在Redhat9.0系统中安装与设置Mysql5.2.0数据库

在Redhat9.0系统中安装与设置Mysql5.2.0数据库

1.获得数据库安装文件,这里使用的是5.2.0版，安装文件名为
mysql-5.2.0-falcon-alpha-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz

2.将下载的压缩包解压到你用来放置应用程序的文件夹下(要注意文件夹名称不要包含 空格 或 & 号)。
我这里解压的目录为/home/user/mysql-5.2.0

3.安装步骤就是下面附上的

***********************************************************************
The basic commands that you must execute to install and use a MySQL
binary distribution are:

shell> cd /usr/local
shell> ln -s 安装的目录 mysql
shell> cd mysql
shell> scripts/mysql_install_db --user=user //指定用户为user用户

Note：If you would like to use `mysqlaccess' and have the MySQL
distribution in some non-standard location, you must change the
location where `mysqlaccess' expects to find the `mysql' client.
Edit the `bin/mysqlaccess' script at approximately line 18. Search
for a line that looks like this:

$MYSQL = '/usr/local/bin/mysql'; # path to mysql executable

Change the path to reflect the location where `mysql' actually is
stored on your system. If you do not do this, a `Broken pipe' error
will occur when you run `mysqlaccess'.
************************************************************************

4.将配置文件放到/etc目录
#cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

5.设置客户端和服务器的编码方式

修改客户端编码方式为UTF8
sudo vi /etc/my.cnf
添加
********************************
* [client] *
* default-character-set=utf8 *
********************************

修改数据库编码方式为UTF8
sudo vi /etc/my.cnf
添加
********************************
* [mysqld] *
* default-character-set=utf8 *
********************************

************************************************************************
# Example MySQL config file for medium systems.
#
# This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays
# an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with
# other programs (such as a web server)
#
# You can copy this file to
# /etc/my.cnf to set global options,
# mysql-data-dir/my.cnf to set server-specific options (in this
# installation this directory is /usr/local/mysql/data) or
# ~/.my.cnf to set user-specific options.
#
# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.
# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program
# with the "--help" option.

# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients
[client]
#password = your_password
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set = utf8

# Here follows entries for some specific programs

# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
skip-locking
key_buffer = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
default-character-set = utf8

# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows
# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!
#
#skip-networking

# Replication Master Server (default)
# binary logging is required for replication
log-bin=mysql-bin

# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1
# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set
# but will not function as a master if omitted
server-id = 1

# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)
#
# To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between
# two methods :
#
# 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -
# the syntax is:
#
# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>,
# MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ;
#
# where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and
# <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default).
#
# Example:
#
# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,
# MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';
#
# OR
#
# 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then
# start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example
# if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to
# connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later
# change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and
# overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown
# the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.
# For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched
# (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)
#
# required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1
# (and different from the master)
# defaults to 2 if master-host is set
# but will not function as a slave if omitted
#server-id = 2
#
# The replication master for this slave - required
#master-host = <hostname>
#
# The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting
# to the master - required
#master-user = <username>
#
# The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to
# the master - required
#master-password = <password>
#
# The port the master is listening on.
# optional - defaults to 3306
#master-port = <port>
#
# binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended
#log-bin=mysql-bin

# Point the following paths to different dedicated disks
#tmpdir = /tmp/
#log-update = /path-to-dedicated-directory/hostname

# Uncomment the following if you are using BDB tables
#bdb_cache_size = 4M
#bdb_max_lock = 10000

# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
#innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data/
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data/
#innodb_log_arch_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data/
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
#innodb_log_file_size = 5M
#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
#safe-updates

[isamchk]
key_buffer = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

[myisamchk]
key_buffer = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
********************************************************************

6.设置PATH变量，将/usr/local/mysql/bin加入到PATH中

7.启动服务器，修改root密码
启动服务器
mysqld_safe --user=user &
修改root密码
./bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
./bin/mysqladmin -u root -h localhost.localdomain password 'new-password'

8.登入数据库，查看数据库状态
登入数据库
mysql -u root -p

查看状态
mysql> status;
--------------
mysql Ver 14.13 Distrib 5.2.0-falcon-alpha, for pc-linux-gnu (i686) using readline 5.0

Connection id: 1
Current database:
Current user: root@localhost
SSL: Not in use
Current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ''
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 5.2.0-falcon-alpha-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Protocol version: 10
Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset: utf8
Db characterset: utf8
Client characterset: utf8
Conn. characterset: utf8
UNIX socket: /tmp/mysql.sock
Uptime: 22 sec

Threads: 1 Questions: 4 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 14 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 7 Queries per second avg: %
--------------
其中 characterset 全为utf8 ，OK 安装完毕

注意：
如果通过终端登入数据库，显示为乱码---(解决方案)---设置终端的编码方式为UTF8
设置方式：
[终端(T)]-->[字符编码(C)]-->[Unicode (UTF-8)]