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[转帖]修复identity 类型字段数据的跳跃

2007-08-27 10:33 369 查看
修复identity 类型字段数据的跳跃
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内容提要

1、引言
2、dbcc object_atts
3、下载'sp_identity' 存储过程
4、使用sp_identity显示使用identity 类型字段的表

5 使用sp_identity显示当前表的 identity 数字
6、使用sp_identity 修改表的 identity数字

1引言
在sybase 中,有一个使用未公开的dbcc 命令 ,即 dbcc object_atts 快速修复identity 跳跃的方法,因为 dbcc

object_atts 比较难于使用,而存储过程 sp_identity 更容易完成你的问题
警告:本文的方法没有出现在sybase 发布的文档中,并且没有被 sybase 支持,使用与否取决定你自己,如果出现问题,不能从
sybase 技术支持那里得到帮助

2、dbcc object_atts
dbcc object_atts 命令提供了 一个访问 OAM 页的后门,在 OMA 中,保存了表的 identity 计数器。
不幸的是,这个命令在文档中几乎没有任何说明,并且很难使用,其语法如下:
dbcc object_atts (table_name, 0, subcommand, [ new_value ] )
第一个参数 :表名,第二个参数 0,
第三个参数: get ---显示 保存在 OMA 中的 identity 值
或put ---设置 OMA 中的 identity 值,设置的具体数据为 第四个参数数据
第四个参数 :新设置的数

主要的问题是 dbcc object_atts 显示的数据为 16字节的 16进制字符,你必须自己解释为10进制,并且,如何解释依赖于

identity 列的长度,同样,设置它也是。在实际环境中,很少作为首选。
幸运的是,有一个存储过程 sp_identity 能够处理编码与解码, 并且给出所有含 identity 列的表的情况

下载 'sp_identity'
sp_identity 只支持 11。0 以后版本,下载文件中包含两个版本,一个用于 ASE 11.9/11.5/11.0 的叫

,sp_identity.119.sql,另外一个用于ASE 12.0及以后版本(sp_identity.120.sql)

4、使用sp_identity显示使用identity 类型字段的表
sp_identity 有几个不同的功能,不带任何参数运行,只显示当前数据库中 包含 identity 列的表,
以及最大可能的 identity 跳跃

1> sp_identity
2> go
Tables with an identity column in database '':

Owner.Table.Column datatype Maximum Identity Gap
------------------------------- -------------------------------
dbo.invoices.inv_nr numeric(18) 500000000000000 (burn)
dbo.small_gap_tab.a numeric(30) 10 (identity_gap)
dbo.my_table.n numeric(6) 500 (burn)

(burn) 表示 identity列的 一次取数由系统参数"identity burning set factor" 决定,而
(identity_gap) 表示 该表有自定义的identity_gap 属性

5 使用sp_identity显示当前表的 identity 数字
确定当前特定表的 OAM 页的identity 值,必须按照以下三步过程:
首先 打开跟踪标志 3604 (运行 dbcc traceon(3604) )
运行 指定特定表名运行 sp_identity

1> sp_identity invoices
2> go
Table = invoices (id=1804533462)
Identity column = a numeric(18)
Max. Identity Gap = 500000000000000
("identity burning set factor" = 5000 = 0.05%)

Reading identity value from OAM page...
object_atts:get:return value=1
0207E20C: 0001c6bf 52634001 00000000 00000000 ....Rc@.........
0207E21C: .
DBCC execution completed. If DBCC printed error messages,
contact a user with System Administrator (SA) role.

这个 16字节的 16进制字符串是 OAM 中保存的 identity 值 (0001c6bf 52634001 00000000 00000000)

再次运行 sp_identity ,并且 指定这个字符串参数

1> sp_identity invoices, "0001c6bf 52634001 00000000 0000000"
2> go
Table = invoices (id=1804533462)
Identity column = a numeric(18)
Max. Identity Gap = 500000000000000
("identity burning set factor" = 5000 = 0.05%)

Decoded identity value on OAM page = 500000000000001
(hex=0001c6bf52634001)

现在,我们得到并解码了 OAM 中的 identity 值,但它意味着什么呢?
首先,如果你用 "with nowait" 停止服务器,这个 identity 列将跳跃多少。而不是表中数据的下一个。
而是保存在 OAM 中的数据加上 identity 种子设顶数(在 ASE 12.0, 为identity_gap 选项)
另外,当你运行 ASE 12.0, 可以通过运行 dbcc listoam看到这个数据

6、使用sp_identity 修改表的 identity数字
使用 sp_identity , OAM 中identity 的 数字可以被设置为任意数. 这个需要如下步骤:
1、确认你要设置的数据(查看表中identity 的数据应该到多少,比如 10033 )
2、正常停止服务器
3 重新启动服务器,以单用户模式,或者不让用户访问
4、 运行 sp_identity table_name, null, new_value ;
1> sp_identity invoices, null, 10032
2> go
Table = invoices (id=1804533462)
Identity column = a numeric(18)
Max. Identity Gap = 500000000000000
("identity burning set factor" = 5000 = 0.05%)

object_atts:put:return value=1
DBCC execution completed. If DBCC printed error messages,
contact a user with System Administrator (SA) role.

Identity value on OAM page has been set to 10032
(hex=0x00000000000027300000000000000000)
You should now do a 'shutdown with nowait' immediately.
After restarting the server, the value assigned to the
next row inserted into 'invoices' will be 10033.

5 然后立即运行 'shutdown with nowait' ,这样 表的下一个 identity 数字是 10033
6 重新正常启动sybase 服务

说明:如果你应用了 identity 数据类型,并且要求identity 列保持连续,并且数据量很大,那么,用这个方法需要的时间可能比较短
否则不推荐使用。

下面是SP_IDENTITY.120.SQL,用于 12.0 以后版本
/*
* SP_IDENTITY.120.SQL - version for ASE 12.0 or later
* (when running ASE 11.9/11.5/11.0, install SP_IDENTITY.119.SQL instead)
*
* Description
* ===========
* This file contains the stored procedure 'sp_identity', which performs some
* useful functions w.r.t. identity columns:
*
* - displays all tables with an identity column in the current database
* - displays the identity value stored on a table's OAM page
* - resets the identity value stored on a table's OAM page
*
* For details and background, see http://www.sypron.nl/idfix.html .
*
*
* Installation
* ============
* Execute this script using "isql", using a login having both "sa_role"
* and "sso_role".
* The stored procedure will be created in the sybsystemprocs database.
*
*
* Notes
* =====
* - Traceflag 3604 should be enabled before running sp_identity for a
* specific table ("dbcc traceon(3604)"); if omitted, you won't see
* any output.
*
* - To run sp_identity for a specific table, sa_role and sybase_ts_role
* are required.
*
* - sp_identity was successfully tested on ASE versions 11.0.3, 11.5,
* 11.9.2 and 12.0 on various platforms.
*
* - sp_identity will not work on ASE 11.0 because this version
* does not support the 'case' expression.
*
* - sp_identity was not tested on a 64-bit ASE version.
*
*
* Revision History
* ================
* Version 1.0 17-Dec-2000 First version
* Version 1.1 Oct-2002 Handle identity_gap=NULL (thanks to Alan Cooper),
* and some small improvements for installation
* Version 1.2 Apr-2003 Improved installation
*
*
* Copyright Note & Disclaimer :
* =============================
* This software is provided "as is"; there is no warranty of any kind.
* While this software is believed to work accurately, it may not work
* correctly and/or reliably in a production environment. In no event shall
* Rob Verschoor and/or Sypron B.V. be liable for any damages resulting
* from the use of this software.
* You are allowed to use this software free of charge for your own
* professional, non-commercial purposes.
* You are not allowed to sell or bundle this software or use it for any
* other commercial purpose without prior written permission from
* Rob Verschoor/Sypron B.V.
* You may (re)distribute only unaltered copies of this software, which
* must include this copyright note, as well as the copyright note in
* the header of each stored procedure.
*
* Note: All trademarks are acknowledged.
*
* Please send any comments, bugs, suggestions etc. to the below email
* address.
*
* Copyright (c) 2000-2002 Rob Verschoor/Sypron B.V.
* P.O.Box 10695
* 2501 HR Den Haag
* The Netherlands
*
* Email: rob@sypron.nl
* WWW : http://www.sypron.nl/
*----------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/

set nocount on
go
set flushmessage on
go

use sybsystemprocs
go

-- we need to be at ASE 12.0 or later; if not, abort this script
if isnull(object_id("master.dbo.sysqueryplans"),99) >= 99
begin
print ""
print ""
print "********************************************"
print "********************************************"
print " This script is for ASE 12.0 or later."
print " Please install SP_IDENTITY.119.SQL instead."
print "********************************************"
print "********************************************"
print " "
print " "
print ""
set background on -- terminate this script now
end
go

print ""
print "Installing 'sp_identity'..."
print ""
go
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