WinDBG常用调试命令

. 查询符号

kd> x nt!KeServiceDescriptorTable*
8046e100 nt!KeServiceDescriptorTableShadow = <no type information>
8046e0c0 nt!KeServiceDescriptorTable = <no type information>

kd> ln 8046e100
(8046e100) nt!KeServiceDescriptorTableShadow | (8046e140) nt!MmSectionExtendResource
Exact matches:
nt!KeServiceDescriptorTableShadow = <no type information>

2. 下载系统文件的符号

symchk c:/winnt/system32/ntoskrnl.exe /s srv*c:/symbols*http://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols

SYMCHK: FAILED files = 0
SYMCHK: PASSED + IGNORED files = 1

3. 查看 event 对象的信号状态

!object /BaseNamedObjects
dt -b nt!_KEVENT xxxxxxxx

4. 查看 LastError 值

!gle

5. 指定进制形式， 0x/0n/0t/0y 分别表示 16/10/8/2 进制

? 0x12345678+0n10
Evaluate expression: 305419906 = 12345682

6. 过滤命令窗口输出信息

.prompt_allow -reg +dis -ea -src -sym

7. .formats 命令

以多种格式显示表达式的值
0:000> .formats @eax
Evaluate expression:
Hex: 00181eb4
Decimal: 1580724
Octal: 00006017264
Binary: 00000000 00011000 00011110 10110100
Chars: ....
Time: Mon Jan 19 15:05:24 1970
Float: low 2.21507e-039 high 0
Double: 7.80981e-318

8. 异常处理相关

有 sx, sxd, sxe, sxi, sxn, sxr 几条命令可用来设置异常和事件的处理方式。比如：
0:000> sxe ld
可以在加载 dll 时中断下来。

9. 内核调试时切换进程

lkd> !process 0 0
lkd> .process xxxxxxxx

10. 可在桌面上建立一个 WinDbg.exe 的快捷方式，然后在该快捷方式的属性力设置如下命令行

C:/WinDBG/windbg.exe -c ".prompt_allow +dis -reg -ea -src -sym; .enable_unicode 1; .enable_long_status 1; .logopen /t c:/dbglog/dbglog.txt"

11. 本机内核调试

通过 File/Kernel Debug… 菜单可以打开内核调试选择窗口，选择最后一个 Local 选项页，确定后可以以内核方式调试本地机器。这时所有会挂起系统的命令都用不了了，但可以读写系统内存。另外，有一个方便的用途是用来查看系统结构，比如： dt nt!_EPROCESS 。

12. 其他命令
windbg中常用的命令
~ - list threads in current process context
~* - list detail information of threads in current process context
lm - list all loaded modules
!sym noice/quiet - symbol prompts on/off
.srcpath - set source code path
k - display current stack
~*kb - display current stack for all threads
dv - display current local variable (ctrl + alt + v to switch mode)
.Frame - call stack
dt xxx - display data structure for xxx such as PEB
!gle/!error - display last error for current thread.
!teb - diplay current thread execution block
!peb - diplay current process execution block
r [@register] - display value of all register
ln [Address] - display the object type in Address
x [] - search address for global variable or global function, such as "x kernel32!*"
!locks - display dead lock
!handle - get current handle usage
!htrace [enable] - display and trace handles.
u - disassemble
bp [Kernel!SetLastError] [value] - set break pointer
bl - display break pointer information.
for example:
bp `mysource.cpp:143` "j (poi(MyVar)”0n20) ''; 'g' "
when MyVar is exceed 0x20, g command will be invoked. NOTE: "j" is to set conditional break pointer.
ba - data break pointer
ba w4 0x4000000 "kb;g" - list all modify 0x40000's call stack.

p,pa,t,ta - control command