123520   3073680   8197199   /usr
7      8    00    8197200     79920   8277119   /export/home

5)．显示已经使用和未使用的i-node数目
# df –F ufs –o i
Filesystem             iused   ifree  %iused  Mounted on
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0       7859  479821     2%   /
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s6      37763  339517    10%   /usr
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s5        722  301102     0%   /opt
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s7          4   24380     0%   /export/home

6).显示cpu使用率最高的进程
# ps –eo pid,pcpu,args | sort +1n
该命令输出当前系统进程的pid, CPU占用率及命令描述，并以pcpu来排序

7)．显示内存占用率最高的进程
# ps –eo pid,vsz,args | sort +1n
该命令输出当前系统进程的pid，内存占用率及命令描述，并以vsz来排序

8)．查看及启动系统的32位或64位内核模式
64位模式
# isalist –v
sparcv9+vis sparcv9 sparcv8plus+vis sparcv8plus sparcv8 sparcv8-fsmuld sparcv7
sparc

# isainfo –v
64-bit sparcv9 applications
32-bit sparc applications

# isainfo –b
64

启动64位内核模式
ok. boot kernel/sparcv9/unix

32位模式
# isalist –v
sparcv8plus+vis sparcv8plus sparcv8 sparcv8-fsmuld sparcv7 sparc

# isainfo –v
32-bit sparc applications

# isainfo –b
32

启动32位模式
ok. boot kernel/unix

9)．查看当前的OpenWindows版本
# showrev –w
OpenWindows version:
X11 Version 6.4.1  5 November 2001

10)．查看当前CDE的版本
# /usr/ccs/bin/what /usr/dt/bin/dtmail
/usr/dt/bin/dtmail:
CDE Version 1.4.6_06
CDEVersion1.4.6_06

11)．测定当前的显示器刷新频率
/usr/sbin/ffbconfig –rev /?

Valid values for -res option are:
1024x768x60 [1]
1024x768x70 [1]
1024x768x75 [1] [2]
1024x768x77
1024x800x84
1152x900x66
1152x900x76
1280x800x76 [1] [2]
1280x1024x60 [1] [2]
1280x1024x67
1280x1024x76
1280x1024x85 [1] [2]
960x680x112s
960x680x108s
640x480x60 [1] [2]
640x480x60i [1]
768x575x50i [1]
1440x900x76 [1] [2]
1600x1000x66 [1] [2]
1600x1000x76 [1] [2]
1600x1280x76 [1] [2]
1920x1080x72 [1] [2]
1920x1080x76 [1] [2]
1920x1200x70 [1] [2]
1920x1200x75 [1] [2]
svga [1]
1152
1280
stereo
vga [1] [2]
ntsc [1]
pal [1]
none
Notes:
[1] monitor does not support this resolution.
[2] this version of FFB (FFB1) does not support this resolution

12)．查看系统配置

# /usr/platform/sun4u/sbin/prtdiag –v
System Configuration:  Sun Microsystems  sun4u Sun Enterprise 450 (2 X
UltraSPAR
C-II 432MHz)
System clock frequency: 86 MHz
Memory size: 1024 Megabytes

========================= CPUs =========================

Run   Ecache   CPU    CPU
Brd  CPU   Module   MHz     MB    Impl.   Mask
--More--
---  ---  -------  -----  ------  ------  ----
SYS     1     1      432     4.0   US-II    10.0
SYS     3     3      432     4.0   US-II    10.0

========================= Memory =========================

Interlv.  Socket   Size
Bank    Group     Name    (MB)  Status
----    -----    ------   ----  ------
0      none      1901   256      OK
0      none      1902   256      OK
0      none      1903   256      OK
0      none      1904   256      OK
0      none      1701   256      OK
0      none      1702   256      OK

========================= IO Cards =========================

No failures found in System
===========================

========================= Environmental Status =========================
System Temperatures (Celsius):
------------------------------
AMBIENT    20
CPU 1      40
CPU 3      40
=================================

Front Status Panel:
-------------------
Keyswitch position is in On mode.

System LED Status:    POWER     GENERAL ERROR      ACTIVITY
[ ON]         [OFF]           [ ON]
DISK ERROR  THERMAL ERROR  POWER SUPPLY ERROR
[OFF]         [OFF]           [OFF]

Disk LED Status:        OK = GREEN      ERROR = YELLOW
DISK  2:    [OK]        DISK  3:    [OK]
DISK  0:    [OK]        DISK  1: [EMPTY]
=================================

Fans:
-----
Fan Bank   Speed    Status
--------   -----    ------
CPU          49       OK
PWR          31       OK

Power Supplies:
---------------
Supply     Rating    Temp    Status
------     ------    ----    ------
0         550 W     33       OK
1         550 W     33       OK

========================= HW Revisions =========================

ASIC Revisions:
---------------
STP2223BGA: Rev 4
STP2223BGA: Rev 4
STP2223BGA: Rev 4
STP2003QFP: Rev 1
STP2205BGA: Rev 1

System PROM revisions:
----------------------
OBP 3.20.0 2000/10/24 10:47   POST 6.1.0 2000/10/24 10:49

# sysdef
*
* Hostid
*
80fee99b
*
* sun4u Configuration
*
*
* Devices
*
packages (driver not attached)
terminal-emulator (driver not attached)
deblocker (driver not attached)
obp-tftp (driver not attached)
disk-label (driver not attached)
SUNW,builtin-drivers (driver not attached)
sun-keyboard (driver not attached)
ufs-file-system (driver not attached)
chosen (driver not attached)
openprom (driver not attached)
client-services (driver not attached)
options, instance #0
aliases (driver not attached)
memory (driver not attached)
virtual-memory (driver not attached)
associations (driver not attached)
slot2disk (driver not attached)
slot2led (driver not attached)
slot2dev (driver not attached)
pci, instance #0
ebus, instance #0
auxio (driver not attached)
……

# prtconf –D
System Configuration:  Sun Microsystems  sun4u
Memory size: 1024 Megabytes
System Peripherals (Software Nodes):

SUNW,Ultra-4
packages
terminal-emulator
deblocker
obp-tftp
disk-label
SUNW,builtin-drivers
sun-keyboard
ufs-file-system
chosen
openprom
client-services
options, instance #0 (driver name: options)
aliases
memory
virtual-memory
associations
slot2disk
slot2led
slot2dev
pci, instance #0 (driver name: pcipsy)
ebus, instance #0 (driver name: ebus)
auxio
power (driver name: power)
SUNW,pll
sc
se, instance #0 (driver name: se)
su, instance #0 (driver name: su)
…..

13)．查看当前系统中已经应用的补丁
# showrev –p
Patch: 109618-01 Obsoletes:  Requires:  Incompatibles:  Packages: SUNWeuxwe,
SUN
Weuezt, SUNWeudlg, SUNWeudda
Patch: 109889-01 Obsoletes: 109353-04 Requires:  Incompatibles:  Packages:
SUNWk
vmx, SUNWkvm, SUNWmdb, SUNWhea, SUNWpstl, SUNWpstlx
Patch: 110369-05 Obsoletes: 110709-02 Requires:  Incompatibles:  Packages:
SUNWk
vmx, SUNWcarx, SUNWcsr
Patch: 110370-03 Obsoletes: 111643-01 Requires:  Incompatibles:  Packages:
SUNWk
vmx, SUNWkvm, SUNWmdb, SUNWhea, SUNWpstl, SUNWpstlx
Patch: 110373-04 Obsoletes: 111508-01 Requires:  Incompatibles:  Packages:
SUNWk
vmx, SUNWcarx, SUNWcsr
Patch: 110374-08 Obsoletes: 110136-02, 110516-02 Requires:  Incompatibles:
Pack
ages: SUNWkvmx, SUNWcarx, SUNWcar, SUNWcsr, SUNWmdbx
…..

14)．显示当前的运行级别
# who –rH
NAME       LINE         TIME          IDLE    PID  COMMENTS
.       run-level 3  Nov 24 10:18     3      0  S

15)．查找一个文件所从属的包
# pkgchk –lp /usr/lib/sendmail
Pathname: /usr/lib/sendmail
Type: regular file
Expected mode: 4555
Expected owner: root
Expected group: bin
Expected file size (bytes): 761368
Expected sum(1) of contents: 41707
Expected last modification: Sep 24 03:13:13 2001
Referenced by the following packages:
SUNWsndmu
Current status: installed

16)．查看当前的bind版本信息
# nslookup –class=chaos –q=txt version.bind
Server:  ns.lnpta.net.cn
Address:  202.96.64.68