丢失全部数据文件，控制文件，redo log file（9201）——处理方法三

丢失全部数据文件，控制文件，redo log file（9201） 作者：张大鹏（[/b]Lunar[/b]）[/b][/b] [/b] Email: moonlunar@163.com MSN: lunar52@hotmail.com

三 使用备份的控制文件（冷备）恢复

做冷备份前的测试数据

C:/>sqlplus "/ as sysdba" SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Feb 5 23:20:52 2002 Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production With the Partitioning, OLAP and Oracle Data Mining options JServer Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production SQL> archive log list; Database log mode Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled Archive destination e:/oracle/oradata/test/archive Oldest online log sequence 0 Next log sequence to archive 1 Current log sequence 1 SQL> conn lunar/lunar Connected. SQL> select * from test; no rows selected SQL>

冷备数据库

SQL> conn / as sysdba Connected. SQL> archive log list; Database log mode Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled Archive destination e:/oracle/oradata/test/archive Oldest online log sequence 0 Next log sequence to archive 1 Current log sequence 1 SQL> exit Disconnected from Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production With the Partitioning, OLAP and Oracle Data Mining options JServer Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production 单开一个窗口做冷备 C:/>d: D:/>cd D:/clonedb D:/clonedb>cold_backup.bat > cold_backup.log D:/clonedb>

查看冷备日志

D:/clonedb>echo Begin Cold_Backup Database... Begin Cold_Backup Database... D:/clonedb>date /t 2002-02-05 星期二 D:/clonedb>time /t 23:22 D:/clonedb>sqlplus "/ as sysdba" @shutdown.sql SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Feb 5 23:22:24 2002 Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production With the Partitioning, OLAP and Oracle Data Mining options JServer Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production Connected. Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 135338868 bytes Fixed Size 453492 bytes Variable Size 109051904 bytes Database Buffers 25165824 bytes Redo Buffers 667648 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. Disconnected from Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production With the Partitioning, OLAP and Oracle Data Mining options JServer Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production D:/clonedb>copy E:/oracle/ora92/test/*.* d:/clonedb E:/oracle/ora92/test/cold_backup.bat E:/oracle/ora92/test/shutdown.sql E:/oracle/ora92/test/startup.sql E:/oracle/ora92/test/cold_backup.log E:/oracle/ora92/test/CONTROL03.CTL E:/oracle/ora92/test/REDO01.LOG E:/oracle/ora92/test/REDO02.LOG E:/oracle/ora92/test/REDO03.LOG E:/oracle/ora92/test/REDO04A.LOG E:/oracle/ora92/test/REDO04B.LOG E:/oracle/ora92/test/SYSTEM01.DBF E:/oracle/ora92/test/UNDOTBS01.DBF E:/oracle/ora92/test/DRSYS01.DBF E:/oracle/ora92/test/INDX01.DBF E:/oracle/ora92/test/TOOLS01.DBF E:/oracle/ora92/test/USERS01.DBF E:/oracle/ora92/test/XDB01.DBF E:/oracle/ora92/test/RMAN01.DBF E:/oracle/ora92/test/CONTROL02.CTL E:/oracle/ora92/test/test_ora_1024.trc E:/oracle/ora92/test/TEMP01.DBF E:/oracle/ora92/test/PWDtest.ORA E:/oracle/ora92/test/test_ora_1800.trc 已复制 22 个文件。 D:/clonedb>copy E:/oracle/ora92/database/PWDtest.ORA d:/clonedb 已复制 1 个文件。 D:/clonedb>copy E:/oracle/oradata/test/archive d:/clonedb/archive E:/oracle/oradata/test/archive/* 已复制 0 个文件。 D:/clonedb>sqlplus "/ as sysdba" @startup.sql SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Feb 5 23:26:37 2002 Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved. Connected to an idle instance. Connected to an idle instance. ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 135338868 bytes Fixed Size 453492 bytes Variable Size 109051904 bytes Database Buffers 25165824 bytes Redo Buffers 667648 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. System altered. Database altered. System altered. Disconnected from Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production With the Partitioning, OLAP and Oracle Data Mining options JServer Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production D:/clonedb>date /t 2002-02-05 星期二 D:/clonedb>time /t 23:26 D:/clonedb>echo The Cold Backup Database Successed. The Cold Backup Database Successed.

制作冷备份后的测试数据

提交部分测试数据（备份后增加的）

SQL> conn lunar/lunar Connected. SQL> select * from test; no rows selected SQL> insert into test values(25); 1 row created. SQL> insert into test values(26); 1 row created. SQL> commit; Commit complete. SQL> insert into test values(27); 1 row created. SQL> select * from test; 25 26 27 3 rows selected. SQL>

再开一个窗口，产生检查点

Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) 版权所有 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:/>set nls_lang=AMERICAN_AMERICA.US7ASCII C:/>sqlplus "/ as sysdba" SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Feb 5 21:28:47 2002 Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production With the Partitioning, OLAP and Oracle Data Mining options JServer Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production SQL> alter system checkpoint; System altered. SQL>

回到原来的窗口，继续添加数据

SQL> insert into test values(28); 1 row created. SQL>

回到as sysdba的窗口，switch logfile

SQL> alter system switch logfile; System altered. SQL> archive log list; Database log mode Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled Archive destination e:/oracle/oradata/test/archive Oldest online log sequence 1 Next log sequence to archive 2 Current log sequence 2 SQL>

回到原来的窗口，commit后，继续添加数据

SQL> commit; Commit complete. SQL> insert into test values(29); 1 row created. SQL>

回到as sysdba的窗口，产生检查点

SQL> alter system checkpoint; System altered. SQL>

回到原来的窗口，不commit继续添加数据

SQL> insert into test values(30); 1 row created. SQL> select * from test; 25 (new datas after cold backup) 26 ( commit ) 27 (checkpoint ) 28 ( switch logfile ) (commit ) 29 (checkpoint ) 30 ( shutdown abort) 8 rows selected. SQL> 只能恢复到switch logfile前全部commit的数据，即：26

回到as sysdba的窗口，模拟数据库crash

SQL> shutdown abort ORACLE instance shut down. SQL>

删除所有数据库文件（数据文件，控制文件，redo log file）

SQL> host Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) 版权所有 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:/>del E:/oracle/ora92/test/*.* E:/oracle/ora92/test/*.*, 是否确认 (Y/N) ? y C:/>dir E:/oracle/ora92/test 驱动器 E 中的卷是 ORACLE 卷的序列号是 707A-C50C E:/oracle/ora92/test 的目录 2002-01-13 21:59 <DIR> . 2002-01-13 21:59 <DIR> .. 0 个文件 0 字节 2 个目录 2,802,413,568 可用字节 C:/>sqlplus "/ as sysdba" SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Feb 5 22:55:33 2002 Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved. Connected to an idle instance. SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 135338868 bytes Fixed Size 453492 bytes Variable Size 109051904 bytes Database Buffers 25165824 bytes Redo Buffers 667648 bytes ORA-00205: error in identifying controlfile, check alert log for more info SQL> SQL> shutdown abort ORACLE instance shut down. SQL>

恢复数据库

将最近的冷备拷贝过来

SQL> host Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) 版权所有 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:/>copy D:/clonedb/*.* E:/oracle/ora92/test D:/clonedb/cold_backup.bat D:/clonedb/shutdown.sql D:/clonedb/startup.sql D:/clonedb/cold_backup.log D:/clonedb/CONTROL03.CTL D:/clonedb/REDO01.LOG D:/clonedb/REDO02.LOG D:/clonedb/REDO03.LOG D:/clonedb/REDO04A.LOG D:/clonedb/REDO04B.LOG D:/clonedb/SYSTEM01.DBF D:/clonedb/UNDOTBS01.DBF D:/clonedb/DRSYS01.DBF D:/clonedb/INDX01.DBF D:/clonedb/TOOLS01.DBF D:/clonedb/USERS01.DBF D:/clonedb/XDB01.DBF D:/clonedb/RMAN01.DBF D:/clonedb/CONTROL02.CTL D:/clonedb/test_ora_1024.trc D:/clonedb/TEMP01.DBF D:/clonedb/PWDtest.ORA D:/clonedb/test_ora_1800.trc 已复制 23 个文件。 C:/>del E:/oracle/ora92/test/REDO0*.* C:/>dir E:/oracle/ora92/test/ 驱动器 E 中的卷是 ORACLE 卷的序列号是 707A-C50C E:/oracle/ora92/test 的目录 2002-01-13 21:59 <DIR> . 2002-01-13 21:59 <DIR> .. 2002-02-05 22:41 340 cold_backup.bat 2002-02-05 11:28 72 shutdown.sql 2002-02-05 12:19 281 startup.sql 2002-02-05 22:49 2,949 cold_backup.log 2002-02-05 22:45 1,875,968 CONTROL03.CTL 2002-02-05 22:45 367,009,792 SYSTEM01.DBF 2002-02-05 22:45 52,436,992 UNDOTBS01.DBF 2002-02-05 22:45 104,865,792 DRSYS01.DBF 2002-02-05 22:45 31,465,472 INDX01.DBF 2002-02-05 22:45 31,465,472 TOOLS01.DBF 2002-02-05 22:45 31,465,472 USERS01.DBF 2002-02-05 22:45 52,436,992 XDB01.DBF 2002-02-05 22:45 52,436,992 RMAN01.DBF 2002-02-05 22:45 1,875,968 CONTROL02.CTL 2002-02-05 22:07 4,905 test_ora_1024.trc 2002-02-05 22:27 20,979,712 TEMP01.DBF 2002-02-05 21:49 3,072 PWDtest.ORA 2002-02-05 22:49 5,416 test_ora_1800.trc 18 个文件 748,331,659 字节 2 个目录 2,054,361,088 可用字节 C:/>

装载但不打开数据库

Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) 版权所有 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:/>set nls_lang=AMERICAN_AMERICA.US7ASCII C:/>sqlplus "/ as sysdba" SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Feb 5 20:58:25 2002 Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved. Connected to an idle instance. SQL> startup nomount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 135338868 bytes Fixed Size 453492 bytes Variable Size 109051904 bytes Database Buffers 25165824 bytes Redo Buffers 667648 bytes SQL> alter database mount; Database altered. SQL>

使用using backup controlfile恢复数据库

SQL> recover database; ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors ORA-00264: no recovery required SQL>

注意

? 如果此时把冷备的redo log file也拷贝回来，则可以打开数据库（alter database open;），但是冷备后的数据全部都丢失了，即，数据库打开后，test表为空。操作过程如下： SQL> alter database open; Database altered. SQL> archive log list; Database log mode Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled Archive destination e:/oracle/oradata/test/archive Oldest online log sequence 0 Next log sequence to archive 1 Current log sequence 1 SQL> conn lunar/lunar Connected. SQL> select * from test; no rows selected SQL> ? 如果此时不使用using backup controlfile恢复数据库。不能直接open，因为没有redo log file（此时没有把冷备的redo log file 拷贝回来）。操作过程如下： SQL> recover database using backup controlfile; ORA-00279: change 1089259 generated at 02/05/2002 22:45:48 needed for thread 1 ORA-00289: suggestion : E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/TEST/ARCHIVE/1_1.ARC ORA-00280: change 1089259 for thread 1 is in sequence #1 Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL} auto ORA-00279: change 1089438 generated at 02/05/2002 22:52:46 needed for thread 1 ORA-00289: suggestion : E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/TEST/ARCHIVE/1_2.ARC ORA-00280: change 1089438 for thread 1 is in sequence #2 ORA-00278: log file 'E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/TEST/ARCHIVE/1_1.ARC' no longer needed for this recovery ORA-00328: archived log ends at change 1088611, need later change 1089438 ORA-00334: archived log: 'E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/TEST/ARCHIVE/1_2.ARC' SQL>

使用until cancel using backup controlfile再次恢复

SQL> alter database open resetlogs; alter database open resetlogs * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01113: file 1 needs media recovery ORA-01110: data file 1: 'E:/ORACLE/ORA92/TEST/SYSTEM01.DBF' SQL> recover database until cancel using backup controlfile; ORA-00279: change 1089438 generated at 02/05/2002 22:52:46 needed for thread 1 ORA-00289: suggestion : E:/ORACLE/ORADATA/TEST/ARCHIVE/1_2.ARC ORA-00280: change 1089438 for thread 1 is in sequence #2 Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL} cancel Media recovery cancelled. SQL> 请注意此时的数据库文件的更新时间等状态： SQL> host dir E:/oracle/ora92/test 驱动器 E 中的卷是 ORACLE 卷的序列号是 707A-C50C E:/oracle/ora92/test 的目录 2002-01-13 21:59 <DIR> . 2002-01-13 21:59 <DIR> .. 2002-02-05 22:41 340 cold_backup.bat 2002-02-05 11:28 72 shutdown.sql 2002-02-05 12:19 281 startup.sql 2002-02-05 22:49 2,949 cold_backup.log 2002-02-05 22:45 1,875,968 CONTROL03.CTL 2002-02-05 23:04 367,009,792 SYSTEM01.DBF 2002-02-05 23:04 52,436,992 UNDOTBS01.DBF 2002-02-05 23:04 104,865,792 DRSYS01.DBF 2002-02-05 23:04 31,465,472 INDX01.DBF 2002-02-05 23:04 31,465,472 TOOLS01.DBF 2002-02-05 23:04 31,465,472 USERS01.DBF 2002-02-05 23:04 52,436,992 XDB01.DBF 2002-02-05 23:04 52,436,992 RMAN01.DBF 2002-02-05 22:45 1,875,968 CONTROL02.CTL 2002-02-05 22:07 4,905 test_ora_1024.trc 2002-02-05 22:27 20,979,712 TEMP01.DBF 2002-02-05 21:49 3,072 PWDtest.ORA 2002-02-05 22:49 5,416 test_ora_1800.trc 18 个文件 748,331,659 字节 2 个目录 2,054,344,704 可用字节 SQL>

使用resetlogs打开数据库

SQL> alter database open resetlogs; Database altered. SQL> 请注意此时的数据库文件的更新时间等状态： SQL> host dir E:/oracle/ora92/test 驱动器 E 中的卷是 ORACLE 卷的序列号是 707A-C50C E:/oracle/ora92/test 的目录 2002-01-13 21:59 <DIR> . 2002-01-13 21:59 <DIR> .. 2002-02-05 22:41 340 cold_backup.bat 2002-02-05 11:28 72 shutdown.sql 2002-02-05 12:19 281 startup.sql 2002-02-05 22:49 2,949 cold_backup.log 2002-02-05 22:45 1,875,968 CONTROL03.CTL 2002-02-05 23:06 31,457,792 REDO01.LOG 2002-02-05 23:06 31,457,792 REDO02.LOG 2002-02-05 23:06 31,457,792 REDO03.LOG 2002-02-05 23:06 1,049,088 REDO04A.LOG 2002-02-05 23:06 1,049,088 REDO04B.LOG 2002-02-05 23:06 367,009,792 SYSTEM01.DBF 2002-02-05 23:06 52,436,992 UNDOTBS01.DBF 2002-02-05 23:06 104,865,792 DRSYS01.DBF 2002-02-05 23:06 31,465,472 INDX01.DBF 2002-02-05 23:06 31,465,472 TOOLS01.DBF 2002-02-05 23:06 31,465,472 USERS01.DBF 2002-02-05 23:06 52,436,992 XDB01.DBF 2002-02-05 23:06 52,436,992 RMAN01.DBF 2002-02-05 22:45 1,875,968 CONTROL02.CTL 2002-02-05 22:07 4,905 test_ora_1024.trc 2002-02-05 22:27 20,979,712 TEMP01.DBF 2002-02-05 21:49 3,072 PWDtest.ORA 2002-02-05 22:49 5,416 test_ora_1800.trc 23 个文件 844,803,211 字节 2 个目录 1,957,855,232 可用字节 SQL>

验证恢复

SQL> archive log list; Database log mode Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled Archive destination e:/oracle/oradata/test/archive Oldest online log sequence 0 Next log sequence to archive 1 Current log sequence 1 SQL> conn lunar/lunar Connected. SQL> select * from test; F ---------- 25 26 SQL> 丢失了部分数据commit的数据，因为那些数据是在redo中的，还没有被归档