FreeBSD邮件服务Postfix问题：“fatal: open database /etc/aliases.db”

FreeBSD邮件服务Postfix问题："fatal: open database /etc/aliases.db"http://www.liulantao.com/blogs/liulantao/ [Mon Feb 4 18:43:54 CST 2008]
E: What does "fatal: open database /etc/aliases.db" mean?
C: "fatal: open database /etc/aliases.db" 意味着什么？

E: DB files are maintained by the Berkeley DB library. The abovemessage means one of the following things:
C: DB数据库文件由Berkeley DB链接库维护。以上的消息意味着以下的几种情况之一：

E: * The existing file does not have the expected file format. Thecause is one of the following:
C: 已存在的文件没有期望的文件格式。原因为以下情况之一：

E: o The file was created by Berkeley DB version 1 and youare using version 2 or 3 (or vice versa).
C: 此文件由Berkeley DB版本1所创建，而你正在使用版本2或3（反之亦然）。

E: o The file was written in "btree" format and Postfixexpects "hash" format (or vice versa).
C: 文件以"btree"格式写就，而Postfix需要"hash"格式（反之亦然）。

E: To fix the problem for Postfix execute the following command as root:
C: 欲为Postfix修正此问题，以root用户运行以下命令： newaliases

E: This creates the aliases.db in the format that Postfix expects.
C: 这将以Postfix所期望的格式创建aliases.db。

E: * Or the problem could be something completely different. Ifthe result of running newaliases is a zero-length aliases.db file,then you probably suffer from the following problem.
C: 或许问题恰好完全相反。如果运行newaliases的结果是一个空aliases.db文件，那么你可能遇到的是以下的问题。

E: o Postfix was compiled with #include files for BerkeleyDB version X and was linked against object library files for BerkeleyDB version Y, where X and Y are different versions of the Berkeley DBlibrary.
C: Postfix编译时包含了Berkeley DB版本X的文件，而为BerkeleyDB版本Y链接为目标库文件，而X与Y为Berkeley DB的不同版本。

E: The fix for this is to properly install the Berkeley DBlibrary. For example, RedHat version 7.0 uses the Berkeley DB version3 object library by default, but no /usr/include/db.h file isinstalled by default. In order to correctly build Postfix you mustinstall the db3-devel package.
C: 解决此问题的方法是适当的安装Berkeley DB库。例如，Redhat版本7.0默认使用了Berkeley DB版本3的目标库，却没有默认安装/usr/include/db.h文件。为了正确的建立Postfix，你必须安装db3-devel文件包。

E: On a properly installed system, including the file <db.h> andlinking with -ldb should access files from the same Berkeley DBlibrary version.
C: 在一个适当安装好的系统中，包含文件<db.h>并且链接以-ldb选项将会利用Berkeley DB相同版本的库文件。

参考位置：http://www.postfix.org/faq.html#noalias